8.1 Identifying DNA as the Genetic Material KEY CONCEPT DNA was identified as the genetic material through a series of experiments.

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8.1 Identifying DNA as the Genetic Material KEY CONCEPT DNA was identified as the genetic material through a series of experiments.

8.1 Identifying DNA as the Genetic Material Griffith finds a ‘transforming principle.’ Frederick Griffith experimented with the bacteria that cause pneumonia. He used two forms: the S form (deadly) and the R form (not deadly). Some material was transferred (passed) from dead S bacteria to live R bacteria, making them deadly.

8.1 Identifying DNA as the Genetic Material Avery identified DNA as the transforming principle. Avery isolated and purified Griffith’s transforming principle. Avery performed three tests on the transforming principle. –Qualitative tests showed DNA was present. (no protein) –Chemical analysis showed the chemical makeup matched that of DNA. –Enzyme tests showed only DNA-degrading enzymes stopped transformation.

8.1 Identifying DNA as the Genetic Material Hershey and Chase confirm that DNA is the genetic material. Hershey and Chase studied viruses that infect bacteria (bacteriophages). Tagged DNA was found inside the bacteria; tagged proteins were not. – They tagged viral proteins with radioactive sulfur. –They tagged viral DNA with radioactive phosphorus. –

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