1 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Undulator Development R&D Plan Toshi Tanabe George Rakowsky, John Skaritka, Steve Hulbert, Sam Krinsky, Timur Shaftan and Other NSLS2 Staffs NSLS-II NSLS-II Accelerator Systems Advisory Committee 2007/04/23-24

2 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Outline 1)Permanent Magnet Damping Wiggler 2)Elliptically Polarized Undulator (EPU) 3)3 Pole Wiggler 4)Cryo-Permanent Magnet Undulator (CPMU)  Cold Measurement System  Cold Gas Refrigeration System  New Magnet / Pole Materials  New Gap Separation Mechanism 5)Superconducting Insertion Devices  SCU, SCW and SEPU  High Temperature Superconductor (HTS) 6)Undulator Laboratory

3 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES 1) PM-Damping Wiggler W100 W80 CDR DW ( w =100mm, Gap=15mm) Br= 1.35T Integral of B 2 = T 2.m (90.0% of ideal 1.8T sinusoidal field=0.162 T 2.m) K eff /  = 2.71 mrad New Design with side magnets ( w =80mm, Gap=12mm) Br= 1.30T Integral of B 2 = T 2.m (103% of ideal 1.8T sinusoidal field= T 2.m) K eff /  = 2.32 mrad Side Magnets

4 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Effect of Pole Width in Dynamic Aperture 65% Pole Width=52mm (Br=1.32) [Horizontal Field Profile] kx= kx= Pole Width=80mm (Br=1.30) 45% Pole Width=36mm (Br=1.40) kx=0.017

5 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Tracking Result Up to 13 th longitudinal harmonics are included

6 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES 2) EPU Comparison Apple-II v.s. HiSOR EPU second order kicks (Elleaume, EPAC 1992):

7 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Radia Kick Map (Helical Mode) Apple-II HiSOR [Vertical Kick]

8 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Radia Kick Map (Helical Mode) Apple-II HiSOR [Horizontal Kick] More ellaborate trackings will be conducted

9 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES 3) 3 Pole Wiggler 16mm17.5mm Br=1.35T Permendur Center Pole Soft Iron (1006) Side Poles Rectangular Magnets S [mm] Requirements: More than 2 mrad of radiation fan above 1T field Use narrow gap dipole (35 mm Gap) chamber Fixed gap and removable from one side of the chamber Placed next to a BM  Cross talk issues are being investigated (3D model) Preliminary Magnetic Design

10 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES By, Angle, Trajectory Red lines show the fanning angle required by the users

11 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES 4) CPMU SPring-8 (Courtesy of T.Tanaka) ESRF (Elletra Workshop 06) Japanese/European Efforts on Cold Measurement System

12 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Our Approach Detachable system from side opening  Dedicated measurement chamber (SP8/ESRF) Adaptable positioning system using feed back from laser tracker for Hall probe Hope to adapt the stretched wire system design by ESRF Stable square shape pulse generator with a flat-top longer than 15msec has to be developed for pulsed wire measurement with 3.5m device

13 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES New Materials W. Swift and M. Mathur IEEE Trans. Mag. Vol.10, No.2 (1974) Crystalized Dysprosium Pole Very high saturation flux density ~ 3.5T  Vanadium permendur ~ 2.3T  Soft iron ~ 2.1T B [T] 3.0 H [10 5 A/m] Latest PrFeB Magnet New CR53 from Hitachi Metal Values at RT P-53CR (PrFeB) 42AH (NdFeB) Br [T] (Min) Hcb [kA/m] Hcj [kA/m] (BH)max [kJ/m3]349318

14 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES New In-vacuum Gap Separation Mechanism Linear motors drive the outer cage. Vacuum chamber Rail

15 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Impproved Cold Gas Refrigeration System Triple stage cryocoolers to cover wide temperature range Linear motor to pump the gas instead of compressed air activated cylinder It will be tested to cool down the LDRD funded HTS sextupole proto type (shown on the right)

16 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES 5) Superconducting Insertion Devices Low Temperature Superconducting Undulator/ Wiggler Test APC-NbTi wire Low Temperature Superconducting EPU Design study, especially winding technique High Temperature SC Devices Rapid conductor development in the industry New type such as coated conductor and thin film available  More design flexibility Once the conductor exceeds the necessary performance level, it will be very promising candidates for future IDs

17 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Insertion Device Laboratory Class Temperature Controlled Semi-Clean Room for IVU Measurement Metalic dust is very hard to remove after assembly. Prevent bugs from entering hard-to-reach area. 22 °C± 0.2 °C or tighter (Cf. LCLS MMF: 20 °C± 0.1 °C) Low vibration required by pulsed wire measurement Standard ID measurement setups 6-7 m Hall probe bench Stretched / pulsed wire system (3-4m) Cold Measurement Apparatus Dedicated cold measurement system with independent refrigerator Hall probe calibration setup in controlled temperature Winding Machines for SC device development CAD to CAM system for yoke fabrication

18 BROOKHAVEN SCIENCE ASSOCIATES Summary DW may require further refinement to reduce the impact on the ring. How much of the longitudinal harmonics can be tolerated? More rigorous trackings will determine optimal structure of EPU for NSLS-II. 3 pole wiggler will be conventional PM device, however; Magnetic interaction with adjacent magnets should be taken into account Residural dispersion due to asymmetric beta function at the location has be to minimized. Development of accurate cold field meamsurement system is essential for successful operation of CPMU. New materials to be developed for higher performance New gap separation mechanism to simplify the structure SC insertion devices planned for NSLS-II require further R&Ds. Undulator Laboratory must have state-of-the-art measurement system to be competitive for next 20 years of operation.