1 Digital Rights Management Dissenting Argument: Users of Digital Media should obey digital rights management systems to guarantee the integrity and protect creators of digital media. Presented by: Roy Kwon & Eric Overton

2 The Basics ● Important to remember exactly What Digital Media is...  Digital: Storing information as a string of digits – namely “1”s and “0”s (Kroll)  Digital Media: Digital media encompasses digital audio, digital video, the World Wide Web and other technologies that can be used to create and distribute digital “content” (Wiki)  Software: Coded instructions (algorithms) that make a computer do work. (Kroll)

3 Why is this Important? ● Digital Media is extremely sensitive ● Analog vs. Digital  Software is made up of algorithms the same way books are made up of words, or songs notes.  But we can see and hear the changes in a book or song. In a computer program it is possible to change small elements to get a “different” product from similar code.

4 Digital Rights ● Digital Rights Management: Any technology used to protect the interests of owners of content and services. Typically, authorized recipients or users must acquire a license in order to consume the protected material- files, music, movies- according to the rights or business rules set by the content owner. ● The Use of Digital Rights Management Systems insure the four prongs of fair use are followed.

5 Other Forms of Protection ● “Conduct that otherwise might involve infringement of a copyright may be regarded as permissible use under the concept of fair use. Under the circumstances of fair use, the conduct is excusable as being for certain educational, research, or scientific purposes or involving the minimizing of copying. (Silverman) ● Patent, Trademark, Copyright...Fair Use?

6 The Main Point is... ● Digital media: software, audio, video, graphics, etc... is a fast moving industry, in which ideas are already transferred very quickly. Without further protection, creators are forced to update their own work often, as well as compete with several similar products. ● Digital media is fairly easy to manipulate (copy, send, share, etc...)

7 Copyrights aren't enough ● Copyright infringement is easily broken and very hard to prosecute against. ● Further security is needed. ● Wide spread breaking of “minor” violations makes it harder to catch serious offenders. ● The argument of creativity.

8 Following Fair Rights isn't enough ● The arguments to bypass digital rights management systems do not insure creators that their rights are not violated. ● The effect upon the market. ● OpenOffice.org vs. Microsoft Office ● Restrictions may be inconvenient, but they are necessary since there is no way to discern between the users who intend to use the media in a malicious way or the typical Duke Student...

9 Is it really worth it? ● Duke Senior, Jordan Greene faced a $3M lawsuit for downloading music illegally. ● There are numerous legal alternatives. ● The cost of implementing Digital Rights Systems adds to the cost of Digital Media. The more users that circumvent these systems, the more creators must invest in more effective Digital Rights Systems- ultimately adding more to the cost of the media.

10 Works Cited: ● Kroll Ontrack Inc. Site Kroll On Track Computer Consulting. Accessed 13 Nov 2006< ● Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. 7 Nov Wikimedia Foundation, Inc. Accessed 13 Nov 2006 < ● Silverman, Arnold B. “Understanding Copyrights: A Glossary”. JOM: The Member Journal of TMS. 49 (10) pp. 47,48