Ch-8 review

Which is a typical characteristic of an ionic compound? Electron pairs are shared among atoms. The ionic compound has a low solubility in water. The ionic compound is described as a molecule. The ionic compound has a high melting point.

What is shown by the structural formula of a molecule or polyatomic ion? the arrangement of bonded atoms the number of metallic bonds the number of ionic bonds the shapes of molecular orbitals

Which of these elements does not exist as a diatomic molecule? Ne H F I

How do atoms achieve noble-gas electron configurations in single covalent bonds? One atom completely loses two electrons to the other atom in the bond. Two atoms share two pairs of electrons. Two atoms share two electrons. Two atoms share one electron.

Why do atoms share electrons in covalent bonds? to become ions and attract each other to attain a noble-gas electron configuration to become more polar to increase their atomic numbers

Which of the following elements can form diatomic molecules held together by triple covalent bonds? carbon fluorine oxygen nitrogen

Which noble gas has the same electron configuration as the oxygen in a water molecule? helium argon neon xenon

Which elements can form diatomic molecules joined by a single covalent bond? hydrogen only halogens only halogens and members of the oxygen group only hydrogen and the halogens only

Which of the following is the name given to the pairs of valence electrons that do not participate in bonding in diatomic oxygen molecules? unvalenced pair inner pair outer pair unshared pair

A molecule with a single covalent bond is ____. Cl 2 N 2

Once formed, how are coordinate covalent bonds different from other covalent bonds? They are stronger. They are weaker. They are more ionic in character. There is no difference.

both bonding electrons come from the oxygen atom When H forms a bond with H2 O to form the hydronium ion H 3O +, this bond is called a coordinate covalent bond because ____. both bonding electrons come from the oxygen atom it forms an especially strong bond the electrons are equally shared the oxygen no longer has eight valence electrons

How many valid electron dot formulas—having the same number of electron pairs for a molecule or ion—can be written when a resonance structure occurs? 2 only 1 only 2 or more

How many electrons can occupy a single molecular orbital? 2 1 4

According to VSEPR theory, molecules adjust their shapes to keep which of the following as far apart as possible? pairs of valence electrons mobile electrons inner shell electrons the electrons closest to the nuclei

What causes water molecules to have a bent shape, according to VSEPR theory? repulsive forces between unshared pairs of electrons interaction between the fixed orbitals of the unshared pairs of oxygen ionic attraction and repulsion the unusual location of the free electrons

What type of hybrid orbital exists in the methane molecule? sp sp 3 sp 2 sp 3d 2

What is the shape of a molecule with a triple bond? tetrahedral bent pyramidal linear

What is thought to cause the dispersion forces? attraction between ions sharing of electron pairs motion of electrons differences in electronegativity

What are the weakest attractions between molecules? ionic forces covalent forces Van der Waals forces hydrogen forces

What causes hydrogen bonding? attraction between ions motion of electrons sharing of electron pairs bonding of a covalently bonded hydrogen atom with an unshared electron pair