NAGing about LISP LISP Designers/Implementors: Dave Meyer, Vince Fuller, Darrel Lewis, Eliot Lear, Scott Brim, Dave Oran, Dana Blair, Noel Chiappa, John Curran & Dino Farinacci LISP Marketing: Elizabeth McGee LISP Project Management: Doug Hantula Cisco Network Architect Geeks May 21, 2008

NAGing about LISPNAG - May 2008Slide 2 Agenda Problem Statement Why separate Location from ID? We have a proposal called LISP –Provides Features for the architecture –Provides Fixes for the current architecture –With one incremental solution Describe LISP+ALT –A mapping database algorithm How LISP sites talk to legacy sites Other Uses of LISP Prototype and Pilot Internet Drafts & References

NAGing about LISPNAG - May 2008Slide 3 Provider A /8 Provider B /8 R1R2 BGP End Site Benefit (1)Easier Transition to IPv6 (2)Change provider without address change Lower OpEx for Sites and Providers (1)Improve site multi-homing (2)Improve provider traffic engineering (3)Reduce size of core routing tables Problem Statement Site with PI Addresses

NAGing about LISPNAG - May 2008Slide 4 Routing Table Size Problem 10^7 routes Before LISP - all this state in red circle 10^4 routes? After LISP - this amount in red circle A 16-bit number!

NAGing about LISPNAG - May 2008Slide 5 Scaling Internet Routing State

NAGing about LISPNAG - May 2008Slide 6 Why Separate Location from ID? Level of Indirection allows us to: –Keep either ID or Location fixed while changing the other –Create separate namespaces which can have different allocation properties By keeping IDs fixed –Assign fixed addresses that never change to hosts and routers at a site You can change Locators –Now the sites can change providers –Now the hosts can move

NAGing about LISPNAG - May 2008Slide 7 Separating (or adding) an Address Changing the semantics of the IP address LocatorID 2001:0102:0304:0506:1111:2222:3333:4444IPv6: IPv4: Locator ID ID & Location If PI, get new locator If PA, get new ID

NAGing about LISPNAG - May 2008Slide 8 Provider A /8 Provider B /8 S Multi-Level Addressing EIDs are inside of sites RLOCs used in the core R2R1

NAGing about LISPNAG - May 2008Slide 9 Map-n-Encap vs Address-Rewrite Host Stack: supplies IDs LISP Router: supplies RLOCs by adding new header Map-n-EncapAddress-Rewrite Host Stack: supplies IDs Router: rewrites RLOCs from existing address GSE

NAGing about LISPNAG - May 2008Slide 10 LISP - the protocol First the authors: –Scott Brim, Dino Farinacci, Vince Fuller, Eliot Lear, Darrel Lewis, Dave Meyer, Dave Oran –Noel Chiappa, John Curran, Jason Schiller Many others:

NAGing about LISPNAG - May 2008Slide 11 Open Policy for LISP It’s been 1 1/2 years since the IAB RAWS –Some of us committed to working in the IETF and IRTF in an open environment This is not a Cisco only effort –We have approached and recruited others –There are no patents (cisco has no IPR on this) –All documents are Internet Drafts We need and seek new designers, implementors, and testers We need research analysis We want this to be an open effort!

NAGing about LISPNAG - May 2008Slide 12 What is LISP? Locator/ID Separation Protocol –Network-based solution –No changes to hosts whatsoever –No new addressing changes to site devices –Very few configuration file changes –Imperative to be incrementally deployable –Address family agnostic

NAGing about LISPNAG - May 2008Slide 13 Packet Forwarding Provider A /8 Provider B /8 S ITR D ETR Provider Y /8 Provider X /8 S1 S2 D1 D2 PI EID-prefix /8 PI EID-prefix /8 DNS entry: D.abc.com A EID-prefix: /8 Locator-set: , priority: 1, weight: 50 (D1) , priority: 1, weight: 50 (D2) Mapping Entry > > Legend: EIDs -> Green Locators -> Red > > > Policy controlled by destination site

NAGing about LISPNAG - May 2008Slide 14 You need a “map” before you can “encap” We have designed several mapping database protocols –CONS, NERD, EMACS, ALT –Tradeoff push versus pull benefit/cost –Needs to be scalable to entries ALT has the most promise –We are deploying ALT Mapping Database Designs

NAGing about LISPNAG - May 2008Slide 15 What is LISP+ALT? EID namespace is used at the site RLOC namespace is used in the Internet core Mappings need to be authoritative and reside at site ETRs Advertise EID-prefixes in BGP on an alternate topology of GRE tunnels ITRs get mappings by routing Map-Requests on ALT topology ETRs respond with Map-Replies

NAGing about LISPNAG - May 2008Slide 16 Legend: EIDs -> Green Locators -> Red GRE Tunnel Low Opex Physical link Data Packet Map-Request Map-Reply ETR ITR EID-prefix /24 ITR EID-prefix /24 LAT EID-prefix / > > EID-prefix / > > > ALT-rtr How LISP+ALT Works ? > > ? > > ? < /24 < /24 < /16 ?

NAGing about LISPNAG - May 2008Slide 17 Interworking Experiment Legend: LISP Sites -> Green (and EIDs) non-LISP Sites -> Red (and RLOCs) xTR Forward R-prefix /16 R-prefix /16 R-prefix / /12 Encapsulate > > > > Forward /12 Forward Local/Uncoordinated Solution > > NR-prefix /16 NR-prefix /16 NR-prefix /

NAGing about LISPNAG - May 2008Slide 18 Interworking Experiment R-prefix /16 R-prefix /16 R-prefix / / /12 Infrastructure Solution /8 Encapsulate > > > Forwar d > PTR Legend: LISP Sites -> Green (and EIDs) non-LISP Sites -> Red (and RLOCs) xTR NR-prefix /16 NR-prefix /16 NR-prefix /

NAGing about LISPNAG - May 2008Slide 19 Other Uses of LISP SLBs in Data Centers –ETRs directly connected to servers –ITRs at Data Center edge A/V Mobile Truck Roll –Avoid renumber at each event BGP-free Core –Intra-AS avoiding storing external routes –RLOCs are PE routers Building topological hierarchy with flat addressing –MAC addressing in L2 networks

NAGing about LISPNAG - May 2008Slide 20 Prototype and Pilot Prototype has been running for a year –NX-OS on Titaniums Alpha has been running for 9 months –Map-Request/Reply, ALT, & Interworking External pilot is starting –IPv4 and IPv6 addressing plan complete –EID4-over-RLOC4 and EID6-over-RLOC6 –Mixed RLOCs EID4-over-RLOC4&6 and EID6-over-RLOC4&6

NAGing about LISPNAG - May 2008Slide 21 IDs draft-farinacci-lisp-07.txt draft-meyer-lisp-cons-03.txt draft-lear-lisp-nerd-03.txt draft-fuller-lisp-alt-02.txt draft-curran-lisp-emacs-00.txt draft-lewis-lisp-interworking-00.txt draft-farinacci-lisp-multicast-00.txt draft-meyer-lisp-eid-block-01.txt

NAGing about LISPNAG - May 2008Slide 22 References Public mailing list: Go to a LISP site now:

NAGing about LISPNAG - May 2008Slide 23