Math 15 – Elementary Statistics Sections 7.1 – 7.3 Probability – Who are the Frequentists?

Monte Hall – Paradox?

Flipping a Fair Coin DEFINITION: Fair Coin – Same number of heads as tails in the long run.

Simulations on the TI – 83/84 DEFINITION: A simulation is the imitation of random or chance behavior using random devices such as random number generators or a table of random numbers. The basic steps for finding a probability by simulation are as follows: Step 1: Specify a model for the individual outcomes of the underlying random phenomenon. Step 2: Outline how to simulate an individual outcome and how to represent a single repetition of the random process. Step 3: Simulate many repetitions, say, n times, determine the number of times x that the event occurred in the n repetitions, and estimate the probability of the event by its relative frequency, x>n.

Fair die? Suppose we wish to design a test to determine whether or not a particular die is fair. We will test the die by rolling it twice and adding the resulting number of pips.