AP Human Geography Week #26 Winter 2014

AP Human Geography 3/9/15 OBJECTIVE: Examine world agriculture and agribusiness. APHugV.B.1 Language objective: Write about agriculture. I. Journal#73 pt.A -notes on agriculture & agribusiness II. Quiz#45 III. Journal#73 pt.B -Green RevolutionGreen Revolution -BBC on GMO’sBBC on GMO’s Homework: Read p Notice: Chapter#11 Test Monday March 16 th Notice: 67 Days until the AP Test May 15 th

AP Exam Registration Students, you can now pay for your AP Exams by cash (NO CHECK). Give the cash to the secretary in the Counseling Office, Mrs. Ganshorn. Exam fees are $91.00 per exam. If you receive free or reduced lunch, Exam fees are $25.00 per exam. Exam fees MUST BE PAID by March 17 th !

What Is the Global Pattern of Agriculture and Agribusiness? Commercial agriculture: Large-scale farming and ranching operations that employ vast land bases, large mechanized equipment, factory-type labor forces, and the latest technology Roots in colonial economic system Today, global production made possible by advances in transportation and food storage

World Climates (Köppen Classification System)

World Agriculture

Definite correlation between the World Climate and Agriculture Maps Drier lands rely on livestock & ranching Moister climates marked with grain production

Extensive subsistence agriculture -Shifting cultivation -Pastoral nomadism Intensive subsistence agriculture –Intensive subsistence with wet rice dominant –Intensive subsistence with wet rice not dominant Agriculture in LDCs

Extensive Subsistence Agriculture Qashqai nomads using paved roads to move their animals near Shiraz, Iran.

Intensive Subsistence Agriculture Terraces create flat land for wet (irrigated) rice on hilly land in Indonesia.

World Rice Production, 2005 Fig. 10-6: Asian farmers grow over 90% of the world’s rice. India and China alone account for over half of world rice production.

Plantation Agriculture -Cash crops are part of the colonial legacy: sugar, bananas, coffee, cocoa, tea, rubber -Goal is to protect these cash crops: -Governments implement quotas & offer subsidies, producers may attempt collective action and multinational corporations at times fight federal governments -At times cash crops are grown instead of food crops

Contemporary Cash Crops Cotton: – Initially produced mostly in India, also Nile Delta, Punjab Region, Sudan, Uganda, Mexico & Brazil (European colonies) – Now production is worldwide (Core countries also) – Now in competition with synthetic fibers Rubber: -Initially only found in rainforests along equator -As a result of colonization the largest plantations are in SE Asia now -Now in competition with synthetic rubber

Homework Review for the Final Exam. Chapter#11 Test is Monday March 16 th AP Exam Monday is due by March 17 th

AP Human Geography 3/10/14 OBJECTIVE: Examine world agriculture and agribusiness. APHugV.B.1 Language objective: Write about agriculture. I. Journal#74pt.A -Watch the following: -Oregon Farmers Surprised to Find Fish in FieldsOregon Farmers Surprised to Find Fish in Fields II. Journal#74pt.B -notes on agriculture & agribusiness Homework: Review for the Final Exam Notice: Chapter#11 Test Monday March 16 th Notice: 66 Days until the AP Test May 15 th

AP Exam Registration Students, you can now pay for your AP Exams by cash (NO CHECK). Give the cash to the secretary in the Counseling Office, Mrs. Ganshorn. Exam fees are $91.00 per exam. If you receive free or reduced lunch, Exam fees are $25.00 per exam. Exam fees MUST BE PAID by March 17 th !

Luxury Crops Suitable environment and available labor in colonies led to establishment of plantations that focused on Luxury Crop production Examples: Tea, Cacao, Coffee, Tobacco Typically labor wages are very low Most of what is produced is sent abroad

Fair Trade Agriculture Fair trade coffee: Shade-grown coffee produced by certified fair-trade farmers, who then sell the coffee directly to coffee importers Guarantees a “fair trade price” Over 500,000 registered farmers, in more than 20 countries Often organically grown Purchase commitment by Starbucks and other chains

Illegal Drugs Difficult to map Poppy: Heroin and Opium production – SE & SW Asia, esp. Myanmar (Burma) and Afghanistan Coca: Cocaine production – Colombia, Peru & Bolivia Marijuana: – most of what is imported into the US comes from Mexico

Mixed crop and livestock farming Dairy farming Grain farming Livestock ranching Mediterranean agriculture Commercial gardening and fruit farming Access to markets Agriculture in Developed Countries

World Milk Production, 2005 Fig 10-8: Milk production reflects wealth, culture, and environment. It is usually high in MDCs, especially production per capita, and varies considerably in LDCs.

Milk Production in MDCs & LDCs Milk production has grown more rapidly in LDCs than in MDCs since the 1960s.

Combines on Wheat in Kansas Combines can reap, thresh, and clean crops like wheat in a single operation.

Mediterranean Agriculture Grapes loaded in vineyards on slopes above the Douro River in northern Portugal

Environmental Impacts of Commercial Farming Overfishing Overgrazing Clearing of forests to facilitate agriculture and trade Leeching of pesticides, herbicides, antibiotics, hormones and fertilizers into groundwater

Agribusiness and the Changing Geography of Agriculture Agribusiness: Businesses that provide a vast array of goods and services to support the agricultural industry Spatial concentration of agricultural activities Relationship to subsistence farming – Privileged large landowners – Government organization of agriculture Impact of markets

Poultry Farming

Hog Production

Loss of Productive Farmland Farmland in danger of being suburbanized as cities expand

Farmland Loss in Maryland

Homework Review for the Final Exam. Chapter#11 Test is Monday March 16 th AP Exam Monday is due by March 17 th

AP Human Geography 3/11/15 OBJECTIVE: Demonstrate mastery of AP Human Geography Concepts covered in this course to current date. APHug:Various Language objective: Write about agriculture. I. Attendance II. Quiz#46 III. Films: News clip on agriculture -Watch the following: -Stripe Rust in WheatStripe Rust in Wheat IV. Review for Final Exams Tomorrow Hours: 1,2,&3 Notice: Chapter#11 Test is on Monday March 16 th Notice: 65 Days until the AP Test May 15 th

AP Exam Registration Students, you can now pay for your AP Exams by cash (NO CHECK). Give the cash to the secretary in the Counseling Office, Mrs. Ganshorn. Exam fees are $91.00 per exam. If you receive free or reduced lunch, Exam fees are $25.00 per exam. Exam fees MUST BE PAID by March 17 th !

Homework Review for the Final Exam. Chapter#11 Test is Monday March 16 th AP Exam Monday is due by March 17 th

AP Human Geography 3/12/15 OBJECTIVE: Demonstrate mastery of AP Human Geography Concepts covered in this course to current date. APHug:Various I. Attendance II. Final Exam Hours: 1,2,&3 Notice: Chapter#11 Test is Monday March 16 th Notice: 64 Days until the AP Test May 15 th

Homework Review for Chapter#11 Test on Monday March 16 th AP Exam Monday is due by March 17 th

AP Human Geography 3/13/15 NO SCHOOL: Teacher Work Day. Notice: 63 Days until the AP Test May 15 th