ET 493 Senior Design Spring 2013 By: Justin Cifreo, Benjamin Gabriel, Nathan Taylor Instructor: Dr. Cris Koutsougeras Advisor: Dr. Junkun Ma Mechanical Engineering Technology Southeastern Louisiana University SOLAR POWERED HVAC SYSTEM

PURPOSE The objective of this project is to research and design a solar heating, ventilation, and cooling system that will reduce Southeastern Louisiana University’s energy consumption. 2

PROJECT SITE Future location of Southeastern’s Sustainability Center 3

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Overlay of System on Site 6

CURRENT CONDITION Present HVAC system in use 7

GREENHOUSES Currently use propane fueled convection heaters 8

CHALLENGES Heat Load Calculation Ventilation Flow Rates Chiller Size Availability Duct Design Control Design Unknowns 9

Solar Panels Selection Manufactured by Schuco Solar Thermal Panels Array of 5 Panels Mixture of Propylene 79.2% Efficiency Rating Glycol and Water 10

SOLAR ABSORPTION PANEL 11

COMSOL PROTOTYPE 12

SOLAR PANEL MOUNTING STRUCTURE 13

HEAT EXCHANGERS Manufactured by Schuco Plate-Style heat exchangers Transfer heat gathered by propylene glycol to water 14

HOT WATER STORAGE TANK Manufactured by Lochinvar 1,000 Gallon Capacity Provides latent heat storage 15

CHILLER CHARACTERISTICS Adsorption Silica gel Efficiency Operating Temperatures Operating Conditions 16

CHILLER CHARACTERISTICS cont. Environmentally friendly Temperature range Noise Small electricity consumption Durability Maintenance Lifespan 17

CHILLER EFFICIENCY 18

CHILLER SIZE 19

COOLING TOWER AND POND Utilization of a cooling tower with the adsorption chiller Assists in cooling process of the chiller condenser 20

EXTERIOR GEOTHERMAL HEAT SINK 21

HEAT LOSS Two types of building material Concrete Masonry Units (CMUs) Nominal size 16×8×8 inch Insulated Metal Panels (IMPs) 26 gauge metal Insulation 22

WALL AREA DIAGRAM U –values material 23

EXCEL SPREADSHEET CALCULATIONS 24

DUCTING DESIGN CFM Flow Rates Fluctuation Positive Negative 25

I/0 CONTROL LOGIC 26

OVERALL SYSTEM CONTROL 27

OVERALL SYSTEM CONTROL 28

OVERALL SYSTEM CONTROL 29

DELIVERABLES/ SOLUTIONS Researched existing solar heating and cooling systems on the market  Came up with a theoretical solar HVAC system schematic  Measure interior volumes of all facility spaces for heat load calculation  Measure area of exterior walls for heat values  Measure windows and doors for heat values  Log present and future equipment for heat gains  30

DELIVERABLES Cont.… Obtain heat load and flow rate equations  Make excel spreadsheet for heat load calculation and flow rate analysis  Research heat exchangers and design simple heat exchanger in COMSOL  Research duct flow rate calculation, material selection, and geometry specifications  Design and analyze simple solar heating panel in COMSOL  Design system control layout and flow charts for system  31

DELIVERABLES Cont.… Calculate U values for heat losses and gains through exterior walls # Calculate U values for students # Calculate U values for equipment and miscellaneous # Calculate total heat load for cooling # Calculate total cooling load for winter # Calculate positive and negative CFM rates for all rooms # Calculate and design ducting system # 32

DELIVERABLES Cont.… Calculate convection flow rate in green houses # Specify control components and locations according to specifications # Calculate total efficiency of system # Complete system specification # 33

TIMELINE 1/25 System introductory meeting with Mr. Byron Patterson and Dr. Junkun Ma, obtained floor plan and area measurements 1/28Solar HVAC systems researched 1/30 Researched different solar energy collector units, selected rough schematic system diagram 2/1 Collected height measurements at project site, calculated volumes for heat calculations 2/6Visio schematics constructed to present to Mr. Byron 2/7Meeting with Dr. Ma, discussed system components and operations of components 34

TIMELINECont. 2/27Brainstorming meeting Mr. Byron, Dr. Ma, Dr. Rode 3/6Biology building system walkthrough 3/8 Calculate total heat of each volume section, learn heat flow analysis, take pictures Biology Building 3/13Meet with Byron to solidify specifications 3/14Calculate and analyze individual system components 3/20Meet with Byron and Dr. Ma to get input and take next step in design 35

TIMELINECont. 3/27 Discussed back tracking, heat load and general duct work design 4/11 Researched duct work and sizing along with heat load factors 4/18Created excel spreadsheet 4/20Collected wall, window, and equipment loads 5/3Calculate Total Heat Load 5/10Set up Sensors ( Humidistat, Thermometer) 36

TIMELINECont. Summer/ Fall Obtain and Learn Manual J for heat load Summer/ Fall Obtain and Learn Manual S for equipment selection Summer/ Fall Obtain and Learn Manual D for duct design Summer/ Fall Obtain and Learn Manual T for duct design Summer/ Fall Analyze system design compared to available system components Summer/ Fall Control 37

REFERENCES 38 Engineeringtoolbox.com Modern Refrigeration and Air Conditioning 18 th edition Shuco USA Lochinvar Corporation Adsorptionchiller.com Manual J: Calculating Heat Losses, Manual 3, Sixth Edition

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