A NEW STANDARD IN METEOROLOGICAL MONITORING SYSTEMS INSTALLED AT THE PERRY NUCLEAR POWER PLANT Jim Holian (SAIC) and Jamie Balstad (First Energy Corp)

Meteorological Parameters

Systems A and B   10 and 60 meter wind speed and direction   Delta-t (60m-10m)   10 meter temperature Meteorological Parameters

Systems A and B   10 and 60 meter wind speed and direction   Delta-t (60m-10m)   10 meter temperature System A only   10 meter dew point   Station Pressure   Precipitation Meteorological Parameters

Design Basis

Two Beers Design Basis

Two Beers Validation without elimination Design Basis

Two Beers Validation without elimination Reduce false 9 out of data Design Basis

Two Beers Validation without elimination Reduce false 9 out of data Include onsite conditions/climatology Design Basis

Produce a valid data set that is the “best of” Design Basis (continued)

Produce a valid data set that is the “best of” Reduce manual labor Design Basis (continued)

Produce a valid data set that is the “best of” Reduce manual labor Decrease maintenance costs Design Basis (continued)

Produce a valid data set that is the “best of” Reduce manual labor Decrease maintenance costs Independently shut down individual sensors Design Basis (continued)

Site-Specific Software

Detects the presence of wind direction shear between tower levels Site-Specific Software

Detects the presence of wind direction shear between tower levels Identifies differences in the data attributable to tower interference Site-Specific Software

Detects the presence of wind direction shear between tower levels Identifies differences in the data attributable to tower interference Recognizes light and variable winds Site-Specific Software

Detects the presence of wind direction shear between tower levels Identifies differences in the data attributable to tower interference Recognizes light and variable winds Identifies wind speed cup/threshold problems before they become obvious Site-Specific Software

Site-Specific Software (cont’d) Recognizes delta-t differences attributed to sunrise/sunset/precipitation onset

Site-Specific Software (cont’d) Recognizes delta-t differences attributed to sunrise/sunset/precipitation onset Identifies aspirator trips/fluctuations

Site-Specific Software (cont’d) Recognizes delta-t differences attributed to sunrise/sunset/precipitation onset Identifies aspirator trips/fluctuations Identifies problems associated with temperature/dew point/precipitation interactions

Site-Specific Software (cont’d) Recognizes delta-t differences attributed to sunrise/sunset/precipitation onset Identifies aspirator trips/fluctuations Identifies problems associated with temperature/dew point/precipitation interactions Ability to turn off any sensor remotely

MAX WIND SPEED DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SYSTEMS A/B 3 MPH MAX WIND SPEED DIFFERENCE METER10 MPH MIN WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS WIND SPEED - A 75 DEG. MAX WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS WIND SPEED - A100 DEG. MIN WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS WIND SPEED - B100 DEG. MAX WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS WIND SPEED - B115 DEG. WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS BOTH A/B WIND SPEEDS100 DEG. PNPP Site Evaluation Criteria

MAX WIND SPEED DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SYSTEMS A/B 3 MPH MAX WIND SPEED DIFFERENCE METER10 MPH MIN WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS WIND SPEED - A 75 DEG. MAX WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS WIND SPEED - A100 DEG. MIN WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS WIND SPEED - B100 DEG. MAX WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS WIND SPEED - B115 DEG. WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS BOTH A/B WIND SPEEDS100 DEG. PNPP Site Evaluation Criteria

MAX WIND SPEED DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SYSTEMS A/B 3 MPH MAX WIND SPEED DIFFERENCE METER10 MPH MIN WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS WIND SPEED - A 75 DEG. MAX WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS WIND SPEED - A100 DEG. MIN WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS WIND SPEED - B100 DEG. MAX WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS WIND SPEED - B115 DEG. WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS BOTH A/B WIND SPEEDS100 DEG. PNPP Site Evaluation Criteria

MAX WIND SPEED DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SYSTEMS A/B 3 MPH MAX WIND SPEED DIFFERENCE METER10 MPH MIN WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS WIND SPEED - A 75 DEG. MAX WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS WIND SPEED - A100 DEG. MIN WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS WIND SPEED - B100 DEG. MAX WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS WIND SPEED - B115 DEG. WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS BOTH A/B WIND SPEEDS100 DEG. PNPP Site Evaluation Criteria

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE WIND SPEED98 MPH MINIMUM ALLOWABLE WIND SPEED-0.1 MPH MIN WIND SPEED FOR WD VALIDATION3 MPH MAX WIND DIRECTION DIFFERENCE A/B15 DEG. MAX WIND DIRECTION DIFFERENCE M30 DEG. MIN WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS DIRECTION - A60 DEG. MAX WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS DIRECTION - A80 DEG. MIN WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS DIRECTION - B80 DEG. MAX WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS DIRECTION- B110 DEG. WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS BOTH A/B DIRECTIONS80 DEG. PNPP Site Evaluation Criteria (cont’d)

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE WIND SPEED98 MPH MINIMUM ALLOWABLE WIND SPEED-0.1 MPH MIN WIND SPEED FOR WD VALIDATION3 MPH MAX WIND DIRECTION DIFFERENCE A/B15 DEG. MAX WIND DIRECTION DIFFERENCE M30 DEG. MIN WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS DIRECTION - A60 DEG. MAX WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS DIRECTION - A80 DEG. MIN WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS DIRECTION - B80 DEG. MAX WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS DIRECTION- B110 DEG. WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS BOTH A/B DIRECTIONS80 DEG. PNPP Site Evaluation Criteria (cont’d)

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE WIND SPEED98 MPH MINIMUM ALLOWABLE WIND SPEED-0.1 MPH MIN WIND SPEED FOR WD VALIDATION3 MPH MAX WIND DIRECTION DIFFERENCE A/B15 DEG. MAX WIND DIRECTION DIFFERENCE M30 DEG. MIN WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS DIRECTION - A60 DEG. MAX WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS DIRECTION - A80 DEG. MIN WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS DIRECTION - B80 DEG. MAX WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS DIRECTION- B110 DEG. WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS BOTH A/B DIRECTIONS80 DEG. PNPP Site Evaluation Criteria (cont’d)

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE WIND SPEED98 MPH MINIMUM ALLOWABLE WIND SPEED-0.1 MPH MIN WIND SPEED FOR WD VALIDATION3 MPH MAX WIND DIRECTION DIFFERENCE A/B15 DEG. MAX WIND DIRECTION DIFFERENCE M30 DEG. MIN WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS DIRECTION - A60 DEG. MAX WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS DIRECTION - A80 DEG. MIN WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS DIRECTION - B80 DEG. MAX WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS DIRECTION- B110 DEG. WD WHERE TOWER IMPACTS BOTH A/B DIRECTIONS80 DEG. PNPP Site Evaluation Criteria (cont’d)

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE WIND DIRECTION361 DEG. MINIMUM ALLOWABLE WIND DIRECTION-0.1 DEG. MAX SIGMA THETA DIFFERENCE A/B10 DEG. MAX DIFFERENCE IN DELTA T A/B1 °F BOTH 10/60 METER ASPIRATORS OK4.6 VOLTS 60-METER ASPIRATOR HAS FAILED4.2 VOLTS 10-METER ASPIRATOR HAS FAILED3.8 VOLTS BOTH 10/60 METER ASPIRATORS FAILED3.45 VOLTS MAX AMBIENT TEMP DIFFERENCE A/B1.2 °F PNPP Site Evaluation Criteria (cont’d)

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE WIND DIRECTION361 DEG. MINIMUM ALLOWABLE WIND DIRECTION-0.1 DEG. MAX SIGMA THETA DIFFERENCE A/B10 DEG. MAX DIFFERENCE IN DELTA T A/B1 °F BOTH 10/60 METER ASPIRATORS OK4.6 VOLTS 60-METER ASPIRATOR HAS FAILED4.2 VOLTS 10-METER ASPIRATOR HAS FAILED3.8 VOLTS BOTH 10/60 METER ASPIRATORS FAILED3.45 VOLTS MAX AMBIENT TEMP DIFFERENCE A/B1.2 °F PNPP Site Evaluation Criteria (cont’d)

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE TEMPERATURE110 °F MINIMUM ALLOWABLE TEMPERATURE-30 °F MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE DEWPOINT 82 °F MINIMUM ALLOWABLE DEWPOINT -30 °F MAX DEW POINT EXCEEDING TEMPERATURE1.8 °F MAX DIFFERENCE CURRENT/PREVIOUS 15-MIN RAIN0.99 IN. MAX TEMPERATURE-DEWPOINT SPREAD W/RAIN10 DEG. MINIMUM ALLOWABLE PRECIPITATION-0.1 IN. MAX ALLOWABLE 15-MINUTE PRECIPITATION 1.00 IN. PNPP Site Evaluation Criteria (cont’d)

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE TEMPERATURE110 °F MINIMUM ALLOWABLE TEMPERATURE-30 °F MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE DEWPOINT 82 °F MINIMUM ALLOWABLE DEWPOINT -30 °F MAX DEW POINT EXCEEDING TEMPERATURE1.8 °F MAX DIFFERENCE CURRENT/PREVIOUS 15-MIN RAIN0.99 IN. MAX TEMPERATURE-DEWPOINT SPREAD W/RAIN10 DEG. MINIMUM ALLOWABLE PRECIPITATION-0.1 IN. MAX ALLOWABLE 15-MINUTE PRECIPITATION 1.00 IN. PNPP Site Evaluation Criteria (cont’d)

MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE TEMPERATURE110 °F MINIMUM ALLOWABLE TEMPERATURE-30 °F MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE DEWPOINT 82 °F MINIMUM ALLOWABLE DEWPOINT -30 °F MAX DEW POINT EXCEEDING TEMPERATURE1.8 °F MAX DIFFERENCE CURRENT/PREVIOUS 15-MIN RAIN0.99 IN. MAX TEMPERATURE-DEWPOINT SPREAD W/RAIN10 DEG. MINIMUM ALLOWABLE PRECIPITATION-0.1 IN. MAX ALLOWABLE 15-MINUTE PRECIPITATION 1.00 IN. PNPP Site Evaluation Criteria (cont’d)

MAX ALLOWABLE STATION PRESSURE30.75 IN/HG MIN ALLOWABLE STATION PRESSURE27.75 IN/HG MAX 15-MINUTE PRESSURE CHANGE0.2 IN/HG MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE DELTA-T 15.0 DEG. MINIMUM ALLOWABLE DELTA-T-6.0 DEG. DEWPOINT ASPIRATOR HAS FAILED3.25 VOLTS DEW POINT & 60 METER ASPIRATOR FAILED2.95 VOLTS DEW POINT & 10 METER ASPIRATOR FAILED2.75 VOLTS ALL ASPIRATORS FAILED2.58 VOLTS PNPP Site Evaluation Criteria (cont’d)

For both levels If neither wind speed reading is obtained from front-end processor set valid value to the bad wind speed value and set flag to 9 If both wind speeds were “off” or “out of range” set valid value to the bad wind speed value and set flag to 9 If one wind speed was “off” or “out of range” set valid value to good measurement and set flag to 5 if using Train A or 6 if using Train B If both wind speeds are a “stuck” value for last minute periods set valid value to the bad wind speed value and set flag to 8 If only one current wind speed is a “stuck” value for last min periods set valid value to the other train and set flag to 7 Wind Direction Sensor Algorithm

0Normal data validation. Using System A 1Secondary validation required, using System A. For dew point the freeze-point was converted to dew point, or dew point slightly above the temperature and has been set to the temperature. 2Secondary validation required, using System B 3Used only for delta-t and temperature: one aspirator failed. Using the other system sensor. Validity Flags

4 4Using System A Data. Validation exceed criteria because: Both System A and B wind directions were blowing through the tower. Secondary validation detected direction change with height greater than 30 degrees. Wind speed below light wind limit or wind speed less than predetermined criteria. Delta-t differences occurred during sunrise/sunset Validity Flags (continued)

5/6No Validation. Problem detected with System B/A sensor (turned “off” or problem with time/date stamp or reading data logger file) using System A/B 7Ambient Temperature/Delta-T --Both aspirators off, results could be affected Dew point --possible “stuck” sensor (same reading for 5 readings) Precipitation --Difference between temperature and dew point greater than 10  F. Wind Speed --One sensor at same level is “stuck” (same reading for 13 readings) Pressure --possible “stuck” sensor (same reading for 5 readings). Validity Flags (continued)

8Failed all validation checks. System A values passed if possible. Dew point exceeded temperature by greater than allowable criteria. Dew point reset to temperature. Wind Speed --Both sensors at same level are “stuck” (same reading for 13 readings) 9No data obtained from either data logger or all similar sensors on same level turned “off” Validity Flags (continued)

Validity Flags Summary

0-3 Good data, best of both Systems A and B Validity Flags Summary

0-3 Good data, best of both Systems A and B 4-6Requires closer review because system validation was limited or non-existent Validity Flags Summary

0-3 Good data, best of both Systems A and B 4-6Requires closer review because system validation was limited or non-existent 7-8Requires intense scrutiny because data failed system validation Validity Flags Summary

0-3 Good data, best of both Systems A and B 4-6Requires closer review because system validation was limited or non-existent 7-8Requires intense scrutiny because data failed system validation 9Bad or missing data Validity Flags Summary

PNPP Hourly Data

PNPP Hourly Data

PNPP Hourly Data

PNPP System Performance

Data recovery consistently percent PNPP System Performance

Data recovery consistently percent Manual data replacement reduced by 200 labor hours (1 person-month) in 2001 alone PNPP System Performance

Data recovery consistently percent Manual data replacement reduced by 200 labor hours (1 person-month) in 2001 alone I&C annual work order requests reduced 60 percent (28 to 12) PNPP System Performance

Data recovery consistently percent Manual data replacement reduced by 200 labor hours (1 person-month) in 2001 alone I&C annual work order requests reduced 60 percent (28 to 12) Capital equipment inventory/tracking reduced PNPP System Performance

Data recovery consistently percent Manual data replacement reduced by 200 labor hours (1 person-month) in 2001 alone I&C annual work order requests reduced 60 percent (28 to 12) Capital equipment inventory/tracking reduced Validation software has identified every sensor /electronic problem since October 1999 PNPP System Performance

Summary

Meteorological monitoring system that –validates data without elimination

Summary Meteorological monitoring system that –validates data without elimination –uses onsite conditions and climatology

Summary Meteorological monitoring system that –validates data without elimination –uses onsite conditions and climatology –filters out normal meteorological variances from validation

Summary Meteorological monitoring system that –validates data without elimination –uses onsite conditions and climatology –filters out normal meteorological variances from validation –provides early notification to reviewer of potential problems

Summary Meteorological monitoring system that –validates data without elimination –uses onsite conditions and climatology –filters out normal meteorological variances from validation –provides early notification to reviewer of potential problems –reduces Control Room interference/anxiety

Summary (continued) PNPP realized cost savings in –less labor hours for data message/ replacement, I&C maintenance

Summary (continued) PNPP realized cost savings in –less labor hours for data message/ replacement, I&C maintenance –reduced capitol equipment/supplies

Summary (continued) PNPP realized cost savings in –less labor hours for data message/ replacement, I&C maintenance –reduced capitol equipment/supplies –40 percent reduction in sensor refurbishment

Summary (continued) PNPP realized cost savings in –less labor hours for data message/ replacement, I&C maintenance –reduced capitol equipment/supplies –40 percent reduction in sensor refurbishment PNPP has estimated that the system will nearly pay for itself within the first 3 years.

Summary (continued) PNPP realized cost savings in –less labor hours for data message/ replacement, I&C maintenance –reduced capitol equipment/supplies –40 percent reduction in sensor refurbishment PNPP has estimated that the system will nearly pay for itself within the first 3 years.