Digital Libraries: Background and Overview NAWeb 2003 Jeremy Rowe Arizona State University Partnership for Research In Spatial Modeling

Library - A collection of literary, musical, artistic, or reference material(eg books, manuscripts, recordings, or films)that are kept for use but not sale

Initial Focus: Library Digitization - Cataloging -Connectivity -Search -Access to Digital Resources

Initial Developments - Online Public Access Catalogs (OPAC) -Electronic Text -Digitized Photographs -Multi-Media – Audio and Video

Automating Traditional Libraries -Computerized Catalogs -Inter-Library Connectivity -Z Standard

Initial Project Targets - Shared library catalogs -Text -Low resolution digital graphics, images, and photographs

Types of Projects -Text OCR Born Digital -Graphic representations Manuscripts Music -Images Graphics (Images, maps, etc.) Photographs -Motion Media Video/streams Animations (Flash, QT VR, etc.) -Interactive Simulations

Collateral Factors - Development of the Web -Data Sharing (i.e.Gopher, FTP, et al) -Visual Browsers (http, Mosaic, Netscape, et al) -On-line Access -Compression -Computing Power -Collaborative Research -E-Commerce

Types of Digital Library Projects -Access to Traditional Library Collections -Interpretive Exhibits/Educational Uses -Shared Scientific Data -Modeling, Visualization and Analysis -Automated Cataloging -Interface Design/Human Interaction

Visualization

Bone Surfaces and Forensics  Digital collections to analyze shape, structure, morphology, improve measurement accuracy, permit objective comparison of objects, and to identify unique individuals. PRISM

Standards Initiatives -Cataloging/Description -Metadata/XML -Data Definitions/Formats -Data Interchange -Search -Interface/Display

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LVis - Digital Library Visualizer

Interested Parties - Libraries – IMLS -Science/Engineering - NSF, NIH -Defense - DOD, Homeland Security -Arts – NEA, Foundations -Humanities – NEH, Foundations -Education – FIPSE, LAAP -Digital Government - NSF -Business and E-Commerce

Project Examples -Auto-Classification -Auto-Summarization of Video and Digital Video Libraries -Digital Recognition of Music, Cuneiform and Hieroglyphics, Manuscripts, and Complex Graphic Letterforms -Distributed Search (Z39.50, SQL, XML) -Distributed Research Collections -Information Agents/AI Search Support

Project Examples (ctd) -Digital Music – Scores, Audio -Digital Document “Restoration” /Image Processing -Manuscript OCR/Word Segmentation -Modeling and Visualization -Image Recognition -Spoken Language Processing -Archiving/Provenance -Data Quality -Identity Management/Access Control -Science, Math, Engineering and Technology Education

Current Issues Social, Institutional, And Policy Issues Pedagogical Issues Intellectual PropertyUser Communities Metadata And Content Web Cataloging Digital Archives And Museums Digital Preservation Digital Library Infrastructure Digital Library Architecture Knowledge Management Content Management Human-Computer Interaction Information Retrieval Information Mining Ontology-Based Services Semi-Structured Data Management Semantic Web Web Information Gathering Text Categorization Large Scale Data Management Electronic Publishing Information Filtering/Extraction Hypertext And Multimedia Authentication/Authorization Security And Privacy Image UnderstandingIntelligent Analysis

Conferences -ACM/IEEE Joint Conference on Digital Libraries -European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries -International Conference on Asian Digital Libraries -Russian Scientific Conference on Digital Libraries -European Conference on Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries Initiatives -NSF Partnerships: NSF-JISC (US-UK) NSF-DFG (US-Germany) NSF-EU (US-European Union)

Digital Libraries Initial Focus -Building interconnections between library catalogs Interim -Building digital/virtual collections Current Focus -On-line access to data and analytic tools for research, education, and digital government -Improved user interfaces and tools to generate content, analyze, and interact with complex data -Improved access to permit knowledge transfer of across-cultures and minimize barriers of training, technology, disability, and economics

Contact Information: Jeremy Rowe PRISM Executive Committee Director, Research, Strategic Planning and Policy Information Technology Arizona State University Tempe, Arizona