Europe & Fair trade Everest Team.

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Presentation transcript:

Europe & Fair trade Everest Team

History of Fair Trade 1860: «Birth » of Max Havelaar, hero of the novel by Edouard DOUWES DEKKER about how business was unfair between Indonesia and Netherlands. American first, with Thousand Villages and SERRV (end of 40th) End of 50’ies : European with OXFAM 1964: 1st alternative trade organization ATO, by OXFAM Le commerce équitable est issu de mouvements de citoyens attachés aux principes de l'autogestion et solidaires envers les populations du tiers-monde. Les Américains sont les premiers, avec Thousand Villages et SERRV, à se lancer dans le commerce équitable dès la fin des années 1940. L'Europe fait ses premiers pas à la fin des années 1950 avec OXFAM qui commercialise de l'artisanat fabriqué par des réfugiés chinois, et crée en 1964 la première organisation de commerce alternatif (ATO). La deuxième conférence des Nations Unies sur le commerce et le développement (en 1968 à New Delhi) marque la mémoire collective par le slogan « Trade, not Aid », laissant dans son sillage des initiatives toujours plus nombreuses. Un mouvement européen de commerce équitable se développe presque simultanément, tout d'abord au Nord de l'Europe (Pays-Bas). Bien que le commerce équitable renvoie à des réalités propres à chaque pays, le partage d'une conception identique du développement et de l'économie mondiale facilite la réalisation d'actions communes. En 1994, 15 associations nationales de 13 pays européens se regroupent au sein de NEWS! (Network of European World Shops). Au total, cela représente :

History of Fair Trade 1968: 2nd United Nation Organization trade and development commitment : « Trade, not Aid » Same time : Fair Trade organizations start in North Europe. 1994 : 15 associations of 13 countries gather into NEWS! (Network of European World Shops). 2001 : FINE, (FLO, IFAT, NEWS, EFTA) proposed a common definition of the fair trade. 2007 : Fair trade = 2,300 B€ and 47% growth. Le commerce équitable est issu de mouvements de citoyens attachés aux principes de l'autogestion et solidaires envers les populations du tiers-monde. Les Américains sont les premiers, avec Thousand Villages et SERRV, à se lancer dans le commerce équitable dès la fin des années 1940. L'Europe fait ses premiers pas à la fin des années 1950 avec OXFAM qui commercialise de l'artisanat fabriqué par des réfugiés chinois, et crée en 1964 la première organisation de commerce alternatif (ATO). La deuxième conférence des Nations Unies sur le commerce et le développement (en 1968 à New Delhi) marque la mémoire collective par le slogan « Trade, not Aid », laissant dans son sillage des initiatives toujours plus nombreuses. Un mouvement européen de commerce équitable se développe presque simultanément, tout d'abord au Nord de l'Europe (Pays-Bas). Bien que le commerce équitable renvoie à des réalités propres à chaque pays, le partage d'une conception identique du développement et de l'économie mondiale facilite la réalisation d'actions communes. En 1994, 15 associations nationales de 13 pays européens se regroupent au sein de NEWS! (Network of European World Shops). Au total, cela représente : plus de 3 000 associations locales animées par près de 100 000 personnes (essentiellement bénévoles). 250 millions d'euros de chiffre d'affaires réalisé en 1999. 400 groupements de producteurs du Sud bénéficiaires dans 50 pays du Sud, soit environ 800 000 familles (5 millions de personnes).

Definition of Fair trade « Fair Trade is a trading partnership, based on dialogue, transparency and respect, that seeks greater equity in international trade. » Fair trade products are very diversify : Coffee, tea chocolate, kinoa, decorations, Around 60 products Fair Trade labeling organizations most commonly refer to a definition developed by FINE, an informal association of four international fair trade networks (Fairtrade Labelling Organizations International, World Fair Trade Organization, Network of European Worldshops and European Fair Trade Association):

Concern of European Union Ideological: To trade in a socially responsible way (Strategy on Sustainable Dev) To eradicate poverty in countries of the South (Millenium Dev Goals)

Actions of European Union Symbolic Actions: Acknowledge benefit of Fair Trade Fair Trade products in EU institutions Fair Trade criteria in public authorities in EU Consumer Information: Promote Fair Trade to increase awareness Help consumers make an informed choice

Actions of European Union Abuse Protection: Ensure Fair price Good conditions of production Transparency, traceability Economic help: Low VAT Eliminate import duties « Aid for Fair Trade »

Europe role in Fair Trade 11% of European citizens buy FT products : great demand ! 4th July 1998 : European resolution 29th Nov 1999 : last Commission Communication about FT : definition of FT and fundamental principles The « FT file » went to an European institution to another Willingness to look after environment and social issues

Criteria European criteria for FT (FT & development report, 1995) : a fair price for the producer ; long-term and stable relations with the producer ; transparency and tracability of the business ; respect of the ILO conventions ; environment protection , human rights protection…

Labelling Several types of labels exist : international brand-labels : FLO-Max Havelaar, FTO, STEP National brand-labels: Bio équitable a reference to national networks : PFCE, Minga, Artisans du Monde, UNAT… internal guarantee systems Bio labels and brand-labels: AB, Eco label Européen.

Certification & Control 2007 : 23 certification organisations in 23 countries. United in Fair Trade Labelling Organizations-International (FLO-International) : responsible of the certification and also working for the processus’ unification throughout the world.

Funding In 2004 : 18M€ given to FT organizations Where it comes from : How it is used : 35% : local communities 34% : ministries 24% : FSE

& Fair Trade

Financial aspects

Courts of arabica, stock exchange of New York, 1980-2009

Fair Trade & European Union Mss Catherine Ashton, European commissioner in business, has declared: «Considering the contribution which the fair trade can bring to the sustainable development, the Commission will maintain its commitment»

Fair Trade & European Union The European Commission did not give a specific subsidy to the fair trade by Max Haavelaar label.

Fair Trade & European Union In Netherlands, the market share of the certified MALONGO coffee (fair trade and the other labels) spent from 2,9 % in 2001 to 27,8 % in 2006 and 33,6 % in 2008. CONCLUSION : the impact is very strong

Thank you for your attention ! Any question ?