Naming Ionic Compounds & Ions

Names  Why do we name ionic compounds & ions?  Universal names  Everyone on the same page

Ions  Oxidation # is the charge of the ion  2 types of ions…  Monoatomic Ion  Ion formed from a single atom  Na +, Cl -  Polyatomic Ion  Ion formed from a group of atoms  NH 4 +, CH 3 COO -

How do we name Ions?  Different for cations and anions 1.Cations (a.k.a.Positive Ions)  Name of atom followed by ion.  K + = Potassium Ion  Na + = Sodium Ion  Ca 2+ = calcium Ion 2.Anions (a.k.a. Negative Ions)  Drop the suffix and add “-ide” followed by ion  F - = Fluoride Ion  O 2- = Oxide Ion

Putting them together in an ionic compound…  Cation listed first, followed by the appropriately named anion.  NaCl = “Sodium chloride”  K 2 O = “Potassium oxide”

Compounds  Binary Compound  Compound made of 2 different elements ionically bonded.  Total electrical charge is neutral  +’s & -’s cancel each other

Chemical Formulas  Group of chemical symbols, superscripted and subscripted numbers  How do we write these???  Write the elements and their oxidation numbers as superscripts  Use subscripts to balance charges Mg 2+ Br -- + Mg 2 Br (1) Al 3+ O 2- + Al 3 O 2 Magnesium Bromide Aluminum Oxide

Comparing Molecules Molar Mass and Avogadro’s Number

Atomic Mass WWWWhat unit of measurement do we use????? AAAAtomic Mass Units: AMU CCCCompares quantities of mass to small to see. 1111 amu = g 1111.66 x 10-24g

Molar Mass  Finding mass of molecules?  Use atomic mass  Count atoms and add masses  C 6 H 12 O 6 (this is our trusty glucose molecule) CCCCCC CCCCCCHHHHHHHHHHHHOOOOOO

Finding Molar Mass  C 6 H 12 O 6  N 2 O amu’s amu’s

QUESTION!  Now that we can find the relative mass of a molecule, can we find the number of molecules in a certain amount of a substance?

Measurements  How many molecules are in g of C 6 H 12 O 6 ?  A mole  What is a mole?  Term to describe a certain number of items.

MOLE AAAAvogadro’s Number 666602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 6666.02 x 1023

Comparison Nampa Population 71,282 Idaho Population 1,293,593 U.S. Population 292,731,592 World population 6,252,380,471 Mole 602,000,000,000,000,000,000,000

Moles and AMU’s  Molar Mass of C 6 H 12 O 6 = amu  g of C 6 H 12 O 6 has 6.02 x molecules  #AMU’s  #Grams  1 Mole

Practice 10 lbs each 100 lbs each 20 lbs total 200 lbs total 2 cats Couple 110 lbs total

7 amu 10 amu 8 amu 6 amu 4 amu 10 amu25 amu

10 amu 25 amu 6.02 x = 10 grams = 25 grams

Practice  CO 2  C 6 H 12 O 6  H 2 O  CH 4   44 AMU   180 AMU   18 AMU   16 AMU Determine the atomic mass of the following molecules. Determine the atomic mass of the following molecules.

Activity: Formulas Lab  Use the sheet on page 8 of your packet  Get a sheet of ion tiles  Color the cations (+ ions) one color, color the anions (- ions) another color  Cut out the tiles  Combine them in ratios that match up the number of +’s and –’s  Write as many formulas as possible

Activity: Formulas Lab  Example:  Aluminum has a 3+ charge  You can combine it with 3 Chloride ions to form AlCl 3  or you can use a single Phosphate ion (PO 4 3- ) and make AlPO 4  Do this as many times as you can until you fill your lab sheet. There are about 60 combinations so go wild and see how many you can make.

Activity 1. A package has 60 eggs, how many dozen eggs are there? 2. A carton of 6 eggs is how many dozen? 3. How many molecules are in 18.02g of H 2 O? 4. How many molecules are in 216g of O 2 ? 5. How many molecules are in 19.48kg of NaCl? 6. If an amount of material contained 9.03 x molecules, how many moles would that be?