Day 3 Student Notes Quiz Monday! Minerals Day 3 Student Notes Quiz Monday!

MINERALS _________are the basic building blocks of ___________! But what is a mineral? ______________Occurring _______________Substance Orderly Crystalline _______________ Definite Chemical _________________ Generally considered _______________ Talk about each of them and give examples

MINERALS – Is it a mineral? Why would ice be considered a mineral, but water would not? Is coal considered a mineral? Explain. When you “grow a crystal” from a kit, are you creating a mineral? Explain. Name a mineral that you know of – use the definition of a mineral to write a sentence verifying it is a mineral.

Mineral Formation Minerals are formed in a few ways: ________________from magma ________________ _____________________________(within the earth) Hydrothermal Solutions Minerals formed by the crystallization of magma

Mineral Formation For each of these ways a mineral is formed, the bottom line is that elements are ____________. Today we are going to talk about the how they are _________according to which elements are bonded together.

Mineral Formation Mineral Groups Minerals can be classified based on their composition. We will discuss 6 mineral groups today and how you can know which groups minerals belong to based on their chemical composition.

2.2 Minerals 1. Silicates _______and _______combine to form a structure called the silicon-oxygen tetrahedron. This silicon-oxygen tetrahedron provides the framework of every silicate mineral.

2.2 Minerals 1. Silicates Use the periodic table to find the symbol for Silicon. Use the table to find the symbol for oxygen. Whenever you see these symbols together in a compound it will be classified as a silicate. Example: Orthoclase Feldspar - KAlSi 3O 8 What other elements do you see in this compound? Other examples: Quartz – ________

SiO2 - Quartz – used to make glass and gemstones. It is one of the most abundant minerals found on earth!

KAlSi 3O 8 - Feldspar – makes porcelain and china

2.2 Minerals Mineral Groups 2. Carbonates Minerals that contain the elements ________, _______, and one or more other _______elements Aragonite – a collectors item

2.2 Minerals Mineral Groups 3. Oxides Minerals that contain __________and one or more other elements, which are usually metals

Oxides Ice and snow Zincite – used in semiconductors

2.2 Minerals Mineral Groups 4. Sulfates and Sulfides 5. Halides Minerals that contain the element _________ 5. Halides Minerals that contain a ________ion plus one or more other elements 6. Native elements Minerals that exist in __________________ Name 3 examples of Native Elements:

Pyrite – “fool’s gold” – mined for iron Sulfides Galena – mined for lead Pyrite – “fool’s gold” – mined for iron

Applying Mineral Groups To which mineral group do each of the following minerals belong: Bornite (Cu5FeS4) Cuprite (Cu2O) Magnesite (MgCO3) Barite (BaSO4) Answer individually, after 5 minutes you will compare with a partner. Answers: 1 – sulfide, 2 – oxide, 3 – carbonate, 4 – sulfate

What they have in Common Mineral Formation Answer the following questions: Name the first four major groups of minerals, and give at least two examples of minerals in each group. Compare and contrast oxides and silicates. Only Oxides What they have in Common Only Silicates