Network Encryption Vince Ceccarelli Group 7 TC 200.

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Presentation transcript:

Network Encryption Vince Ceccarelli Group 7 TC 200

What is Encryption? Encryption – a process that hides the content of a message in such a way that it can be revealed through a decryption process Encryption and decryption are processes of Cryptography Cryptography - study of techniques using secret writing as codes or ciphers

How is it done? The cryptography process uses encryption/decryption algorithms The algorithms use a key - a long sequence of bits (1s, 0s) The key is used to alter the original message mathematically to create a new encrypted/decrypted message

Keys The keys provide the necessary means of protection They must be kept secret or anyone with knowledge of them would be able to crack the decryption process with the right algorithm In some cases two keys are used, one for encryption and one for decryption This can make the encryption key public and the decryption key private

Keys and Bits Keys are determined by the amount of bits they have (amount of numbers) All the possibilities of a 2-bit key: 00,01,10,11 A 3-bit key has 8 possible values Possible values formula –2^n (n being the number of bits) –40-bit key has E12(2^40)

Types of Encryption Algorithms RSA DES/3DES BLOWFISH IDEA SEAL RC4

RSA Created in 1977 by Ron Rivest, Adi Shamir, and Len Adleman Uses public and private key Starts with 2 large prime numbers Goes through long math process Results in a public and private key

DES/3DES Data Encryption Standard Developed by U.S. Government in 1977 Uses a 56-bit key Used in ATMs 3DES is the same thing except it encrypts the data 3 times and uses a different key for at least one of the passes This creates a cumulative key size of bits

BLOWFISH Designed by Bruce Schneider in 1993 Uses keys from 32 to 448 bits It was a fast, free alternative to encryption algorithms when it came out

IDEA Developed by Dr. X. Lai and Prof. J. Massey in Switzerland in early 1900s Replaced the DES standard Uses a 128 bit key Said to be impossible to break by checking every key No other means of attack is known

SEAL Software-optimized Encryption Algorithm Designed by Rogaway and Coppersmith in 1993 Uses a 160 bit key Is a Stream-Cipher – data is encrypted continuously as opposed to Block Ciphers (DES, BLOWFISH, and IDEA)

RC4 Invented by Ron Rivest, Co-Producer of RSA Used in Lotus Notes and Netscape Uses up to a 2048-bit key Useful in situations in which a new key can be used for each message

SOURCES 303a.htm encryption_smaller.gifhttp://gnrt.terena.org/gfx/book/ProtectingUsers/public-key- encryption_smaller.gif encryption_smaller.gifhttp://gnrt.terena.org/gfx/book/ProtectingUsers/single-key- encryption_smaller.gif y/image042.gifhttp:// y/image042.gif