Slide 1-1 NIMS--INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM FOR THE FIRE SERVICE

Slide 1-2 UNIT 1: INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW

Slide 1-3 OBJECTIVES Identify the need for an organized approach to management of emergency incidents.Identify the need for an organized approach to management of emergency incidents. Recognize the laws and standards that require an organized approach to managing emergency incidents.Recognize the laws and standards that require an organized approach to managing emergency incidents. List the elements of an effective Incident Command System (ICS).List the elements of an effective Incident Command System (ICS). The students will:

Slide 1-4 OBJECTIVES (cont'd) Understand the various Incident Command and Incident Management Systems. List the components of an Incident Management System (IMS). Evaluate their departments' capabilities to implement the various elements of an ICS.

Slide 1-5 NEED FOR AN ORGANIZED APPROACH TO MANAGEMENT OF EMERGENCY INCIDENTS Without organization, chaos will reign in the management structure.Without organization, chaos will reign in the management structure. Confusion is the enemy of effective management.Confusion is the enemy of effective management. Failure to manage the incident effectively is sure to result in increased life and property loss.Failure to manage the incident effectively is sure to result in increased life and property loss.

Slide 1-6 SARA Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act of 1986 Established Federal regulations for handling hazardous materials (haz mat) incidentsEstablished Federal regulations for handling hazardous materials (haz mat) incidents Directed Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) to establish rules for operations at haz mat incidents.Directed Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) to establish rules for operations at haz mat incidents.

Slide 1-7 OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ADMINISTRATION OSHA requires that all organizations that handle haz mat incidents use an ICS. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY Non-OSHA States are required under EPA rules to use an ICS at haz mat incidents.

Slide 1-8 NFPA 1500 REQUIRES Written procedures for an ICSWritten procedures for an ICS Incident command trainingIncident command training Specified responsibility for safetySpecified responsibility for safety Personnel accountabilityPersonnel accountability Documented safety requirementsDocumented safety requirements Sufficient supervisory personnelSufficient supervisory personnel

Slide 1-9 NFPA 1561 Provides broad guidelines for what should be included in an IMSProvides broad guidelines for what should be included in an IMS Does not provide a new IMSDoes not provide a new IMS

Slide 1-10 HISTORY OF THE INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM Military command and control backgroundMilitary command and control background Fire Resources of California Organized for Potential Emergencies (FIRESCOPE)Fire Resources of California Organized for Potential Emergencies (FIRESCOPE) National Interagency Incident Management System (NIIMS)National Interagency Incident Management System (NIIMS) IMS consortiumIMS consortium National Incident Management System (NIMS)National Incident Management System (NIMS)

Slide 1-11 DEVELOPMENT OF INTERAGENCY INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Devastating wildland fires in Southern California in early 1970'sDevastating wildland fires in Southern California in early 1970's Examining various aspects concerning interagency response to incidentsExamining various aspects concerning interagency response to incidents

Slide 1-12 FIRESCOPE FIre RESources of California Organized for Potential Emergencies

Slide 1-13 NATIONAL INTERAGENCY INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Developed by the wildland community to provide a common systemDeveloped by the wildland community to provide a common system Includes six agenciesIncludes six agencies Consists of five major subsystemsConsists of five major subsystems

Slide 1-14 FIVE MAJOR SUBSYSTEMS The ICSThe ICS Standardized trainingStandardized training Nationwide qualifications and certification systemNationwide qualifications and certification system Publications managementPublications management Supporting technologiesSupporting technologies

Slide 1-15 NEED FOR A SINGLE INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM InconsistenciesInconsistencies Effective commandEffective command Reduce confusionReduce confusion

Slide 1-16 NATIONAL FIRE SERVICE INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM CONSORTIUM Created in 1990Created in 1990 Determined what ICS would look like in the futureDetermined what ICS would look like in the future Consists of leaders and representatives from most major fire service organizations and Federal agenciesConsists of leaders and representatives from most major fire service organizations and Federal agencies Model Procedures Guide for Structural FirefightingModel Procedures Guide for Structural Firefighting

Slide 1-17 NATIONAL FIRE ACADEMY Adopted FIRESCOPE ICS in 1980 Incorporated material into its training curriculum

Slide 1-18 Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) formally adopted FIRESCOPE ICS as the IMS for any Federal response.

Slide 1-19 NATIONAL INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Promulgated by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). United States Fire Administration (USFA) formally adopted Federal NIMS in Requires one system for the management of major emergencies where agencies from all levels of government may be involved. NIMS determined by input from Federal, State, regional, and local response agencies. Now required as the basis for all NFA course materials. Promulgated by the Department of Homeland Security (DHS). United States Fire Administration (USFA) formally adopted Federal NIMS in Requires one system for the management of major emergencies where agencies from all levels of government may be involved. NIMS determined by input from Federal, State, regional, and local response agencies. Now required as the basis for all NFA course materials.

Slide 1-20 INCIDENT MANAGEMENT TEAMS Can be established on a State, departmental, or regional basis.Can be established on a State, departmental, or regional basis. Provides a high level of Command and General Staff response to major incidents.Provides a high level of Command and General Staff response to major incidents. Type I and Type II teams are formed, trained, and certified at the Federal and State levels.Type I and Type II teams are formed, trained, and certified at the Federal and State levels.

Slide 1-21 INCIDENT MANAGEMENT TEAMS (cont'd) For the local, county, and State levels, these teams are known as: – Type III--State or large metropolitan area level--State, region, or area with more than one jurisdiction or mutual-aid agreement – Type IV--county or fire district level-- multiagency/jurisdiction – Type V--city or township level--jurisdiction- specific or by mutual-aid agreement

Slide 1-22 ELEMENTS OF AN EFFECTIVE INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM Suitable for use regardless of jurisdiction/agency involvement.Suitable for use regardless of jurisdiction/agency involvement. Organizational structure can be applied to any incident or major event.Organizational structure can be applied to any incident or major event. Applicable and adaptable to users throughout the community/region.Applicable and adaptable to users throughout the community/region. Readily adaptable to new technology.Readily adaptable to new technology. Can expand in a logical manner from initial response to a major emergency.Can expand in a logical manner from initial response to a major emergency.

Slide 1-23 ELEMENTS OF AN EFFECTIVE INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM (cont'd) Common elements in organization, terminology, and procedures Causes least possible disruption to existing systems during implementation Fulfills above requirements effectively and simply to ensure low operational and maintenance costs

Slide 1-24 COMPONENTS OF THE INCIDENT COMMAND SYSTEM

Slide 1-25 COMMON TERMINOLOGY Essential need for common terminology in any ICS

Slide 1-26 MODULAR ORGANIZATION ICS organizational structure develops in a modular fashion. Top-down development of ICS. IC is always staffed. Four other major functions can be staffed as needed. ICS organizational structure is based on the needs of the incident.

Slide 1-27 MODULAR ORGANIZATION Simple Incident IC Fire Attack Search & Rescue Ventilation

Slide 1-28 MODULAR ORGANIZATION Complex Incident IC Planning OperationsLogistics Finance/ Admin DivisionGroupGroup

Slide 1-29 INTEGRATED COMMUNICATIONS Managed through a common communications plan.Managed through a common communications plan. Standard Operating Guidelines (SOG's).Standard Operating Guidelines (SOG's). Two-way nature of communications.Two-way nature of communications. Large incidents may require additional communications capabilities.Large incidents may require additional communications capabilities.

Slide 1-30 RADIO CHANNELS When Branches are instituted Operations Section Chief must ensure that the Branches or Division/Groups are on the correct radio channels or talk groups.Operations Section Chief must ensure that the Branches or Division/Groups are on the correct radio channels or talk groups. Branches should account for resources.Branches should account for resources. Transitions make us vulnerable to losing companies.Transitions make us vulnerable to losing companies. Each Division/Group must be contacted and informed of the change of its supervisor and each must acknowledge that change.Each Division/Group must be contacted and informed of the change of its supervisor and each must acknowledge that change.

Slide 1-31 When available, a separate tactical radio channel should be used for each Branch when operational Branches are implemented, based on the needs of the incident.

Slide 1-32 WHEN MORE THAN ONE CHANNEL IS USED ON AN INCIDENT SCENE It is imperative that all channels be monitored.It is imperative that all channels be monitored. At larger incidents, this may require the use of additional personnel.At larger incidents, this may require the use of additional personnel. While the command channel and tactical channels are probably the most active, it is equally important to monitor support channels.While the command channel and tactical channels are probably the most active, it is equally important to monitor support channels.

Slide 1-33 EXAMPLE OF A MULTICHANNEL OPERATION Medical Group P.M.-1 Vent Group Capt. T-2 Division C Capt. E-7 Division B Capt. E-4 Division 1 BC-2 E E T E E E E E E T T E A A A Staging 3E-1T Operations BC-1 Plans Trng.-2 SIT RES Logistics BC4 Comm. Command AC-1 Safety BC-3 Public Info FP-1 Channel # 1 – Command Channel Channel # 2 – Tactical Channel Operations monitors both channels.

Slide 1-34 BRIEF INITIAL REPORT Critical information transmitted by the first-arriving unit at an incidentCritical information transmitted by the first-arriving unit at an incident Status reportStatus report Conveys important information to those units not yet on locationConveys important information to those units not yet on location Increases ability of those arriving to be preparedIncreases ability of those arriving to be prepared

Slide 1-35 RECOMMENDED FORMAT 1.Engine _____ arrived at location Side _____ (state side of the facility) of (describe the facility briefly). 2.Describe the situation and the mode of operation specifically. 3.Engine _____ crew is (describe what your crew has been assigned to do and where). 4.(Your rank) Engine _____ in Command on Side _____ (state side). 5.Assign the other resources, as needed.

Slide 1-36 EXAMPLE 1.Engine 1 arrived location Side A of a two-story dwelling. 2.I have heavy smoke showing from the second floor, Side C, offensive operation. 3.Engine 1's crew is making an interior attack and starting primary search on the second floor from Side A. 4.Captain Engine 1 is Main Street Command on Side A. Be aware that other responding units need to know your strategies.

Slide 1-37 THE COMMAND FUNCTION The command function within the ICS may be conducted in two general ways. Single commandSingle command Unified CommandUnified Command

Slide 1-38 SINGLE/UNIFIED COMMAND DIFFERENCES In a single command structure, a single Incident Commander (IC) is solely responsible for the management strategy of the incident.In a single command structure, a single Incident Commander (IC) is solely responsible for the management strategy of the incident. In a Unified Command structure, individuals are designated by their agency's title; e.g., Health IC.In a Unified Command structure, individuals are designated by their agency's title; e.g., Health IC. Jurisdictions/Departments jointly determine objectives, strategy, and priorities.Jurisdictions/Departments jointly determine objectives, strategy, and priorities.

Slide 1-39 UNIFIED COMMAND UNIFIED COMMAND Incidents that involve a number of jurisdictions and/or agencies that have a legal or functional need to be involved directly in the decisionmaking process. Haz mat incidentsHaz mat incidents Mass-casualty incidentsMass-casualty incidents Natural disastersNatural disasters Wildland firesWildland fires Terrorism incidentsTerrorism incidents

Slide 1-40 WHAT ELEMENTS DETERMINE THE NEED FOR A UNIFIED COMMAND? More than one agency is responsible for decisionmaking within a single jurisdiction.More than one agency is responsible for decisionmaking within a single jurisdiction. More than one jurisdiction is involved.More than one jurisdiction is involved. The potential of the incident.The potential of the incident. The political jurisdiction(s) involved.The political jurisdiction(s) involved.

Slide 1-41 WHO IS INVOLVED? All agencies with statutory responsibility to manage the incident togetherAll agencies with statutory responsibility to manage the incident together All agencies with geographical responsibilityAll agencies with geographical responsibility One key official from each jurisdiction's responsible agenciesOne key official from each jurisdiction's responsible agencies Representatives from departments in a single jurisdictionRepresentatives from departments in a single jurisdiction

Slide 1-42 IC may be determined by local or State law, or agencies should work together to determine which agency takes the lead for each risk. Generally, the agency with the greatest jurisdictional involvement is assigned to the Operations function.Generally, the agency with the greatest jurisdictional involvement is assigned to the Operations function. It is important to recognize prior training and experience.It is important to recognize prior training and experience. WHO IS INVOLVED? (cont'd)

Slide 1-43 Definition of Unity of Command Shared responsibility for overall incident management (multi- agency or multi- jurisdictional). Definition of Unified Command Each individual reports to only one supervisor.

Slide 1-44 CONSOLIDATED INCIDENT ACTION PLANS Every incident needs an Incident Action Plan (IAP).Every incident needs an Incident Action Plan (IAP). Complex incidents require written IAP's.Complex incidents require written IAP's. IAP's specify incident objectives, strategy, tactics, and support.IAP's specify incident objectives, strategy, tactics, and support.

Slide 1-45 DEFINITION OF MANAGEABLE SPAN OF CONTROL The number of subordinates that one supervisor can manage effectively

Slide 1-46 SPAN OF CONTROL IC Range: 2 to 7 Optimal: 5 Anticipate span-of-control problems and prepare for them.

Slide 1-47 Several types can be established in and around incident area, based on: Incident requirements Direction of IC Command Post (CP)Command Post (CP) Incident Base (highrise, haz mat, or wildland)Incident Base (highrise, haz mat, or wildland) Staging AreasStaging Areas Mobilization CenterMobilization Center CampsCamps DESIGNATED INCIDENT FACILITIES

Slide 1-48 COMPREHENSIVE RESOURCE MANAGEMENT Resource management is based on incident needs.Resource management is based on incident needs. Effective management should maximize resource use, consolidate control, and reduce communications load.Effective management should maximize resource use, consolidate control, and reduce communications load. Knowledge of resource status is critical to effective management.Knowledge of resource status is critical to effective management.

Slide 1-49 Activity 1.1 Department Incident Management System Evaluation

Slide 1-50 SUMMARY There are many reasons for implementation and use of an ICS.There are many reasons for implementation and use of an ICS. Primary reason for adoption of an ICS is safety.Primary reason for adoption of an ICS is safety. ICS is an "all-risk" system.ICS is an "all-risk" system.

Slide 1-51 Specific factors in an emergency make the management process more difficult.Specific factors in an emergency make the management process more difficult. An effective ICS includes eight basic components.An effective ICS includes eight basic components. SUMMARY (cont'd)