Oxidative Phosphorylation Part 2 Chapter 19

Oxidative Phosphorylation Part 2 Key Topics: To Know 1.How cells deal with reactive oxygen species (ROS). 2.Calculating ΔG o ’ of the Proton Motive Force. 3.Membrane ATPase and how it works. 4.Cytoplasmic NADH getting into the mitochondria. 5. Adenylate Control. 6. Mitochondia and apoptosis. 7.PMF can be used to ?

ROS : Reactive Oxygen Species

ΔG of the Proton Motive Force

Nobel Prize for Chemiosmotic Model = PMF

Converting PMF to ATP

Mitochondrial Respiration+Phosphorylation EOC Problem 9: Compartmentalization of Citric Acid Cycle.

Adjusting the pH Generates ATP

Molecules that Collapse the PMF

DNP is an Uncoupler EOC Problem 6: Figuring out what happens with uncouplers.

Odorous Flowers that Heat Up Using Uncoupled Respiration

Worked out F 1 ATPase kinetic mechanism + First purified the FoF 1 ATPase

ATP Synthase

ATP Synthase Catalyzes by Steps

F 1 F o ATP synthase

F 1 Complex

Used to Inhibit ATP Synthase Reaction

F1 ATPase Spinning

ATP Synthase Seen Rotating !

ATP Synthase Substrate Transport ADP and Pi are products of Anabolism EOC Problem 11 is the effect of ADP and Pi on ATP Synthesis. Get Ready, NADH formed in Cytoplasm in Next

Glycolysis NADH Enters the Mitochondria by the Malate Aspartate Shuttle

NADH from Glycolysis Can Also Get in by Glycerol Phosphate DH Also has a Anabolic Role

EOC Problems 13 and 14: Get in to the Pasteur Effect and “Petites” in Yeast Colonies. Fun stuff.

Adenylate Control of Glycolysis/CAC/e-transport 1.Acceptor Control: availability of ADP + Pi 2.Mass action ratio: [ATP]/([ADP] [Pi]) EOC Problem 17 Gets into the rate of ATP turnover in heart muscle…the muscle that always has to be “on”. EOC Problem 18 Gets into the same in insect flight muscle.

Inhibitory Protein IF 1 Stops Loss of ATP During Ischemia that is Hypoxia IF (red and white) forms dimers at pH 6.5 to Stop Rotation of ATP Synthase

Thermogenin – Protein Uncoupler in Brown Fat

Mitochondria in Adrenal Gland: P-450 Oxygenases Specialized for Steroid Synthesis

Electron Flow to P-450

Apoptosis is Regulated by the Mitochondria Initiates a series of proteasess Stress, Damage EOC Problem 19: relates mitochondrial function to cancer. Hint think about the first couple of slides.

Escherichia coli Electron Transport

Bacterial Quinone

Bacteria Use the PMF to Rotate Their Flagella

Proton Motive Force Functions To 1.Synthesize ATP (from ADP + Pi). 2.Active Transport (Symports, Antiports, Uniports; review Chapter 11). 3.Rotate Bacterial Flagella. 4.Reversed Electron Transport (some Photosynthetic and Chemoautotrophic Bacteria)

Things to Know and Do Before Class 1.How cells deal with reactive oxygen species (ROS). 2.Calculating ΔG o ’ of the Proton Motive Force. 3.Membrane ATPase and how it works. 4.Cytoplasmic NADH getting into the mitochondria. 5. Adenylate Control. 6.Mitochondria and apoptosis. 7. PMF can be used to ? 8. EOC Problems: 6, 9, 11,13,14, 17, 18, 19.