Wannalancit Stairs, Lowell (1830) Ivan Galkin University of Massachusetts Lowell Department of Physics Center for Atmospheric Research Domain Ontology for ESPAS Acknowledge: GIRO data repositories, RPI BinBrowser, DIDBase SAO Explorer ESPAS Technical Meeting, Abington, UK May 9, 2012

 ONTOLOGY( computer science ): a list of domain concepts and their relationships Domain = Space Physics  Fields, Particles, Waves Concepts = Space Physics phenomena  Events and data features (characteristics) Relationships = Generic vs Specific  Waves – Waves.Radio – Waves.Radio.VLF  Dictionary-controlled versus free-text 2

ESPAS Technical Meeting, Abington, UK May 9, 2012  ESPAS Ontology is a comprehensive, dictionary-controlled description of all physical observations and … (characteristics and events) that can be retrieved from the ESPAS data resources.  ESPAS Ontology should not contain aspects related to the measurement specifics (e.g., type of instrumentation or measured quantity). 3

ESPAS Technical Meeting, Abington, UK May 9, 2012  SPASE data model Ontology of space physics  Shing Fung and Bob Benson (NASA Virtual Wave Observatory) Ontology of wave domain 4

ESPAS Technical Meeting, Abington, UK May 9, 2012  Executive summary: DATA AVALANCHE Multi-petabyte raw data capability is NOW Impossible to download Even downloaded, no standard tools to explore data Even with tools, no time to explore massive data volumes Steep learning curves at each step of the process  ANSWER – infrastructure for dissemination of the expert knowledge derived from raw data  Targeted search by content (phenomena) 1.2 M images at 5 s/image for 20 hr/week = 2 years of life More realistically, 10K images per summer student = 30 student-years

ESPAS Technical Meeting, Abington, UK May 9, FUV on IMAGE showing brightening of aurora emissions Hinode telescope showing multiple solar flares RPI dynamic spectrogram in kHz showing… err… hmm… what the heck is this

7 Solar Type III Radio Burst Solar Type III Radio Burst KC AKR Magnetosheath Noise Magnetosheath Noise Upper Hybrid Resonance Upper Hybrid Resonance Continuum Radiation Continuum Radiation (n+½) Gyroharmonics (n+½) Gyroharmonics PH AKR

8 Fundamental gyrofrequency Upper Hybrid frequency Plasma frequency AKR Whistler mode emissions FAP trace X mode FAP trace O mode Direct echoes Z mode cutoff X mode cutoff X mode cutoff FAP trace Z-mode FAP trace Z-mode

ESPAS Technical Meeting, Abington, UK May 9,

10 This ontology is a list Epsilon and Ducted may apply simultaneously

ESPAS Technical Meeting, Abington, UK May 9, 2012  Resonance Resonance.Plasma Resonance.Unmatched  Ducted Ducted.Epsilon Ducted.PolarCap  SolarRadioBurst.TypeIII  RadioBurst RadioBurst.Solar  RadioBurst..Solar.TypeIII  Earth.Plasmashere.Hiss  Radiation.Auroral.Kilometric 11 RPI Plasmagrams: RPI Spectrograms: Parent-child relationship does not work! Attributes of phenomena are grouped in independent categories

ESPAS Technical Meeting, Abington, UK May 9, WRONG APPROACH

ESPAS Technical Meeting, Abington, UK May 9, 2012  AKR Radio Emission (class) Auroral (origin) Kilometric (spectral range)  Plasmaspheric Hiss Radio Emission (class) Plasmasphere (observed region) Hiss (frequency character)  Solar Radio Burst Type III Solar (origin) Radio Emission (class) Burst (temporal character) Type III (subclass of bursts)  Plasmagram Epsilon Traces (class) Ducted (propagation) Multi-Hop (qualifier)  Electron Cyclotron Resonance Resonance (class) Electron Cyclotron (propagation mode)  Atmospheric Gravity Wave 13

ESPAS Technical Meeting, Abington, UK May 9, Phenomenon Name Description Class Subclass Qualifier Quantity Observed Region Origin Propagation Spectral Range Frequency Character Temporal- Spatial Character

ESPAS Technical Meeting, Abington, UK May 9,

ESPAS Technical Meeting, Abington, UK May 9, 2012  Name = NmF2  Description = Peak plasma density of F2 layer  Class = Particle.Charged  Subclass = Electron  Qualifier = Profile.Altitude, Maximum  Quantity = NumberDensity  ObservedRegion = Earth.NearSurface.Ionosphere.F-region.2 16

ESPAS Technical Meeting, Abington, UK May 9, 2012  Name = foF2  Description = Critical frequency of F2 layer  Class = Wave.Plasma  Subclass = Electromagnetic  Qualifier = Stimulated, Derived  Quantity = Frequency.Cutoff  ObservedRegion = Earth.NearSurface.Ionosphere.F-region.2  SpectralRange = HF  Origin = ActiveInstrument  Propagation = Trapped  PropagationMode = 0  FrequencyCharacter = Line 17

ESPAS Technical Meeting, Abington, UK May 9, 2012  Expert adding the annotation Looks up common name in the master list If the name found  Translator uses given common name to retrieve full ontology specification If the name is not found  Expert specifies all components of ontology and adds new row to the master list 18

ESPAS Technical Meeting, Abington, UK May 9, 2012  User looking for annotations. Two possibilities: Looks up common name in the master list Specifies come or all components of the phenomenon description  Example: look for wideband emissions in magnetosphere Class = Radio Emission Frequency Character = Wideband Observed Region = Earth.Magnetosphere 19