Benefits: Increased server utilization Reduced IT TCO Improved IT agility

Advantages: High performances Affordable, low cost solution Robust and easy to use Easy to deploy Simple management and implementation of virtual machine Multi-os support enables windows and Linux virtual machines Board industry support amongst leading manufacturer including IBM, INTEL, HP Wider local storage support Deep hardware virtualization integration

XEN architecture Xen-Domain0 Host OS Xen-DomainU Xen Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM) H a r d w a r e Guest OS PinOS 1 To run PinOS between guest and hardware: Use Xen Virtualize and present a fake processor to the guest OS PinTool I/ O Engine CodeCache

Processor architecture Table 2.3 Xen Features by CPU Architecture x86 x86 x64 Feature (no PAE) (with PAE) (x86_64) IA-64 POWERPC Privileged Domains X X X X X Guest Domains X X X X X SMP Guests X X X X Save/Restore/Migrate X X X X More than 4GB RAM X X X X Progressive PV X X X X X Driver Domains X X X

Paravirtualization Table 2.4 Paravirtualization Requirements and Considerations Item Type item Requirements or special Consideration Memory Management Segmentation Cannot insert privileged segment descrip- tors and cannot overlap with the top end of the linear address space. Paging Guest operating system has direct read access to hardware-level page tables, updates are batched or performed indi- vidually and validated by the hypervisor. CPU Protection The guest operating system must run at a more restricted privilege level than Xen— in other words, it cannot run in Ring-0. Exceptions The guest operating system must register a table for exception trap handlers.

Continued… System calls The guest operating system may install a handler for system calls, allowing direct calls from an application or the operating system itself. Some of these calls do not need to be handled directly by Xen. Interrupts Hardware interrupts are replaced with a notification event mechanism. Time The guest operating system must be aware Device I/O Network Virtual devices are simple to access. Data and Disk is transferred using asynchronous I/O rings, and interrupt-like communication to the guest operating system is handled through event notifications.

Xen domains

virtualization CPU –Cpu virtualization –Cpu scheduling –Time Memory management –Memory allocation –Paging and segmentation –Virtual address translation I/o virtualization –Device i/o ring –Event channels –Virtual i/o devices and split device driver –Software and hardware iommu

Creating virtual machine Using a template file Installing from a CD or an ISO image onto a XEN virtual machine (windows 2003 and windows xp only) Installing from vendor media onto a network installation server directly onto a XEN vm Performing a physical to virtual convertion on an existing server Cloning an existing VM Importing an existing exported XEN VM

Installing XEN VM using template

Installing windows on a XEN VM

The new windows XEN VM ready to use

Installing Linux from network installed server to XEN VM

Cloning virtual machines

Importing an exported XEN VM

Using administrator console

Graphical and text console

Text console

Life cycle operation

Suspending and resuming VM

Performance monitoring

conclusion Great performances with minimal overhead Hardware virtualization extension Easy to use, robust and affordable Benefits of server utilization

REFERENCES Linux for U

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