Naming Chemical Compounds Ionic and Molecular. Ionic and Covalent Compounds Binary Compounds 2 elements Ionic Compounds a metal and a non-metal a metal.

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Presentation transcript:

Naming Chemical Compounds Ionic and Molecular

Ionic and Covalent Compounds Binary Compounds 2 elements Ionic Compounds a metal and a non-metal a metal and a polyatomic ion ammonium ion and a non-metal ammonium ion and a polyatomic ion Covalent/Molecular Compounds Two non-metals

Ionic Formulas Write each ion, cation first. Don’t show charges in the final formula. Overall charge must equal zero. If charges cancel, just write symbols. If not, use subscripts to balance charges. Use parentheses to show more than one polyatomic ion. Stock System - Roman numerals indicate the ion’s charge.

Ionic Naming Write the names of both ions, cation first. Change ending of monatomic ions to -ide. Polyatomic ions have special names. Stock System - Use Roman numerals to show the ion’s charge if more than one is possible. Overall charge must equal zero. Example: KCl = Potassium chloride

Ionic Naming Consider the following: Does it contain a polyatomic ion? -ide, 2 elements  no -ate, -ite, 3+ elements  yes Does it contain a Roman numeral? Check the table for metals not in Groups 1 or 2. No prefixes!

Name the following binary ionic compounds: MgBr 2 NaF Al 2 O 3 CdO ZnS Na 2 O K 3 N

Some metals have more than one oxidation number and when you name them you must indicate which of the oxidation numbers you are using. There are only 5 elements which you need to memorize which have more than one oxidation number and they are: Iron Fe (+3 or +2) Lead Pb (+4 or +2) Tin Sn (+4 or +2) Mercury Hg (+2 or +1) Copper Cu (+2 or +1) Nickel Ni ( +2 or +3) Cobalt Co(+2 or +3) Chromium Cr (+2 or +3)

Molecular Nomenclature Prefix System (binary compounds) 1.Less e - neg atom comes first. 2.Add prefixes to indicate # of atoms. Omit mono- prefix on first element. 3.Change the ending of the second element to -ide.

PREFIX mono- di- tri- tetra- penta- hexa- hepta- octa- nona- deca- NUMBER Molecular Nomenclature

Naming Compounds Example: name the following molecular compounds CO 2 N 2 O 3 Cl 2 O SO 3 CO

NOF Cl Br I H Molecular Nomenclature The Seven Diatomic Elements Br 2 I 2 N 2 Cl 2 H 2 O 2 F 2