 Lack of skills and capacity in government and communities to roll out interventions  Lack of understanding on how to finance technological interventions;  The need for project management skills;  Laborious and time consuming approval processes;  Supply chain and procurement constraints and slow downs; Land-use planning and zoning restrictions;  Lack of skills and capacity in government and communities to roll out interventions  The need for public private partnerships;  Lack of skills and capacity in government and communities to roll out interventions

 Saving electricity can lead to reduced revenue—Electricity sales provide a significant portion of revenue for many municipalities, which creates a disincentive for municipalities to implement RE and EE measures.  Restrictive Procurement Process—Municipalities must follow procurement processes as laid down in the MFMA, and as augmented by their own individual policies. Suppliers already engaged by municipalities under existing contracts may not offer energy efficient technologies, and the terms and conditions of their contracts cannot be changed unilaterally.  The MFMA processes for long term contracts with energy service providers are cumbersome—Section 33 of the Municipal Finance Management Act poses challenges to municipalities wishing to enter into contracts of longer than three years’ duration with energy service companies, which may need long term contractual commitment in order to recover capital investment and gain returns.  Lack of awareness of long term financial benefits— Municipal councillors and officials may be unaware of the long term financial benefits associated with RE and EE technologies, and the fact that long term energy savings often exceed up-front investment costs.

Chapter One: overview of climate change, key global energy challenges and how these challenges will affect South Africa. Chapter Two: energy security, baseline and projected figures on SA energy consumption, green-house gas emissions and projected energy price increases. Chapter Three: SA energy policies, legislation, regulations, and institutional arrangements associated with energy and future energy planning. Chapter Four: renewable energy and energy efficiency technologies available in South Africa and suitable for local application, and step-by- step guidance on how to develop local and provincial energy strategies. Chapter Five: financing mechanisms for RE/EE technologies, insight into why SA municipalities struggle to finance RE & EE initiatives and how they can address these challenges and a summary of existing modelling tools which can be used to model capital and running costs, technological interventions, and life cycle costing of these interventions.

 Training Workshops with energy experts from around the country from with an update on the book in 2015  Funded Training Programme linked to qualifications and degrees in RE

Thank You Lisa Thompson-Smeddle Director Sustainable Development Network