Process Selection Chapter 3, Part 2.

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Presentation transcript:

Process Selection Chapter 3, Part 2

MGMT 326 Capacity, Facilities, & Work Design Foundations of Operations Products & Processes Quality Assurance Planning & Control Managing Projects Introduction Strategy Product Design Process Design

Process Selection Process Types Process Design Tools Reengineering Flowcharts Intermittent Project Batch Repetitive Assembly line Continuous Impact of Process Type Layout Inventory policy

Intermittent Operations Intermittent operations: processes used to produce a variety of products with different processing requirements at lower volumes Project processes: used to make one-of-a-kind items to customer specifications Batch processes: used to make small quantities of products in batches based on customer orders or specifications Also called job shops

Repetitive Operations Repetitive operations: Processes used to make one product or a few standardized products in high volume Line process – also called an assembly line or flow shop May have assemble-to-order options Continuous process: operates continuously, produces a high volume of a fully standardized product Some firms use more than one type of process

Underlying Process Relationship Between Volume and Standardization High-volume processes are usually more standardized than low-volume processes.

Process Choice and Layout Intermittent operations usually use a process (department) layout: workers & equipment are grouped by function Different products may take different paths through the production process Repetitive operations use a product layout: workers & equipment are grouped in the order in which they will be needed. The product passes from one work station to the next.

Process Choice and Layout Project Batch (job shop) Mass production (line flow or flow shop) Product Continuous

Hybrid Layouts A hybrid layout is a combination of a product layout and a process layout. Example: In a grocery store, products are displayed by department (process layout) The checkout line has a product layout.

Process Choice and Inventory Policy

Process Choice and Inventory Policy (2) Project Make-to-order Batch (job shop) Mass production (line flow or flow shop) Make-to-stock OR Assemble-to-order Continuous Make-to-stock

Process Design Tools Process flow analysis is a tool used to analyze and document the sequence of steps within a total process. Usually first step in process reengineering. Process reengineering is the fundamental rethinking and radical redesign of a process to bring about dramatic improvements in performance Cost Quality Time Flexibility

Process Design Tools (2) Both operations processes and business processes can be re-engineered. Re-engineer a process before you automate it or computerize it.

Process Flow in a Pizza Restaurant