The Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) Inhibitor Ibrutinib (PCI-32765) Promotes High Response Rate, Durable Remissions, and is Tolerable in Treatment- Naïve.

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Presentation transcript:

The Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) Inhibitor Ibrutinib (PCI-32765) Promotes High Response Rate, Durable Remissions, and is Tolerable in Treatment- Naïve (TN) and Relapsed or Refractory (RR) Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) or Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma (SLL) Patients Including Patients with High-Risk (HR) Disease: New and Updated Results of 116 Patients in a Phase Ib/II Study 1 The Btk Inhibitor Ibrutinib in Combination with Rituximab (iR) is Well Tolerated and Displays Profound Activity in High-Risk Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) Patients 2 1 Byrd JC et al. Proc ASH 2012;Abstract Burger JA et al. Proc ASH 2012;Abstract 187.

The Bruton’s Tyrosine Kinase (BTK) Inhibitor Ibrutinib (PCI-32765) Promotes High Response Rate, Durable Remissions, and is Tolerable in Treatment-Naïve (TN) and Relapsed or Refractory (RR) Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) or Small Lymphocytic Lymphoma (SLL) Patients Including Patients with High-Risk (HR) Disease: New and Updated Results of 116 Patients in a Phase Ib/II Study Byrd JC et al. Proc ASH 2012;Abstract 189.

Background Although fludarabine-based chemoimmunotherapy (CIT) is effective, it is not well tolerated by elderly patients (pts) and nearly all patients experience relapse after fludarabine- based CIT. Ibrutinib is an oral inhibitor of BTK, an essential mediator of B-cell receptor signaling, that promotes apoptosis and inhibits proliferation, migration and adhesion in CLL cells (Blood 2012;119:1182). Recent Phase I study results with ibrutinib demonstrated high response rates in pts with RR B-cell lymphoma and CLL (J Clin Oncol 2013;31:88). Study objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ibrutinib monotherapy at 2 different doses for patients with TN and RR CLL or SLL. Byrd JC et al. Proc ASH 2012;Abstract 189.

Phase Ib/II Trial Design Eligibility (n = 116)* TN CLL/SLL (≥65 years) RR CLL/SLL (≥2 prior therapies, including a purine analog) High-risk CLL/SLL: Relapse ≤2 y after CIT or del 17p Primary endpoint: Safety Secondary endpoints: Efficacy, pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) analysis and long-term safety 420 mg/d ibrutinib (n = 77) Byrd JC et al. Proc ASH 2012;Abstract mg/d ibrutinib (n = 39) * Patients were divided into 5 cohorts between the 2 dosing regimens.

Patient Cohorts (Abstract Only) CohortPopulation with CLL/SLL Dosen 1Relapsed or refractory420 mg/d27 2TN (≥65 years)420 mg/d26 3Relapsed or refractory840 mg/d34 4High-risk420 mg/d24 5TN (≥65 years)840 mg/d5* * Cohort was closed prior to full accrual after comparable activity and safety between doses was observed with patients with RR disease Byrd JC et al. Proc ASH 2012;Abstract 189.

Best Response by Cohort (Abstract Only) Response rate Cohorts 2 & 5 (n = 31) Cohorts 1 & 3 (n = 61) Cohort 4 (n = 24) ORR CR PR 71% 10% 61% 67% 3% 64% 50% 0% 50% PR with lymphocytosis10%20%29% Stable disease13%5%8% Progressive disease0%2%4% Not evaluable6%7%8% Byrd JC et al. Proc ASH 2012;Abstract 189. ORR = overall response rate; CR = complete response; PR = partial response

Survival Rates (Abstract Only) Patients with RR or high-risk disease n = 85 Estimated 22-month progression-free survival (PFS)76% Estimated 22-month overall survival (OS)85% Patients with TN disease (≥65 years) n = 31 Estimated 22-month PFS96% Estimated 22-month OS96% Byrd JC et al. Proc ASH 2012;Abstract 189. Median PFS and OS have not been reached for any of the 5 cohorts. Responses were independent of poor-risk factors, including advanced disease, prior lines of therapy, beta-2 microglobulin or cytogenetics.

Clinical Observations (Abstract Only) Serial evaluation of serum immunoglobulins (Ig) revealed: –A significant increase in IgA at 3, 6 and 12 months (p < 0.005). –No decline in IgG and IgM. 56/69 patients with relapsed disease with wild-type IgVH developed treatment-related lymphocytosis. –Median time to normalization: 6.2 months 11/11 patients with mutated IgVH developed treatment- related lymphocytosis. –Median time to normalization: 14.8 months Lymphocytosis was normalized at a higher frequency in patients with wild-type versus mutated IgVH (86% vs 55%; p < 0.04). Byrd JC et al. Proc ASH 2012;Abstract 189.

Select Adverse Events (Abstract Only) Grade ≤2 Adverse Events (AEs) n = 116 Diarrhea54% Fatigue29% Upper respiratory tract infection29% Rash28% Nausea26% Arthralgia25% Treatment discontinuation due to AEs: 6% Hematologic AEs ≥Grade 3 were infrequent No evidence of cumulative toxicity or long-term safety concerns after a median follow-up of 16 months Byrd JC et al. Proc ASH 2012;Abstract 189.

Author Conclusions (Abstract Only) Ibrutinib monotherapy is highly active, well tolerated and induces durable remissions in patients with RR and high-risk CLL and in elderly patients with treatment-naïve CLL. Based on these results, a Phase III study of ibrutinib in these populations of patients is warranted. Byrd JC et al. Proc ASH 2012;Abstract 189.

The Btk Inhibitor Ibrutinib in Combination with Rituximab (iR) is Well Tolerated and Displays Profound Activity in High-Risk Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) Patients Burger JA et al. Proc ASH 2012;Abstract 187.

Background Currently, there is no standard treatment for patients with high-risk CLL, whose disease has shorter remissions and a poor outcome with conventional CIT. Single-agent ibrutinib elicits a good response in patients with high-risk CLL (Proc ASH 2011;Abstract 983). However, treatment of CLL with single-agent ibrutinib often results in delayed responses or stable disease due to the development of persistent lymphocytosis. Study objective: To evaluate the activity and tolerability of ibrutinib/rituximab combination therapy for high-risk CLL. Burger JA et al. Proc ASH 2012;Abstract 187.

Phase II Trial Design Eligibility (n = 40) Previously treated high- risk CLL* Del 17p, del 11q, short remission after chemoimmunotherapy * Patients with untreated CLL with del 17p or mutant TP53 were eligible. Ibrutinib + rituximab Ibrutinib: 420 mg/d PO x 12 cycles† Rituximab: 375 mg/m2 q1wk x 4 (cycle 1) then q4wk (cycles 2-6) Burger JA et al. Proc ASH 2012;Abstract 187. † Patients with benefit after cycle 12 were allowed to continue receiving single-agent ibrutinib.

Assessment by Computed Tomography (CT) at 3-6 Months (n = 31) With permission from Burger JA et al. Proc ASH 2012;Abstract 187. Lymph Node Sites Spleen Average Decrease in LN Size (%) Average Decrease in Spleen Size (%) Del17p Others

Radiographic Response to Ibrutinib/Rituximab Therapy With permission from Burger JA et al. Proc ASH 2012;Abstract x 30.7 mm 13 mm Before iRDuring iR Axillary lymphadenopathy, abdominal nodes and splenomegaly all regressed during therapy.

Response Rates at 3-6 Months Response n = 40 Overall response rate Complete response Partial response (PR) 83% 3% 80% PR with persistent lymphocytosis8% Stable disease5% It was too early for assessments for 2 patients. Burger JA et al. Proc ASH 2012;Abstract 187.

Adverse Events Discontinuation of therapy due to aspergillosis (n = 1), oral ulcers (n = 1) With permission from Burger JA et al. Proc ASH 2012;Abstract 187. %

Author Conclusions The combination of ibrutinib with rituximab demonstrated profound activity in patients with high-risk CLL. –ORR: >80% –Favorable toxicity profile with no hematologic toxicities observed The addition of rituximab to ibrutinib therapy may accelerate response in comparison to single-agent ibrutinib. However, the duration of remission in addition to the long- term side effects of combining ibrutinib with rituximab are unknown. Ibrutinib alone or in combination with rituximab should be rapidly developed for the treatment of high-risk CLL. Burger JA et al. Proc ASH 2012;Abstract 187.

Investigator Commentary: Efficacy and Tolerability of the BTK Inhibitor Ibrutinib (PCI-32765) Alone and in Combination with Rituximab for Patients with CLL Dr Byrd presented the single-agent ibrutinib data for patients with TN, RR or high-risk CLL and the response rates were phenomenal. Overall response rate (ORR) in the untreated cohort was more than 70% and was 67% in the RR population. ORR for patients at high risk — those with 17p deletion or with an extremely short initial response to treatment — was 50%. Another striking feature of this study was the progression-free survival (PFS) numbers — for patients with TN CLL it was more than 90% and for those with RR disease it was more than 70%. Even for those patients with 17p deletion, PFS was in the 50% to 60% range. We’ve never seen responses like those in that patient population. The next logical step was to combine this agent with rituximab. A presentation by Dr Burger reported an early response assessment for this combination in a small number of patients with high-risk CLL. The ORR was 83% with a relatively short follow-up, but they were astounding results nonetheless. You’re combining a pill with rituximab, and more than 80% of patients respond and the combination is well tolerated. Interview with Bruce D Cheson, MD, January 14, 2013