Nomenclature Naming Compounds

Ionic Compounds Metal bonding with non-metal One atom gains electrons, one atom loses electrons Exist as ions with full highest energy levels. Are held together in a giant crystal by the electrostatic attraction of the opposite charges. The metal is named first; the nonmetal gets “ide” at the end of it’s name. Ex. CaCl2 Calcium chloride

There is no real bond between the ions There is no real bond between the ions. There is just strong attraction between the opposite charges. - - + + - + + - - + - - + + -

Metals Non-Metals Rule #1

Try these Metal & Non-metal K2Se MgO Cs3P SrF2 Rb3N FrI BeS

Try these Metal & Non-metal K2Se Potassium Selenide MgO Magnesium Oxide Cs3P Cesium Phosphide SrF2 Strontium Fluoride Rb3N Rubidium Nitride FrI Francium Iodide BeS Beryllium Sulfide

Try these Metal & Non-metal K2Se Potassium Selenide MgO Magnesium Oxide Cs3P Cesium Phosphide SrF2 Strontium Fluoride Rb3N Rubidium Nitride FrI Francium Iodide BeS Beryllium Sulfide

Writing Ionic Formulas Determine the charge on each ion. Find the lowest common multiple that will balance the charge. ex. Calcium Chloride Ca+2 Cl- +2 x2=-2 (to balance the charge) CaCl2

Try these Metal & Non-metal Sodium phosphide Magnesium telluride Lithium chloride Barium carbide Strontium arsenide

Try these Metal & Non-metal Sodium Phosphide Na+ P-3 x3 +3 -3 Na3P

Try these Metal & Non-metal Magnesium Telluride Mg+2 Te-2 +2 -2 MgTe

Try these Metal & Non-metal Lithium Chloride Li+ Cl- +1 -1 LiCl

Try these Metal & Non-metal Barium Carbide Ba+2 C-4 X2 +4 -4 Ba2C

Try these Metal & Non-metal Strontium Arsenide Sr+2 As-3 X3 x2 +6 -6 Sr3As2

Ionic Compounds part II The transition metal is named first with a Roman numeral to indicate the charge on the ion; the nonmetal gets “ide” at the end of its name.

Transition Metals

Non- metals Rule #2 Transition Metals

Non- metals Rule #2 Transition Metals

What is the name of CuO ? We know that oxygen has a charge of –2. Therefore, copper must have a charge of +2. We must indicate the charge of the transition metal. Copper (II) oxide

Try these: Transition Metal & Non-metal Fe3N2 NiBr3 CoCl2 HgI SnS2

Try these: Transition Metal & Non-metal Fe3N2 Iron was multiplied by 3 and nitrogen (-3) was multiplied by 2 (-6) so that the charges would balance. The charge on Iron must have been +2. Iron (II) nitride

Try these: Transition Metal & Non-metal NiBr3 The charge (from the periodic table) on Br is –1. Br was multiplied by 3 (hence the subscript), so the charge on Nickel MUST be +3. Nickel (III) Bromide

Try these: Transition Metal & Non-metal CoCl2 The charge (from the periodic table) on Cl is –1. Chlorine was multiplied by 2 (hence the subscript), so the charge on Cobalt MUST be +2. Cobalt (II) Chloride

Try these: Transition Metal & Non-metal HgI The charge (from the periodic table) on I is –1. Iodine was not multiplied by anything (no subscript), so the charge on Mercury MUST be +1. Mercury (I) Iodide

Try these: Transition Metal & Non-metal MnO2 The charge (from the periodic table) on O is –2. Oxygen was multiplied by 2 (hence the subscript), so the charge on Manganese MUST be +4. Manganese (IV) Oxide

Formula writing with transition metals Simple! ex. Nickel (II) Iodide The charge on the nickel ion is obviously +2. The charge on iodide is always -1. Therefore, the formula is: NiI2

Ionic Compounds part III Bonding with a Polyatomic ion The metal is named first; the polyatomic anion is named second (a polyatomic cation is named first). Ex. Li3PO4 Lithium phosphate

Polyatomic Ions that we use in science 10: OH-1 SO4-2 NO3-1 CO3-2 PO4-3 NH4+1 ClO3-1 hydroxide sulfate nitrate carbonate phosphate ammonium chlorate

Try these: Polyatomic Ion NaOH K2SO4 Ba(NO3)2 CuCO3 Li3PO4 NH4Cl

Try these: NaOH K2SO4 Ba(NO3)2 CuCO3 Li3PO4 NH4ClO3 Sodium Hydroxide Potassium Sulfate Barium Nitrate Copper(II) Carbonate Lithium Phosphate Ammonium Chlorate

Writing Formulas Calcium sulfate Potassium carbonate Ammonium hydroxide Iron (III) chlorate Copper (I) phosphate Zinc sulfate

Ionic Bonding vs Molecular Bonding Makes "Compounds” vs Makes "Molecules" Transfers electrons vs Shares electrons Metals & Nonmetals vs Made of Nonmetals Positive & Negative vs Neutral Weak Bond vs Strong bond NaCl KOH CaCl2 vs H2O CO2 NH3 CH4

Molecular Compounds Non-metals bond with non-metals. Prefixes Mono Di Tri Tetra Penta Hexa Hepta Octa Nona Deca Non-metals bond with non-metals. Atoms share electrons. The number of each atom present is indicated by a prefix. Add “ide” to the end of the second atom’s name.

Non- metals Rule #3

ex. N2O dinitrogen monoxide NO nitrogen monoxide N2O3 dinitrogen trioxide NO2 nitrogen dioxide * N2O4 dinitrogen tetroxide N2O5 dinitrogen pentoxide

* When the first atom is singular, the prefix “mono” is not used. ex. N2O dinitrogen monoxide NO nitrogen monoxide N2O3 dinitrogen trioxide NO2 nitrogen dioxide * N2O4 dinitrogen tetroxide N2O5 dinitrogen pentoxide * When the first atom is singular, the prefix “mono” is not used.

Try These: Non-metal & Non-metal SO3 XeF6 KrF2 BrCl5 SCl4 PF3 As4O10 N2O3 sulfur trioxide xenon hexafluoride krypton difluoride bromine pentachloride sulfur tetrachloride phosphorus trifluoride tetrarsenic decoxide dinitrogen trioxide

Writing Formulas Write each atom’s symbol with a subscript equal to the prefix. Ex. Hexaphosphorus tribromide P6Br3 Pentatellurium mononitride Te5N

Try these dinitrogen pentasulfide carbon monoxide heptasulfur trioxide xenon hexafluoride trisulfur hexafluoride phosphorus pentachloride nitrogen monoxide dibismuth trichloride

Try these dinitrogen pentasulfide N2S5 carbon monoxide C0 heptasulfur trioxide S7O3 xenon hexafluoride XeF6 trisulfur hexafluoride S3F6 phosphorus pentachloride PCl5 nitrogen monoxide NO dibismuth trichloride Bi2Cl3