Sustainability at Western Harbor Malmö, Sweden October 11, 2006

The Neighborhood Total area of 85,000 m 2, or about 21 acres. Mixed use development - will provide facilities for 30,000 people working, living and studying in a mixed use area with housing, retail, offices and education.

Sustainability Social Economic Environmental

Social Sustainability Accessibility Safety Meeting Places

Economic Sustainability Long lifetime for buildings and infrastructure Influential citizens Attractive

Ecological Sustainability Waste systems The “green” parts Mobility management Energy systems Environmentally adapted building and approval process

The Eco-Cycle City Separation of biological wastes Biogas digester Convenient collection system

Green Space Factor Green space requirement = 0.5 An amount of greening equivalent to half the site area must be provided by summing up factors for green roofs, open space, open water, green trellises. Types of enhancements in system include green factors for animals, plants and stormwater.

Calculating the Green Space Factor Example Green Factor calculation for the Green Factor for residential courtyard m2FactorScore for a site a garden plot green on the ground green on the wall green roof open water climbing plants This example shows only an extract from the full scoring system - there are many more items.

Stormwater Management Integrated into Green factor goals Stormwater managed through a series of open fresh and saltwater channels, open gutters, fountains and natural vegetation. “Biotopes” -- mini ecosystems design to provide habitat and teach people about them -- are scattered throughout the complex. Stormwater is recirculated in channels and playgrounds in the summer, for aesthetic reasons. Use of art throughout (“bug” platforms, carved stone weirs). Area ecologist employed to evaluate the system and educate.

Mobility Management Minimizing dependence on cars is a huge challenge Emphasize bicycling and public transportation Car traffic and parking is restricted Car sharing system (ala FlexCar)

Energy Systems Efficiency – goal of 105 kwh/m 2 Power production –Electricity from wind power and photovoltaics –Heat from solar collectors and ground source heat pump system –Cooling from heat pump and aquifer –Biogas Annual requirements met 100% by on-site renewable energy

Wind Power 2.0 MW Vestas turbine Located 3 km away – far enough to avoid disturbances, but close enough to “belong” to the area Connected to Malmö’s electrical grid Provides all of the area’s electrical needs

Thermal Solar Collectors 1,400 m2 on 10 buildings Vacuum and regular Connected to district heating network Integrated into building design Owned and operated by local utility Fulfills 12% of annual heating load

Photovoltaic Solar Collectors 120 m 2 on one building Integrated into the building as movable sun shading Designed to be demonstration project – gives the builder, architect and utility operational experience

Ground Source Heating and Cooling Extracts heat from aquifer and sea water Seasonal storage for heating and cooling 10 wells, 90m deep Linked to district heating and cooling system

Tätt skikt 20 m 90 m Cold wellWarm well Sealing layer Heat pump Aquifer 200 mLimestone

Warm wells Cold wells Local heating plant

Biogas Production Digestion of waste and sewage water Filtration and cleaning Natural gas network Supplies 22 detached houses (European village)

Energy Generation Energy Loads Heat Heat pump - 85% 3/4 aquifer 1/4 sea water Solar collectors - 12% Organic residues - 3% Electricity Wind % Photovoltaics - 0.2% Bo01 Heat Aquifer Electricity Heat Cooling 6300 MWh 4600 MWh Electricity Energy Balance

35 kWh elect / m 2 per year 70 kWh heat / m 2 per year Anticipated Results

Quality Program Developed to insure environmental performance – created by the City of Malmö in concert with developers Program was established and guidelines defined before any plots were sold Included green area factor, energy performance standards, requirement for residential courtyards to be planted with big trees etc Landscape architects had to be employed early in the process and a mechanism for the long-term management and maintenance of the outdoor spaces had to be developed Developers were held responsible for fulfilling requirements; however, no penalties assessed for failure to comply

An EnergyPlus Neighborhood Would provide… –Resiliency through diversity –Price stability –Insulation from wet/dry hydro cycles –Environmental and GHG benefits –Protection from terrorism and natural disasters