Time Value of Money Jim Bice

Activity Plan Overview Equations and the math behind it Activity –Instructions –Reminder on Excel –Group activity Summary and Homework

Examples of Time Value of $$$ Were the Indians cheated in the purchase of Manhattan Island. –Given $100 worth of trinkets in 1626 –What if they banked it at 7% interest They would have over $13,000,000,000,000 or 13 trillion dollars today.

What does this mean Would you rather have $100 today or $100 in a year? What if you could not spend it? Would you give me $100 today if I would give you $200 in 20 years? Why? What would you do with it? Why or why not?

Time value of money Time value of money - Money has the ability to increase over time (if it is invested) Interest - The amount of money that is earned over a certain time period Interest rate - The rate interest is earned

What are all these things P - Present value of money I - Interest it earned i - Interest rate I/P F - Future value of money A - Annuity or uniform series n - number of time periods Relations between F = P+I = P+(I/P)P = P+iP = P(1+i) If several time periods F = P(1+i)^n Then add A plus what A earns……

Try some examples with your calculators What is the value of 100 dollars in 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 years at an interest rate of 5% What would I have if I saved $100 per year? This is how A works. Answers –1 year - $105 –2 years - $ –3 years - $ –4 years - $ –5 years - $ –$580.19

What real life thing uses all this Banks –Savings and CD’s –Car loans –House loans Life Insurance Investors Loan Sharks Terms Interest rate, Inflation rate, Loan rate all are forms of I P is used for the value of the car or house etc. Payments on a loan are examples of A

Assignment Get in your assigned groups of 3 Grab a computer Put together an Excel spreadsheet that shows what happens over time Answer the questions I will post once you start.

Reminder on how Excel works Formulas start with = They are relational unless you fix the cell with $ Drag the formulas down to copy them

Slide layout

Variables

Cells to use

Instructions

Spreadsheet Checks i = 6% Inflation 3.5% Savings per year $100 Starting Amount $999 Hamburger cost $3 What value do you have in 2009 Should be $ in Amount Saved Hamburger $3.56

Now try these To have a million dollars in 50 years how much would you need now at 6% interest? –8% (bonds) –10% (stocks) Now try saving different amounts at different times To save a million dollars in 50 years how much would you have to save per month at 8% interest? What if you had $100 under you mattress, how many burgers could you buy today? In 20 years?

Estimation and error Rule of 70 - the number of years it will take to double is n=70/i When estimating future inflation or savings rates these are only best guesses. You can develop a range by taking the high and low rates.

Follow-up The important equation is F=P(1+i)^n You can derive everything else from this. The future value of A is F=A(1+i)^n/i Internet homework