INSECT THORAX. Insect Thorax - 3 segmented ProthoraxMesothoraxMetathorax Pterothorax Anterior Posterior.

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Presentation transcript:

INSECT THORAX

Insect Thorax - 3 segmented ProthoraxMesothoraxMetathorax Pterothorax Anterior Posterior

pleuron notum sternum pleuron Cross section of insect thorax

pleuron notum sternum Insect Thorax scutum scutellum epimeron basisternum trochantin sternellum tergum episternum

pleuron notum sternum Insect Thorax

Internal support in thorax pleural ridge pleural apophysis sternal apophysis sternopleural muscle furca Furca Pleural/sternal apophysis Apodemes

Thoracic Appendages - Legs coxa trochanter femur tibia tarsus pretarsus tarsomeres coxa

Insect Leg - Articulation monocondylic leg

Insect Leg - Articulation monocondylic trochantin leg

Insect Leg - Articulation monocondylic Decreasing mobility Increasing strength trochantin dicondylic leg

Thoracic Appendages - Legs Modifications Digging (Fossorial) Mole cricket (Orthoptera:Gryllotalpidae)

Thoracic Appendages - Legs Modifications Saltatorial (jumping) Migratory locust (Orthoptera: Locustidae)

Thoracic Appendages - Legs Modifications Natorial (swimming) Predaceous diving beetle (Coleoptera:Dytiscidae)

Thoracic Appendages - Legs Modifications Pneustonic (water surface) Whirlig beetle (Coleoptera: Gyrinidae)

Thoracic Appendages - Legs Modifications Apposition (grasping)

Thoracic Appendages - Legs Modifications Cursorial (running) Tiger beetle (Coleoptera: Cicindellidae)

Thoracic Appendages - Legs Modifications Suction (mating pads) Predaceous diving beetle (Coleoptera:Dytiscidae)

Thoracic Appendages - Wings Development cuticle haemocoel Evagination of body wall blood(hemolymph) trachea nerve cuticle epidermis vein

The Insect Wing costa subcosta radius medial cubitus anal jugal C Sc R RS MA MP CuA CuP A J

The Insect Wing Wing modifications Dragonfly (Odonata) -archedictyon

Evolutionary Trends 1. Reduce number of cross veins = loss of weight 2. Fuse or lose longitudinal veins 3. Less sclerotization 4. Reduce fluting except on anterior

The Insect Wing Wing folding

The Insect Wing Wing folding Melolontha

Wing Coupling Paleoptera

Wing Coupling Frenate (Lepidoptera) frenulum retinaculum male female

Wing Coupling Hamate (Hymenoptera) Hamuli (hooks)

Wing Coupling Jugate (Lepidoptera)

Wing Coupling Overlap (Lepidoptera)

The Insect Wing Wing modifications Elytra (Several Orders) elytra

The Insect Wing Wing modifications Hemelytra (True Bugs - Hemiptera)

The Insect Wing Wing modifications Halteres

Next time INSECT FLIGHT