Incidence of Osteoporosis Estimated per year:

Characteristics of Osteoporosis: Low Bone Mass Fragile, deteriorated bones Increased risk for fracture

Location of Most Common Fractures: Wrist Spine Hip

Who Gets Osteoporosis? 50% of women over 50 90% of women over 75 risk factors: –lower body weight and muscle mass –early menopause –loss of periods for 3 months –no pregnancy 30% of men over 50 risk factors: –short stature – thin build –weak hip muscles –low testosterone Females: Males:

Other Risk Factors Caucasian or Asian Ethnicity Smoking and high coffee intake Low calcium and Vitamin D intake Inadequate or excessive exercise Depression Certain medications

Life Style Changes to Reduce Risk Weight-bearing exercise Exercise to improve balance Well lit rooms with no throw rugs or other obstructions that lead to falls Shoes with thinner, hard soles Regular eye check-ups

Medications for Osteoporosis Hormone Replacement Therapy Raloxifene Fosamax Calcitonin Parathyroid Hormone Shots Fluoride?

Calcium and Vitamin D Calcium Supplement mg/day, not to exceed 2400 mg Calcium Citrate- best absorbed Dietary Intake- most important in adolescents In addition, do not eat excesses of meat, fish or poultry Dietary Intake May Not Be Enough in Post Menopausal Women