The DRIVER Infrastructure (Digital Repository Infrastructure Vision for European Research) Paolo Manghi ISTI - National Research Council, Italy

Scenario Proliferation of Institutional Repositories Gathering and exposing research outcome (publications) local to the Institution Typical user communities requirements Discover information, e.g. cross-repository search Elaborate information, e.g. cross-comparison, object composition (e.g. complex objects) Communities demand for Aggregative Digital Library Systems, to be provided by the responsible organization

Aggregative Digital Library Systems (ADLS) ADLSs Aggregation system: maintaining and populating an Information Space by aggregating content from a collection of OAI-PMH Repositories Custom application: providing community-specific functionalities via Web User Interfaces Well known examples BASE (Germany) DAREnet (Netherlands) OAIster (USA) Others…

ADLS architecture and technology OAI-PMH Institution Site OAI-PMH Institution Site OAI-PMH Institution Site … Aggregator Index UI … Store … Search Custom application Aggregation system

ADLS drawbacks OAI-PMH Institution Site OAI-PMH Institution Site OAI-PMH Institution Site … Aggregator Index UI … Custom application Aggregation system Store … Search OAI-PMH New Institution Site New New functional requirement Manual maintenance cost

The DRIVER project goals Realization of the European Information Space for Open Access research publications Provide research communities with free and easy access to this Information Space User portals User applications

The DRIVER project goals Aggregation System European OA Information Space Aggregation System European OA Information Space Application OAI-PMH Repositories Sharing!

The DRIVER project solution Infrastructural approach An infrastructure is a running environment Maintained by one responsible organization (RO) for the benefit of participating organizations (POs) Where resources – e.g. content, functionality, hardware – can be shared by POs and reused by other POs so as to serve their application needs In DRIVER resources are implemented as (wrapped behind) Web Services Running at different sites on the Internet Providing functionality in isolation; e.g. index, storage, aggregation, search

DRIVER Infrastructure Service-Oriented Architecture The RO manages Enabling Services, a middleware for the management of the infrastructure Information Service: registration, de-registration and discovery of running services Services are dynamic: join/leave & discovery of available resources POs can Provide (register) and share resources in the form of running services Build applications combining (discovering and reusing) available resources, i.e. set of running services, to provide the expected functionality

ADLSs in DRIVER OAI-PMH Institution Site Index Search Index UI … OAI-PMH Institution Site … OAI-PMH Institution Site OAI-PMH Institution Site … Enabling Layer Middleware UI Search Index Store Aggregator User Profiling … Others Aggregator Service Kits Aggregator Store Content Resources Dynamic, distributed Run-time Infrastructure RO PO

Reuse Functionality sharing OAI-PMH Aggregator Index Search Index UI … OAI-PMH Institution Site … OAI-PMH Institution Site OAI-PMH Institution Site … Enabling Layer Middleware UI Search Index Aggregator User Profiling … Others Aggregator UI Store Institution Site Content Resources Dynamic, distributed Run-time Infrastructure Service Kits RO PO

Reuse Content sharing #1 OAI-PMH Aggregator Index Search Index UI … OAI-PMH Institution Site … OAI-PMH Institution Site OAI-PMH Institution Site … Enabling Layer Middleware UI Search Index Aggregator User Profiling … Others Aggregator UI Search Store Institution Site Content Resources Dynamic, distributed Run-time Infrastructure Service Kits RO PO

Reuse Content sharing #2 OAI-PMH Aggregator Index Search Index UI … OAI-PMH Institution Site … OAI-PMH Institution Site OAI-PMH Institution Site … Enabling Layer Middleware UI Search Index Aggregator User Profiling … Others Aggregator UI Search Index Store Service Kits Institution Site Dynamic, distributed Run-time Infrastructure Content Resources RO PO

Resource Orchestration The Enabling Services give support for service orchestration functionalities The RO can configure special orchestration services to automatically administrate and monitor an PO applications Based on subscription and notification

Store Service Orchestration Self-administration: DRIVER orchestration OAI-PMH Aggregator Index Search Index UI … OAI-PMH Institution Site … Enabling Layer Middleware UI Search Index Aggregator User Profiling … Others Aggregator OAI-PMH New Institution Sites OAI-PMH Index Store Index Institution Site Content Resources Dynamic, distributed Run-time Infrastructure Service Kits RO PO

Openness Example of the DRIVER-II extension OAI-PMH Harvester Index UI … OAI-PMH Institution Site … OAI-PMH Institution Site OAI-PMH Institution Site … Enabling Layer Middleware UI Search Index Aggregator User Profiling … Others Search Store Service Kits Institution Site Dynamic, distributed Run-time Infrastructure Content Resources Transformer Store RO PO

Other orchestration strategies... Harvester OAI-PMH IndexUISearch IndexUISearchStore Index Transformer Store Index UI Search Metadata Formats IndexUISearch

DRIVER Infrastructure benefits Architecture enabling sustainable business models Openness: enabling extension/update/integration of content and functionality resources Scalability: in content, functionality and users Sharing: communities can share their resources and reuse others to fulfil their needs Low application installation, maintenance and administration cost

DRIVER production infrastructure Project goals ? Enabling Layer Data Layer EU Open Access Repositories Functionality Layer Administrators End users Advanced User Interfaces Light User Interfaces PO RO

Status of production infrastructure Content 200+ harvested repositories (more than twice to come) over 23 countries More than 1,000,000 open access documents Services 28 different kinds of Services Production release: 36 service running instances over 9 nodes located at CNR and ICM Applications DRIVER Main, Belgium, Spain-Recolecta

Conclusion and future issues The benefits of the infrastructural approach are proved by the growing requests for Low-cost deployment of new applications Experimentation of deployment of new infrastructure instances (China, India, Portugal, Belgium, Spain, Slovenia)

D-NET 1.0/1.1/1.2 release Technical partners Istituto di Scienza e Tecnologia dellInformazione, National Research Council, Italy ICM Research Centre Warsaw, Poland National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Greece University of Bielefeld Library, Germany Software packages Open Source Apache License Downloadable and installable with (limited to availability) technical support

Credits Paolo Manghi ISTI - CNR Speakers Contact Details DRIVER II Project Supported by European Commission