Ions 11/3/2008 Use your periodic table to answer the following questions about Sodium (Na) and Chlorine (Cl): What is the atomic number? What is the atomic mass? How many protons do they have? How many electrons do they have? How many neutrons do they have?

Review Electrons Protons = electrons In an uncharged atom, the number of protons is equal to the number of ________________. Electrons An uncharged atoms has NO charge. Why? Protons = electrons

electrons Protons = electrons Ions 10/30/08 Uncharged Atoms NO charge (zero charge) In an uncharged atom, the number of protons is the same as the number of ____________. electrons An uncharged atom has NO charge. Why? Protons = electrons

Ions Electrons can be added or removed from an atom. If the number of electrons is not equal to the number of protons, the atom is no longer uncharged

Ions The ions of an element have an overall charge The number of protons does not equal the number of electrons Atomic number always tells us the number of protons The number of electrons is what changes

electrons Protons = electrons Ions 10/30/08 Uncharged Atoms NO charge (zero charge) In an uncharged atom, the number of protons is the same as the number of ____________. electrons An uncharged atom has NO charge. Why? Protons = electrons Ions Ions have an overall charge Protons  electrons # of protons = atomic number # of electrons changes

Ions Overall Charge = # protons - # electrons If an ion has more protons than electrons, the overall charge will be positive. If an ion has more electrons than protons, the overall charge will be negative.

electrons Protons = electrons Ions 10/30/08 Uncharged Atoms NO charge (zero charge) In an uncharged atom, the number of protons is the same as the number of ____________. electrons An uncharged atom has NO charge. Why? Protons = electrons Ions Ions have an overall charge Protons  electrons # of protons = atomic number # of electrons changes Overall Charge Overall charge = # protons - # electrons protons  electrons overall charge is positive protons  electron  overall charge is negative

electrons Protons = electrons Ions 10/30/08 Overall Charge Examples Ex. 1: If an atom has 18 protons, 18 neutrons, and 17 electrons, what will the overall charge be? In an uncharged atom, the number of protons is the same as the number of ____________. electrons An uncharged atom has NO charge. Why? Protons = electrons Overall charge = protons – electrons = 18p+ - 17e- = +1 Ex. 2: If an atom has 18 protons, 18 neutrons, and 19 electrons, what will the overall charge be? Overall charge = protons – electrons = 18p+ - 19e- = -1

electrons Protons = electrons Ions 10/30/08 Overall Charge Examples Ex. 3: If an atom has 18 protons, 18 neutrons, and 18 electrons, what will the overall charge be? In an uncharged atom, the number of protons is the same as the number of ____________. electrons An uncharged atom has NO charge. Why? Protons = electrons Overall charge = protons – electrons = 18p+ - 18e- = 0 NOT an ion (protons = electrons)

Ions are abbreviated with the element symbol and the charge. Ex. 1: An ion of Potassium (K) has a +1 charge: it is abbreviated as K+. Ex. 2: An ion of Iodine (I) has a -1 charge: it is abbreviated as

Ions are abbreviated with the element symbol and the charge. Ex. 1: An ion of Potassium (K) has a +1 charge: it is abbreviated as K+. Ex. 2: An ion of Iodine (I) has a -1 charge: it is abbreviated as I-

electrons Protons = electrons Ions 10/30/08 Overall Charge Examples Ex. 3: If an atom has 18 protons, 18 neutrons, and 18 electrons, what will the overall charge be? In an uncharged atom, the number of protons is the same as the number of ____________. electrons An uncharged atom has NO charge. Why? Protons = electrons Overall charge = protons – electrons Overall charge = 18p+ - 18e- Overall charge = 0 NOT an ion (protons = electrons) Symbols for ions Element symbol + charge Potassium (K) with a +1 charge = K+ Iodine (I) with a -1charge = I-

Ions An ion of Sulfur has a -2 charge: it is abbreviated as____.

Ions An ion of Sulfur has a -2 charge: it is abbreviated as S-2. An ion of Calcium has a +2 charge: it is abbreviated as _____

Ions An ion of Sulfur has a -2 charge: it is abbreviated as S-2. An ion of Calcium has a +2 charge: it is abbreviated as Ca+2

Calculating Subatomic Particles Atomic number = protons # Electrons = # Protons – Overall Charge

electrons Protons = electrons Ions 10/30/08 Examples Ex. 1: If an ion has an atomic number of 13, a mass number of 26, and an overall charge of +1, find the following information: In an uncharged atom, the number of protons is the same as the number of ____________. electrons An uncharged atom has NO charge. Why? Protons = electrons # Protons:

electrons Protons = electrons Ions 10/30/08 Examples Ex. 1: If an ion has an atomic number of 13, a mass number of 26, and an overall charge of +1, find the following information: In an uncharged atom, the number of protons is the same as the number of ____________. electrons An uncharged atom has NO charge. Why? Protons = electrons # Protons: 13 # Electrons:

electrons Protons = electrons Ions 10/30/08 Examples Ex. 1: If an ion has an atomic number of 13, a mass number of 26, and an overall charge of +1, find the following information: In an uncharged atom, the number of protons is the same as the number of ____________. electrons An uncharged atom has NO charge. Why? Protons = electrons # Protons: 13 # Electrons: # protons – charge 13 – (1) 12

electrons Protons = electrons Ions 10/30/08 Examples Ex. 1: If an ion has an atomic number of 13, a mass number of 26, and an overall charge of +1, find the following information: In an uncharged atom, the number of protons is the same as the number of ____________. electrons An uncharged atom has NO charge. Why? Protons = electrons # Protons: 13 # Electrons: # protons – charge 13 – (1) 12 # neutrons:

electrons Protons = electrons Ions 10/30/08 Examples Ex. 1: If an ion has an atomic number of 13, a mass number of 26, and an overall charge of +1, find the following information: In an uncharged atom, the number of protons is the same as the number of ____________. electrons An uncharged atom has NO charge. Why? Protons = electrons # Protons: 13 # Electrons: # protons – charge 13 – (1) 12 # neutrons: mass # - # protons 26 – 13 13

Examples (Left Page) Ex. 2: If an ion has an atomic number of 13, a mass number of 26, and an overall charge of -2, find the following information: # Protons: # Electrons: # Neutrons:

Examples (Left Page) Ex. 2: If an ion has an atomic number of 13, a mass number of 26, and an overall charge of -2, find the following information: # Protons: 13 # Electrons: # Neutrons:

Examples (Left Page) Ex. 2: If an ion has an atomic number of 13, a mass number of 26, and an overall charge of -2, find the following information: # Protons: 13 # Electrons: 15 # Neutrons:

Examples (Left Page) Ex. 2: If an ion has an atomic number of 13, a mass number of 26, and an overall charge of -2, find the following information: # Protons: 13 # Electrons: 15 # Neutrons: 13

Examples (Left Page) Ex. 2: If an ion has an atomic number of 13, a mass number of 26, and an overall charge of -2, find the following information: # Protons: 13 # Electrons: 15 # Neutrons: 13 Ex. 3: If an ion has an atomic number of 13, a mass number of 26, and an overall charge of -1, find the following information: # Protons: # Electrons: # Neutrons:

Examples (Left Page) Ex. 2: If an ion has an atomic number of 13, a mass number of 26, and an overall charge of -2, find the following information: # Protons: 13 # Electrons: 15 # Neutrons: 13 Ex. 3: If an ion has an atomic number of 13, a mass number of 26, and an overall charge of -1, find the following information: # Electrons: # Neutrons:

Examples (Left Page) Ex. 2: If an ion has an atomic number of 13, a mass number of 26, and an overall charge of -2, find the following information: # Protons: 13 # Electrons: 15 # Neutrons: 13 Ex. 3: If an ion has an atomic number of 13, a mass number of 26, and an overall charge of -1, find the following information: # Electrons: 14 # Neutrons:

Examples (Left Page) Ex. 2: If an ion has an atomic number of 13, a mass number of 26, and an overall charge of -2, find the following information: # Protons: 13 # Electrons: 15 # Neutrons: 13 Ex. 3: If an ion has an atomic number of 13, a mass number of 26, and an overall charge of -1, find the following information: # Electrons: 14

Examples (Left Page) Ex. 4: Using your periodic table, find the following information for K+: Atomic #: Overall Charge: # p+: #e-: # n0: Mass #:

Examples (Left Page) Ex. 4: Using your periodic table, find the following information for K+: Atomic #: 19 Overall Charge: # p+: #e-: # n0: Mass #:

Examples (Left Page) Ex. 4: Using your periodic table, find the following information for K+: Atomic #: 19 Overall Charge: +1 # p+: #e-: # n0: Mass #:

Examples (Left Page) Ex. 4: Using your periodic table, find the following information for K+: Atomic #: 19 Overall Charge: +1 # p+: 19 #e-: # n0: Mass #:

Examples (Left Page) Ex. 4: Using your periodic table, find the following information for K+: Atomic #: 19 Overall Charge: +1 # p+: 19 #e-: 18 # n0: Mass #:

Examples (Left Page) Ex. 4: Using your periodic table, find the following information for K+: Atomic #: 19 Overall Charge: +1 # p+: 19 #e-: 18 # n0: 20 Mass #:

Examples (Left Page) Ex. 4: Using your periodic table, find the following information for K+: Atomic #: 19 Overall Charge: +1 # p+: 19 #e-: 18 # n0: 20 Mass #: 39

Examples (Left Page) Using your periodic table, find the following information for S2-: Atomic #: Overall Charge: # p+: #e-: # n0: Mass #:

Examples (Left Page) Using your periodic table, find the following information for S2-: Atomic #: 16 Overall Charge: # p+: #e-: # n0: Mass #:

Examples (Left Page) Using your periodic table, find the following information for S2-: Atomic #: 16 Overall Charge: -2 # p+: #e-: # n0: Mass #:

Examples (Left Page) Using your periodic table, find the following information for S2-: Atomic #: 16 Overall Charge: -2 # p+: 16 #e-: # n0: Mass #:

Examples (Left Page) Using your periodic table, find the following information for S2-: Atomic #: 16 Overall Charge: -2 # p+: 16 #e-: 18 # n0: Mass #:

Examples (Left Page) Using your periodic table, find the following information for S2-: Atomic #: 16 Overall Charge: -2 # p+: 16 #e-: 18 # n0: 16 Mass #:

Examples (Left Page) Using your periodic table, find the following information for S2-: Atomic #: 16 Overall Charge: -2 # p+: 16 #e-: 18 # n0: 16 Mass #: 32

SUMMARY Take 3 minutes to write a summary of today’s notes (I will be stamping). Work on your HW Packet – ions section!