HIV and AIDS Are HIV and AIDS the same thing?

HIV HIV – Human Immunodeficiency Virus HIV – Human Immunodeficiency Virus A pathogen (virus) that destroys infection- fighting T-cells in the body A pathogen (virus) that destroys infection- fighting T-cells in the body The virus enters cells in the body and replicates The virus enters cells in the body and replicates HIV is a retrovirus HIV is a retrovirus There is no current cure for HIV There is no current cure for HIV

AIDS AIDS – Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome AIDS – Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome Caused by HIV Caused by HIV When the T-Cells level drops below 200 a person has full blown AIDS When the T-Cells level drops below 200 a person has full blown AIDS A person with AIDS has a weakened immune system A person with AIDS has a weakened immune system A higher chance of opportunistic infections A higher chance of opportunistic infections

When HIV enters the body

How HIV takes over the body 4 Stages of HIV 4 Stages of HIV Stage 1 – Primary Stage 1 – Primary Short, flu-like illness - occurs one to six weeks after infection Short, flu-like illness - occurs one to six weeks after infection Infected person can infect other people Infected person can infect other people Stage 2 – Asymptomatic Stage 2 – Asymptomatic Lasts for an average of ten years Lasts for an average of ten years A possibility of no symptoms A possibility of no symptoms A person with HIV in the 2 nd state can feel relatively healthy A person with HIV in the 2 nd state can feel relatively healthy HIV antibodies are detectable in the blood HIV antibodies are detectable in the blood Infected person can infect other people Infected person can infect other people

How HIV takes over the body Stage 3 – Symptomatic Stage 3 – Symptomatic The immune system beings to deteriorate The immune system beings to deteriorate Opportunistic infections and cancers begin to cause harm to the body Opportunistic infections and cancers begin to cause harm to the body Stage 4 – AIDS Stage 4 – AIDS The immune system weakens, T-Cells drop below 200, leading to a diagnosis of AIDS The immune system weakens, T-Cells drop below 200, leading to a diagnosis of AIDS People do not die from AIDS itself People do not die from AIDS itself Opportunistic Infections/Weakened Immune System Opportunistic Infections/Weakened Immune System

Modes of Transmission Body Fluids Body Fluids Semen Semen Vaginal Secretions Vaginal Secretions Blood Blood Breast Milk Breast Milk IV drug use IV drug use Sharing Needles Sharing Needles

Modes of Transmission Through Sex Through Sex Intercourse (penile penetration into the vagina) Intercourse (penile penetration into the vagina) This is the most common transmission This is the most common transmission Oral Sex Oral Sex Anal Sex Anal Sex This is the easiest transmission This is the easiest transmission From Mother to Baby From Mother to Baby During Birth During Birth After Birth After Birth

Ways HIV is not transmitted

How to get tested Antibody tests – Blood tests that detect the presence of antibodies in the blood Antibody tests – Blood tests that detect the presence of antibodies in the blood HIV Positive = Tests positive for HIV antibodies HIV Positive = Tests positive for HIV antibodies HIV Negative = Tests negative for HIV antibodies HIV Negative = Tests negative for HIV antibodies A person should be tested 3-6 months after possible infection. It takes approximately that long for the antibodies to be detected A person should be tested 3-6 months after possible infection. It takes approximately that long for the antibodies to be detected

Treatments Antiviral medication – drugs used to treat HIV slow the progression of the disease Antiviral medication – drugs used to treat HIV slow the progression of the disease There are often side effects of the medication There are often side effects of the medication Protease inhibitors – or drugs that decrease the amount of HIV in the blood and increase helper T-cell counts Protease inhibitors – or drugs that decrease the amount of HIV in the blood and increase helper T-cell counts