HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert Page 1 September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Marrying a Job Ticket to a Page Description Language Steve Hiebert Software Design Engineer Hewlett-Packard Company

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 2 motivation JDF is a job ticketing and workflow description language that is gaining rapid acceptance in the commercial and enterprise printing arena. JDF has an active body, CIP4, working on maintaining and improving the language over time. PPML is a page description language (PDL) targeted at variable data printing jobs and maximizing the re-use of assets to minimize transport and printing costs. JDF is, for the most part, PDL agnostic. PPML is, for the most part, job ticket agnostic. They each do their own job and have avoided cluttering their vocabulary with elements from the others domain. As such, integration of these two XML vocabularies to allow cooperation and interoperation would seem to be a marriage made in heaven.

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 3 topics to be covered PPML Origins Basic Structure JDF Origins Basic Structure Process types considered IDPrinting Combined process Resource modifications, issues and solutions Variable Data Printing Partitioning Resource updates Resource modification from the data stream TICKET_REF TICKET

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 4 origins of PPML Personalized Print Markup Language PODi – Print On Demand initiative PPML conceived: March, 1999 PPML project initiated: April, 1999 Versions Version 1.0: March, 2000 Version 1.5: May, 2001 Version 2.0: April, 2002 Version 2.1: July, 2002

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 5 PPML Page Description Language (PDL) Specifies how to manipulate and arrange images on a page XML based Mostly hierarchical Content format agnostic PDF TIFF PostScript SVG XSL/FO Etc.

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 6 basic structure of PPML

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 7 origins of JDF Job Definition Format Describes prepress, press and post-press processes Built upon PPF (CIP3) and PJTF (Adobe) CIP4 – Cooperation for the Integration of Processes in Prepress, Press and Post-press JDF initiated: late 1999 Versions: Version 1.0: April, 2001 Version 1.1: April, 2002 Version 1.1 Revision A: September 2002

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 8 JDF Job Ticketing and Workflow Language XML based Hierarchy of processes Web of resources PDL agnostic PDF PPML Etc.

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 9 basic structure of JDF

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 10 choosing a JDF process model IDPrinting Pro: close mapping to Internet Printing Protocol (IPP) Con: resource model different from typical JDF –Many resources referred to directly –The missing link Combined Process Follows existing JDF model –Resource/ResourceLink Divide and conquer –Mix and match processes –Model a wider variety of print workflows –Scalable and extensible Tightly coupled processes –Inner inputs and outputs implied

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 11 IDPrinting Integrated Digital Printing Designed with IPP in mind Interpreting + Rendering + Screening + DigitalPrinting Input Resources mapping to IPP Appendix F of JDF Specification details mapping IDPrintingParams –Several sub-elements and references Media Runlist

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 12 IDPrinting Other Input Resources ColorantControl Component (Cover, Input, Proof) ExposedMedia FontPolicy InterpretingParams RenderingParams ScreeningParams TransferFunctionControl

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 13 attributes-natural-lang ipp-attribute-fidelity job-priority output-bin page-delivery print-quality sheet-collate AttributesNaturalLang IDPAttributeFidelity IPPJobPriority OutputBin PageDelivery PrintQuality SheetCollate IDPrintingParamsIPP comparing IPP to IDPrintingParams

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 14 sub-elements of IDPrintingParams Cover IDPFinishing, IDPLayout, MediaIntent, MediaSource IDPFinishing IDPFolding, IDPHolemaking, IDPStitching, IDPTrimming –IDPHolemaking contains or refers to HoleMakingParams IDPLayout Very simple layout JobSheet IDPFinishing, IDPLayout, MediaIntent, MediaSource MediaIntent Linked to Product nodes, referenced by IDPrintingParams MediaSource

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 15 but … From the JDF Specification: Controls for IDPrinting are provided in the IDPrintingParams resource. These controls are somewhat limited in their scope. If greater control over various aspects of the printing process is required, IDPrinting should not be used.

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 16 JDF Combined process From the JDF Specification: For example, a digital printer may be able to execute the Interpreting, Rendering, and DigitalPrinting processes. To accommodate such devices, JDF allows processes to be grouped within a node whose Type = Combined

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 17 A Combined process node JDF Node Type="Combined" Types="list of processes making up combined node" Ordering is significant May repeat, e.g., Types="Trimming Folding Trimming" Resource and ResourceLink pools are merged Links specify the target process(es) All resources must be available/complete to start Input and Output resources of inner processes are implied

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 18 processes to model a digital print workflow – mix and match LayoutPreparation Imposition Interpreting Rendering Screening DigitalPrinting Stitching Folding Trimming HoleMaking

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 19 JDF Combined process assumptions The processes in a combined process are tightly coupled. The processes in a combined process have knowledge of one another. The processes in a combined process can inform each other about values obtained from their resources.

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 20 A JDF Combined Process Node

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 21 Combined process example …

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 22 modifying resources at runtime Traditional challenges Challenges added by Variable Data Printing (VDP) Traditional JDF Partitioning Part Features added to JDF for VDP Resource updates

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 23 traditional challenges Repetitive processes applied to similar but different entities Files Sheets Surfaces Separations Concise representation Avoid multiple Nodes of same process each with its own resources Avoid repeating the common portions of resource definitions

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 24 variable data printing challenges Database driven Text Images Media! Etc. Streams, in particular transactional processing A job without end

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 25 varying resources - traditional Partitions Nested resources with selection criteria –E.g., a Media resource may contain 0 or more Media resources –Outer resource is root –Inner resources are leaves –Inner resources may nest PartIDKeys in root –Define selection types –Enumeration, defined for each partitionable resource PartIDKeys in leaves –Each key becomes an attribute name –Define values for those types –Based on up front knowledge –Assumes an algorithm to select –Algorithm becomes value of attribute

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 26 possible PartIDKeys values (1 or more) BlockName DocCopies DocIndex DocRunIndex DocSheetIndex FountainNumber LayerIDs Location Option PageNumber PartVersion PreviewType RibbonName Run RunIndex RunTags RunPage Separation SetIndex SheetIndex SheetName Side SignatureName TileID WebName

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 27 partitioning a RunList (JDF 1.1 specification excerpts) RunList RunList resources describe an ordered set of LayoutElement or ByteMap elements. Ordering and structure are defined using the generic partitioning mechanisms as described in Description of Partitionable Resources. … Resource Properties Resource class:Parameter Resource referenced by:- Partition:DocIndex, PartVersion, Run, RunPage, Separation Input of processes:RunLists are used as input resources by most processes that act on content data Output of processes:RunLists are used as output resources by most processes that act on content data Table 3.25 Contents of the Part element Run The Run attribute selects a set of partitioned RunList elements from a RunList resource.

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 28 a partitioned RunList

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 29 referencing a partitioned RunList Explicit references to partitions Implicit reference to partitions

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 30 varying resources - VDP Respond to non-algorithmic events Three attempts Direct setting of resource value –Causes addressing problems (nested resources) –Uncontrolled, anything can happen Update messages –Double indirection to ease addressing problems –Address the message by ID –ID of receiving process in the message –Allowable messages listed in UpdateMessagePool Update resources –One level of addressing –Allowable updates contained within the resource itself –Very clear which update goes with which resource –Very clear what updates may happen to a resource

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 31 resource updates Available for all process input resources Resource Update named after containing resource with "Update" appended E.g., DigitalPrintingParams may contain 0 or more DigitalPrintingParamsUpdate elements Update has same content and attributes as parent All attributes and content are optional in Update Update does not inherit from parent Updates set processor state

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 32 a resource with updates <DigitalPrintingParams ID="InitialDigitalPrintingParams" Class="Parameter" Status="Available" Collate="None"> Note: all IDs must be unique

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 33 activating a resource update PPML TICKET_REF –Placed within PPML data stream –May occur before or within a PPML construct –An update, once activated, remains in effect until overridden or out of scope –Activates a resource update –Address outer (containing) resource to reset to initial state TICKET –Placed at start of PPML data stream –Contains or refers to job ticket –May or may not be JDF

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 34 activating a resource update with TICKET_REF May occur within: PPML DOCUMENT_SET DOCUMENT PAGE MARK REUSABLE_OBJECT, OCCURRENCE_LIST No content Single attribute: ExtRefID Updates processor state

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 35 resource update before

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 36 resource update within

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 37 PPML TICKET May contain or refer to the JDF job ticket INTERNAL_DATA EXTERNAL_DATA Format attribute E.g., application/vnd.cip4-jdf+xml –Not yet registered with the IANA –+xml described in IETF RFC 3023 –

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 38 job ticket embedded in PPML......

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 39 job ticket referenced from PPML

HP Digital Publishing Solutions Steve Hiebert September 11, 2002 Integrating JDF and PPML Page 40 for further reading JDF 1.1a Specification PPML 2.1 Specification (on request) PPML Job Ticket 1.1 Specification (on request) Internet Printing Protocol (IPP)