Micro-Pulse Lidar (MPL)

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Presentation transcript:

Micro-Pulse Lidar (MPL) Specifications and performance History : First eye-safe lidar operating in the visible developed at NASA/GSFC by J. Spinhirne in the early 90’s Industrial version commercialized by a small US Company (SESI) Several systems now implemented on ARM sites Involved in several campaigns for aerosol characterisation (ACE2, INDOEX, ACE-ASIA, …)

Specifications from SESI (MPL Manufacturer) web site (http://www Transmitter Laser: Diode Pumped Nd:YLF laser Wavelength: 523 nm Output Pulse Energy: 10 micro-Joule Pulse Repetition Frequency: 2500 Hz Pulse Duration: 10 ns Polarization: >100:1 Transmitter Field of View: 50 µrd Receiver Telescope: 20 cm diameter, F/10, Schmidt-Cassegrain Field of View: 100 µrd (full angle) Detector Type: Geiger Mode Avalanche Photodiode Quantum Efficiency: 40%

Specifications from SESI (MPL Manufacturer) Physical Dimensions Lidar Controller and Computer Display: User selected computer Optical Transceiver: 30 x 30 x 84 cm MPL Scaler & Control Unit: 49 x 10 x 33 cm Diode Laser Power Supply: 49 x 14 x 31 cm Other System Control: via Pentium based IBM compatible PC Photon Counting System: SESI Multichannel Scaler (200 ns / 500 ns / 1 us / 2 us dwell time selectable) corresponding to 30 m-300 m vertical resolution Data Acquisition Software: Windows 95 based disk/CD versions Power Requirements: 115/230 VAC, 50/60 Hz, ~ 5/3A System Weight: 50 kg

Nighttime Daytime Example of quick-look provided for ARM/SGP data : range corrected data normalized to energy and time resolution

Example of quick-look obtained from ARM/Barrow data

Calculated Performance 1-2 µJ 7.5 cm 2- 10 µJ 20 cm 3- 25 µJ 20cm Overall efficiency 0.08-0.1-0.2 75 m, 2s@5kHz Spinhirne, 1993

Refering to the standard acquisition procedure (300 m vertical resolution and 60 s acquisition time), a multiplicative factor equal to 10 is to be applied to the obtained SNR values. This leads to SNR values larger than 100 up to 10 km for nighttime operation. Experimental limitations : overlap factor and detector response In a more recent paper (Welton and Campbell, 2002), the uncertainty analysis is discussed with reference to afterpulse corrections. The signal shown in this paper are corresponding to version 1 signal of Campbell et al., so that a SNR of 40 at 10 km altitude for nighttime operation and a 60s integration time. Overlap factor is also further revisited to extend up to 6.2 km. Signal processing now includes correction of afterpulse and overlap factor.

CONCLUSION Very impressive system in operation : fast profiling up to high Altitudes, narrow field of view (for multiple scattering), but Temperature stabilization required High cost New system being developed at NASA/GSFC Smaller laser divergence Otherwise similar but looking for an improved temperature Stability (correction of overlap including alignment drifts)