Develop Distributed Applications using.NET Remoting Kate Gregory Regional Director Gregory Consulting Limited

What we will cover  Introduction to.NET Remoting  Not Exhaustive  Compare to DCOM and Web Services  Configuring.NET Remote Applications  Hosting.NET Remote Applications  What about Indigo?

Who likes DCOM?  You know DCOM’s a pain if:  You've ever wanted to control the channel or format, or anything else about the DCOM messages.  You've ever wanted to trace or log DCOM messages.  You've wanted to easily use DCOM over the internet with a variety of clients.  You’ve ever wanted to quickly change configuration settings such as ports and channels.

Agenda  Architecture and Terminology  Web Services/DCOM Comparison  Server Activated Objects (SAO)  Client Activated Objects (CAO)  Configuration  Hosting  Futures

Architecture and Terminology Intro to Remoting  Communication between Application Domains  Usually Between Servers  Replacement for DCOM  Low Level Control

Architecture and Terminology Remoting Terminology  Application Domains  Channels  Formatters  Server Activated Objects (Wellknown)  Client Activated Objects

Architecture and Terminology Application Domains  Process Boundary  Provides Isolation  Provides Protection  Security

Architecture and Terminology Channels  Transport Data  Two Default Formats- or tcp://  - good for firewalls  Tcp:// - high speed, binary  Port Agnostic  Create Your Own

Architecture and Terminology Formatters  Turn Message Into Stream  Binary  Soap 1.1 Compliant

Architecture and Terminology.NET to Non-.NET  SOAP 1.1 Specification   Simple Datatypes  int  float  string

Architecture and Terminology.NET to.NET  Rich Functionality  Almost any CLS Object  DataSets  Hashtables  Custom Objects  Binary  Fast

Demo 1  Remoting Concepts

Agenda  Architecture and Terminology  Web Services/DCOM Comparison  Server Activated Objects (SAO)  Client Activated Objects (CAO)  Configuration  Hosting  Futures

Web Services   Web Services   Any Application   IIS   WinForm   Windows® Service   Console Application   Multiple Protocols     Tcp://   Custom   Binary or Soap   Only IIS   Only   WSDL   Remoting

DCOM   DCOM   Choose Protocol   Create Protocol   Firewall Friendly   Custom Ports   Define Protocol   Tighter Security   Custom   IIS   NT   RPC Protocol   Not Firewall Friendly   Pings for Lifetime   Remoting

Agenda  Architecture and Terminology  Web Services/DCOM Comparison  Server Activated Objects (SAO)  Client Activated Objects (CAO)  Configuration  Hosting  Futures

Server Activated Objects  Well-known  SingleCall  Singleton  Marshaling  Configuration

Server Activated Objects Well-Known  Client Must Know The Endpoint  Server Controls Object   RegisterWellKnownServiceType()

Server Activated Objects SingleCall  Object Created On Each Call  One Instance Per Client Request  No State  Server Farm Friendly  mode=“SingleCall”

Server Activated Objects Singleton  One Object On Server  Has Lifetime  Default 5 Minutes  Can Override  Shared Between Multiple Clients

Server Activated Objects Marshaling  Marshall by Value  Object Serialized  Attribute [Serializable]  Implement ISerializable  Marshall by Reference  Inherit System.MarshalByRefObject  Proxy Class

Server Activated Objects Server Configuration  Config file <wellknown mode=“SingleCall” or “Singleton” type=“type,assembly” objectUri=“myobject” />  Programmatic  Create Wellknown Type  Register

Demo 2  Single Call vs Singleton  State

Agenda  Architecture and Terminology  Web Services/DCOM Comparison  Server Activated Objects (SAO)  Client Activated Objects (CAO)  Configuration  Hosting  Futures

Client Activated Objects Client Activated Object (CAO)  Created by Calling Client  Client Controls Lifetime  Lease  State For Individual Client  Tracking Services

Client Activated Objects Client Activation  New()  Configuration File   Activator.CreateInstance()  Overloaded  Pass In Url, Assembly Attributes

Client Activated Objects Configuration Properties  Config file <activated type="type,assembly" />  Programmatic  UrlAttribute  Activator.CreateInstance

Client Activated Objects Lease  In DCOM – Ping  High Overhead  Not Suited for Internet  Remoting - Lease-based Mechanism  Set Default Lifetime (min, sec, etc..)  Sponsors Renew

Client Activated Objects Properties  Lease Time  Default 5 Minutes  Set 0 to Infinite  Sponsors  Listens from Server Application  GetLifeTimeService()  Renewal()

Client Activated Objects Tracking  Implement ITrackingHandler  DisconnectedObject ()  MarshaledObject ()  UnmarshaledObject ()  RegisterTrackingHandler( ITrackingHandler)

Demo 3  Client Activated Objects  Lease  State

Agenda  Architecture and Terminology  Web Services/DCOM Comparison  Server Activated Objects (SAO)  Client Activated Objects (CAO)  Configuration  Hosting  Futures

Configuration File Configuration  XML  Easy To Read  Easy To Modify  Simple To Code  No Need to Recompile

Configuration File Format

Configuration File - Well-known Objects <wellknown type=“Namespace.Class, Assembly” objectUri=“Data” mode=“Singleton” />

Configuration File - Client Activiated Objects

Configuration RemotingConfiguration Class  Configure(“configuration file”)  Method works for server and client configuration

Configuration Programmatic Configuration  Hide Property Information  Required Recompile  Dynamic  Easy To Deploy

Configuration Programmatic Configuration  Create Channel  Register Channel  Create Remote Object  Register Object with Remoting Configuration

Configuration Programmatic Configuration - Server ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(new HttpChannel(8080)); RemotingConfiguration. ApplicationName = "Data"; RemotingConfiguration. RegisterWellKnownServiceType( typeof(RemoteObject.DataAccess), "Data", WellKnownObjectMode.SingleCall);

Configuration Programmatic Configuration - Client ChannelServices.RegisterChannel(new TcpServerChannel( 6789 ) ); ActivatedServiceTypeEntry obj = new ActivatedServiceTypeEntry( "RemoteObject.DataAccess", "RemoteObject"); RemotingConfiguration. RegisterActivatedServiceType( obj );

Demo 4  Programmatic Configuration

Agenda  Architecture and Terminology  Web Services/DCOM Comparison  Server Activated Objects (SAO)  Client Activated Objects (CAO)  Configuration  Hosting  Futures

Hosting  Application  Console  Windows  Start and Stop by hand  Can display or control information  IIS  Windows Service

Demo 5  Hosting in IIS  Hosting in a Service

Agenda  Architecture and Terminology  Web Services/DCOM Comparison  Server Activated Objects (SAO)  Client Activated Objects (CAO)  Configuration  Hosting  Futures

Other Cool Remoting Tricks  Raise an event on the server  Handle it in a client  Pass a parameter to the handler by reference  Get a response from the client that the event was handled  Publish-subscribe: server does not managed list of clients

Web Services vs. Remoting  Web Services  XML (SOAP) interfaces to binary objects  Text-based; ideal for HTTP etc.  Standardized messaging protocol  Lightweight, easily deployable and accessible .NET Remoting  Binary proxy - stub model  Still SOAP 1.1 compatible  High performance  Binary streams, still configurable over HTTP channel  Proprietary .NET required at both ends for straightforward use

The (not so distant) future! Indigo

Secure, Reliable, Transacted Visual Studio.NET class HelloService { [WebMethod] public String Hello(String Greeting) { X509CertificateCollection collection = new X509CertificateCollection(); IntPtr blob = Marshal.AllocHGlobal(Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(CRYPTOAPI_BL OB))); IntPtr data = (IntPtr)((int)blob + Marshal.SizeOf(typeof(CRYPTOAPI_BLOB))); … SeqAckRange range = new SeqAcknRange(id, low, high ); SeqAckRange[] ranges = { range }; ReliableQueue.ProcessAcks( ranges ); … hr = pITxDispenser->BeginTransaction (NULL, ISOLATIONLEVEL_SERIALIZABLE, 0, pITxOptions, &pITransaction); … return Greeting; } 20,379 lines for security 5,988 lines for reliable messaging 25,507 lines for transactions Total count: 56,296 4,442 lines for infrastructure

class HelloService { [WebMethod] public String Hello(String Greeting) { foreach ( SecurityToken tok in requestContext.Security.Tokens { X509SecurityToken token = tok as X509SecurityToken } … SeqAckRange range = new SeqAcknRange(id, low, high ); SeqAckRange[] ranges = { range }; ReliableQueue.ProcessAcks( ranges ); … hr = pITxDispenser->BeginTransaction (NULL, ISOLATIONLEVEL_SERIALIZABLE, 0, pITxOptions, &pITransaction); … return Greeting; } Secure, Reliable, Transacted Web Service Enhancements 10 lines of security code 1,804 lines of reliable messaging code 25,507 lines of transaction code Total count: 27,321

[Confidentiality] [Reliability(Guarantees.ExactlyOnce | Guarantees.InOrder)] [Service] class HelloService { [TransactionCoupling( TransactionCouplingOptions.Required)] [ServiceMethod] String Hello(String Greeting) { return Greeting; } Secure, Reliable, Transacted Indigo 1 line of security code 1 line of reliable messaging code 1 line of transaction code Total count: 3

  Advanced web services   Secure, reliable, transacted   Heterogeneous interoperability   Powerful messaging capabilities   Programming model extends existing capabilities   Simplifies building services   Advanced web services   Secure, reliable, transacted   Heterogeneous interoperability   Powerful messaging capabilities   Programming model extends existing capabilities   Simplifies building services Windows Communication Code Named “Indigo” Network Class Library Internet Connection Firewall Demand Activation and Process Health - IIS PNRP Native WiFi TCP Listener SIP UDP Listener IPC Listener Network Services CLR Serialization Kernel Mode Framework Protocols Filter Engine TCP, UDP IPV4, IPV6 QOS IPSEC HTTP Listener IO Manager Device and File System Drivers … … … … Connector Communications Manager (Port) Transport Channels (IPC, HTTP, TCP…) Transport Channels (IPC, HTTP, TCP…) Channels (Datagram, Reliable, Peer, …) Policy Engine Message Encoder Channel Security Hosting Environments ASP.NET.container.exe NT Service DllHost Router Topic … … Transactions Federation … … Service Model Instance Manager Context Manager Type Integration Service Methods Declarative Behaviors Transacted Methods Queue Identity and Security System Identity and Security System Transactions Messaging Services System Services