CHEMICAL BONDS - Ionic Chapter 6

6.1 BONDING - journal 1. Begin filling in the table on the top of the Bonding Basics – Ionic Bonding Worksheet.

6.1 BONDING Chemical PROPERTIES depend on the number of valence electrons.

Therefore, chemical bonding and reactivity depend on an element’s electron configuration.

STABLE ELECTRON CONFIGURATION: Which group does this describe?

What do elements with UNSTABLE ELECTRON CONFIGURATIONS do?

They BOND and form compounds IONIC BONDING

IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable electron configuration through electron transfer Both Sodium and Chlorine are now STABLE in their highest energy levels

What types of elements are Sodium and Chlorine?

IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable electron configuration through electron transfer between a metal and a nonmetal.

IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable electron configuration through electron transfer between a metal and a nonmetal. When an atom gains or loses electrons, what does it get? A CHARGE.

IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable electron configuration through electron transfer between a metal and a nonmetal ION: An atom with a positive or negative CHARGE from electron transfer.

IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable electron configuration through electron transfer between a metal and a nonmetal In the bond, one becomes positive (loses electrons) and one becomes negative (gains electrons).

IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable electron configuration through electron transfer between a metal and a nonmetal Positive Ion (loses electrons): Cation Negative Ion (gains electrons): Anion

IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable electron configuration through electron transfer between a metal and a nonmetal WHAT DO OPPOSITE CHARGES DO?

IONIC BONDING – the forming of a stable electron configuration through electron transfer between a metal and a nonmetal ATTRACT. This is when the IONIC BOND forms.

HOW can you predict which elements will make positive cations and which will make negative anions?

6.1 IONIC BONDING Ionization Energy: the ability to PULL ON ELECTRONS. Which side has the MOST PULL? Which side GIVES UP electrons more easily? Look at “Data Analysis” at the top of page 160.

Ionization Energy: the ability to PULL ON ELECTRONS. Take out your Periodic Table. Predict the OXIDATION NUMBERS (charges) of the ions for A Groups

PROPERTIES OF IONIC COMPOUNDS 1. F orm between a metal and a nonmetal 2. B rittle/crystalline 3. H igh melting/boiling points 4. D issolve (ions come apart) in water & conduct electricity

6.1 IONIC BONDING NAMING IONIC COMPOUNDS 1. N aCl – Sodium Chloride 2. H F – Hydrogen Fluoride 3. M gI2 – Magnesium Iodide 4. K Br - ??? Potassium Bromide This is Binary Nomenclature Ionic Bonding Challenge

6.1 IONIC BONDING

6.1 IONIC BONDING – Journal 2 Ionization Energy: the ability to PULL ON ELECTRONS. FOLLOW THE DIRECTIONS AT THE TOP OF THE BLANK PERIODIC TABLE FROM THE BACK OF THE ROOM.

6.1 BONDING – Journal 2 Define ionic bond Define ionic bond Define ionization energy Define ionization energy Take out your Ionic Bonding basics worksheet and make sure you have a Lewis Dot for each element on the page, front and back Take out your Ionic Bonding basics worksheet and make sure you have a Lewis Dot for each element on the page, front and back Begin filling out the Covalent Bonding Basics Table Begin filling out the Covalent Bonding Basics Table

IONIC BONDING POLYATOMIC IONS Sometimes groups of atoms can have a positive or negative charge. COMMON POLYATOMIC IONS 1. N H4+ – Ammonium 2. N O3- – Nitrate 3. O H1- - Hydroxide 4. C O32- – Carbonate 5. S O42- - Sulfate 6. P O42- - Phosphate

6.1 IONIC BONDING NAMING COMPOUNDS WITH POLYATOMIC IONS 1. C aCO3 alcium carbonate 2. H NO3 1. H ydrogen nitrate (nitric acid) 3. N H4Cl 1. A mmonium chloride 4. N aOH 1. S odium hydroxide