Shielded Metal Arc Welding

Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW) welding: –The oldest of the arc welding processes. –Uses a filler rod coated with flux. (electrode) SMAW welding is a versatile process: –It can be performed with basic equipment. –It may be used in most conditions. –SMAW can weld aluminum, but not very well.

How it Works An arc is struck between the rod and the work piece: –The arc causes the filler rod and flux to melt. Melting flux creates a gas shield to prevent oxidation. The flux forms a hard slag over the weld to prevent oxidation during cooling. –When welding is complete this slag is chipped off.

Welding Circuit Welder Electrode Cable Electrode Holder Work Piece Work Cable Arc Electrode

Welding Circuit Electrical current travels through the welding circuit. Where it “jumps” between the electrode and the work piece creates the arc. Welding Current

Welding Set-Up Work Cable Weld Bead Work Piece Electrode Holder Electrode Work Clamp Arc Length

The Arc Work Piece

Hazards of Arc Welding Fume Inhalation Electric Shock Fire Welder’s Flash or Arc Eye Burns

Fume Inhalation Welding gives off a variety of particle fumes and gases. Most fumes and gases are harmful. It is essential that operators protect themselves. Fume extraction removes fumes at the source.

Fire Spatter and sparks from welding can set fire to materials around the work station. Always work in a clean well organized area.

Electric Shock Never use arc welding equipment in damp conditions. Always ensure the equipment is in good condition. Keep yourself insulated from the work piece.

Welder’s Flash / Arc Eye This condition is caused when the Ultra Violet radiation that arc welding processes emit burns the retina of the eye. Arc-eye is extremely painful and can lead to permanent blindness. Always wear eye protection when welding. It is the welder’s responsibility to protect others.

Burns Ultra Violet radiation can also burn skin. This happens in exactly the same way as a sunburn, only much quicker. Like sunburn, long term implications can include skin cancer. It is essential that suitable work wear is worn and that others are protected.

Safety Equipment Long sleeves Long pants Welding helmet with shade 9-12 lens Pliers for handling hot metals Dry Leather Gloves Safety glasses under welding helmets