Looking for Bad Guys....

Scanning Definition: Scanning is very high-speed reading for a specific piece of information – an answer to a question, a name, a fact, a number, etc. How to scan: When you scan, you have a question in mind. You do not read every word, only key words that will answer your question. Practice in scanning will help you learn to skip over unimportant words so that you can read faster.

Example Dear Joan, I’m sorry not to have written sooner. I have been very busy since I ......1..... back from vacation. There has been so .......2..... to do at work lately! Almost every .......3...... I have to stay late. I’ve even .......4...... going in to the office on Saturdays, ......5...... . I’ve had no time to relax at ......6...... either. Every free moment has been taken .......7...... by work on the house. The roof .......8..... in very bad condition after the big .......9....... . If I’d known how busy I’d be ......10....... work. I might have waited. Anyway, it’s .......11....... finished now. So at last I can .......12...... you to come over some weekend with .......13...... family. We could all take a walk ......14...... Mount Grey. Judy sends her love. We .......15....... to see you all soon. Love, George

Questions 1. Why has George not written sooner? He’s not written sooner because .............................................. 2. What has he been doing in his free time? In his free time, he ...................................................................... 3. What does George suggest to Joan? He suggests to Joan that ........................................................... What are the missing words? Guess and write only one word in each blank. 1. .................... 2. ..................... 3. ..................... 4. .................... 5. ..................... 6. ..................... 7. .................... 8. ..................... 9. ..................... 10. .................... 11. ..................... 12. ..................... 13. .................... 14. ..................... 15. .....................

Answer Key: Scanning Answer: near downtown Tampa Keywords: Ybor, capital letters Lines: 50-52 Answer: 2001 Keywords: numbers, 2001, Super Bowl Lines: 2 Answer: a football-related exhibition Keywords: capital letters, NFL Experience Lines: 18 Answer: a society where authorities spy on people Keywords: quotation marks, capital letter, society Lines: 33-34

Word level: Step 1 Different meaning from the others some data involving Undertaking inside Justifiably modifies

Word level: meaning data (n.) = information usually in the form of facts or statistics device (count n.) = an object made for a particular purpose equipment (non-count n.) = things needed for a particular purpose machine (count n.) = a piece of equipment for a particular purpose

Word level: meaning involve (v.) = concern; affect watch (v.) = check or look at carefully monitor (v.) = check carefully guard (v.) = watch carefully

Word level: meaning undertake (v.) = start doing a job with responsibility anticipate (v.) = expect what will happen predict (v.) = say what will happen foresee (v.) = believe what will happen

Word level: meaning justifiably (adv.) = acceptably because of having a good reason consequently (adv.) = having as a result of something therefore (adv.) = happening as a result of something as a result (adv.) = so; therefore; consequently

Word level: meaning modify (v.) = change slightly often for improvement analyze / analyse (v.) = examine something in order to understand it or find out what it consists of examine (v.) = consider something carefully inspect (v.) = examine something carefully

Sentence level: words It involved scanning faces in a large crowd. It might be there because of that person’s involvement in a crime. Places where the security of people or their possessions are involved. Because it involves measuring part of a living person. It was modified to directly involve the Tampa police database with images recorded by surveillance cameras.

Sentence level: words 1. Critics justifiably question the accuracy of face-recognition technology. 2. The consequence of one study on FR tech was that its findings created controversy within the security industry. 3. People setting up FR systems can’t anticipate changes in a person’s face. 4. The software is continually being modified, but it is still confused by image changes.

Sentence level: words 5. As a consequence of long experience recognizing faces, humans are not confused by even large changes in appearance. 6. As we really justified in spending a lot of money on FR systems when humans are available to do the job better. 7. Most technicians say that creating FR systems does not make sense when they anticipate the problems that might be involved in the process.

Sentence level: words 8. It is important to consider the consequences that a person’s emotions or physical state might have on his or her reliability on an FR task. 9. Although automatic FR systems are controversial, they are still more reliable than people, so modifications should continue to be made to them so that they can be used better.

Questions to be answered Whose pictures were taken at the Super Bowl in Tampa, Florida? What was used for taking these photos? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- On what purpose are the pictures taken at a big sporting event? What advantage does the tiny camera have? What happens after the photos of a huge fan taken? What was the NFL Experience?

Questions to be answered 7. What benefit if the fan’s picture matched with the one in the database? ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- 8. Do all people accept being taken pictured without asking for a permission? If not, why? 9. What is considered by some people about the FR technology? 10. What will happen when the FR technology does on an innocent person? 11. Why does the “Big Brother” society cause anger to many people?

Questions to be answered 12. Who sees the FR technology a good system? 13. What reaction do security officials have on people who act against the FR system? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 14. What makes a difference about the “biometric” technology? 15. What does the “biometric” system undertake? 16. Are the face-recognition and the biometric systems alike? If not, how?

Questions to be answered 17. Where are the biometric cameras installed? 18. What advantage does the biometric system have on the police? ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 19. What improvement happened to the FR system at Tampa? 20. Who analyzed the incident the FR system took? 21. Who identified the incident the biometric system took?

Questions to be answered 22. What is seen by supporters of the biometric system? 23. What is said by opponents of the biometric system? 24. Who are best at remembering individuals in the opponents’ eyes?

The Weather Goes to Court

Words to know witness (n.) = someone who appears in court to say what they know about a crime testified (v.) = made a statement in a court of law defendant (n.) = a person who is accused of a crime confess (v.) = admit that you have committed a crime jacked (v.) = put up

Words to know overhear (v.) = hear what someone is saying prosecutor (n.) = a lawyer or official who brings charges against someone or tries to prove in a trial that they are guilty defense attorney (n.) = a lawyer who tries to protect someone in a court of law turn (n.) = a chance to do something after other people have done it strategy (n.) = a plan

Words to know jury (n.) = a group of people in a court of law who listen to the facts about a crime and decide whether the person accused is guilty or not meteorologist (n.) = a weather expert stated (v.) = said visibility (n.) = how far and how clearly you can see in particular weather conditions previous (adj.) = that occurred before

Words to know exhibits (v.) = shows; demonstrates meteorology (n.) = the study of the Earth’s atmosphere that causes weather conditions forensic (adj.) = scientifically examined to discover information about a crime disputes (n.) = disagreements anthropology (n.) = the study of people, society, and culture zoology (n.) = the study of animals

Words to know contribute (v.) = be one of the causes rather than = what is not done forecast (n.) = prediction (ตรงข้าม backcast) backcasts (n.) = thought about things in the past or attempt to remember them phenomena (n.) = happenings precipitation (n.) = moisture from the air that falls to the ground, e.g. rain or snow available (adj.) = obtainable

Words to know inhabited place (v.) = a living place inauguration (n.) = an admission to office orient (v.) = learn and prepare to deal with something circumstances (n.) = conditions interpreting (v.) = deciding what it means or is significant scattered (v.) = spread all over the area coherent (adj.) = clear and easy to understand; unified; integrated

Words to know section (n.) = part; area flattened (v.) = made flatter hail (n.) = tiny balls of ice that fall from the sky blames (v.) = says that something or someone is responsible for something disputes (v.) = disagrees or denies core (n. ) = a central or most important part argument (n.) = dispute

Words to know claim (n.) = a demand for something prospect (n.) = a possibility; an expectation; a hope of success sophisticated (adj.) = elaborate; advanced updrafts (n.) = the wind that moves bottom- up interval (n.) = a period of time character (n.) = characteristics; qualities evidence (n.) = proof; indication

Words to know judge (n.) = the person in a court of law who decides how the law should be applied reinforced (v.) = strengthened; made stronger burst (n.) = outbreak; explosion eventually (adv.) = finally rules (v.) = gives an official decision about something precise (adj.) = correct and exact

Words to know affordable (adj.) = able to pay for it entrepreneur (n.) = a person who sets up businesses ensures (v.) = makes sure / certain license (v.) = give official permission to do something route (n.) = a way certified (v.) = declared formally that it is true credential (n.) = testimonial (หนังสือรับรอง) demonstrated (v.) = shown; exhibited

Word level: Step 1 A different meaning from the other threes 1. extremes 2. routes 3. strategy 4. orient 5. reinforce 6. engaging 7. indicate 8. energized

Word level: meaning extremes (n.) = great intense events (n.) = happenings phenomena (n.) = happenings happenings (n.) = events; phenomena routes (n.) = ways; paths cores (n.) = samples (n.) = specimens

Word level: meaning strategy (n.) = a plan of action period (n.) = interval (n.) = time (n.) orient (v.) = learn and prepare to deal with something exhibit (v.) = display (v.) = show (v.)

Word level: meaning engaging (adj.) = attractive; charming unified (adj.) = joined or fit together coherent (adj.) = joined or fit together integrated (adj.) = linked or joined together indicate (v.) = show reinforce (v.) = confirm (v.) = strengthen (v.)

Word level: meaning reinforce (v.) = strengthen; confirm assist (v.) = aid (v.) = help (v.) energized (v.) = gave energy or power ensured (v.) = guaranteed (v.) = made it certain

Sentence level: words (D) 1. The witness said she saw the defendant gesturing energetically. 2. The witness probably did not hear the defendant because the sound energy would not have reached her ears. 3. The farmer decided to take the insurance company to court because their denial of his claim energized him to take some action.

Sentence level: words 4. Hail damages to the hood of a car but not the tires because the energy from the falling hail is directed from above, not from the sides. 5. Any energetic entrepreneur can become a forensic meteorologist. 6. In order to be certified, a meteorologist should understand the energy of different weather phenomena.

Word form chart (E) 1. The coherence between lightning and the emission of high-energy gamma rays will be the result of all the separate pieces of data. 2. The high-energy phenomena in space causes emissions of gamma rays. 3. That gamma rays that exhibited signs of originating near Earth’s surface was special about the gamma rays found in 1994.

Word form chart (E) 4. Duke got the money and resources to pursue their research with the assistance of the National Science Foundation. 5. The scientists are examining thunderclouds by looking at different sections of thunderclouds. 6. Scientists wouldn’t be able to find TGFs (terrestrial gamma-ray flashes) in Canada because they depend on atmospheric phenomena found only in the tropics.