A NALYTICAL TOOLS FOR IDENTIFYING SKILL NEEDS : part of the social innovation tool-kit? Sanja Crnković-Pozaić Croatia Vienna

Themes today Working definition of social innovation Social innovation skills Metodology of identifying skill needs Possible uses in pursuit of social innovation 2

Definition of social innovation Development requires the increase of both material and social welfare As much as innovation in marketable goods and services creates material welfare, so Social innovation creates new value in the sphere of social welfare Therefore, social innovation is both a concept and a strategy for achieving balanced and sustainable development 3

Making social innovation possible Resources available in a country for social innovation determine the potential for achieving value added in the public good Types of resources needed: –Political will / setting objectives –Policy framework –Financial resources –Human resources –Institutional infrastructure 4

Possible fields of interest for social innovation 5 Environment Social networking Social welfare Education Health

Skills for social development Understanding both the supply and the demand for skills in the 5 outlined fields is key to promoting social innovation The questions we will be asking: –Which occupations are dominant in the fields of social development? –Which skill mixes are needed for the dominant fields? –What are the long term trends in demand for relevant occupations? –What are the characteristics of labour supply for the given occupations? –How do labour demand and supply match up? 6

About skill sectors A skill sector includes: –Qualifications, –occupations and competences which belong to a particular field of knowledge All skill levels are present from research to higher education, to simple occupations for which no qualifications are required, only practical experience 7

The skill sector is rather like a tree Roots are the qualifications When knowledge is applied in a work environment occupations result The branches are economic activities or industries where occupations are applied The highest branches signify higher knowledge content The horizontal spread of the branches signifies the application of knowledge in very many industries 8

High dispersion of occupations in the ICT industry 9

High concentration in the Forestry skill sector 10 4th circle 0-19% 3rd circle 20-49% 1 st circle 60+% 21 industries 36,8% of employed with sector occupations 3 industries 5,2% of employed with sector occupations 3 industries 58,2% of employed in sector occupations

Long term trends in ICT key industries,

The social innovation fields in Croatia (data 1Q 2011) Ecology and environment 5 economic activities 29 occupations 19,603 employed 12 skill sectors Research and development 2 economic activities 6 occupations 3,320 employed 12 Education 5 economic activities 29 occupations 19,603 employed 12 skill sectors Public administration 7 economic activities 55 occupations 92,126 employed 18 skill sectors

The application to Croatia Social welfare –5 economic activities –13 occupations –15,749 employed –7 skill sectors 13 Health – 5 economic activities –41 occupations –72,204 employed –14 skill sectors Social networks 3 economic activities 5 occupations 2,578 employed 5 skill sectors

Skill sectors in Social Welfare, 2011-Q1, % 14

The demand for social welfare services, education and health is growing 15

Steps in assessing demand for skills : some conclusions Steps taken: –Identify key economic sectors –Trace occupations within them –Group occupations into similar skill sectors –Look at long term trends in employment of key economic sectors –Work out the skill structure of each economic sector and estimate roughly the demand for skills. 16

Assessing supply of skills for the whole health and social welfare sector in Croatia Look at qualifications linked to the skill sector Lower level of analysis to the region Look at replacement demand for each key industry Compare annual replacement with unemployed and new entrants to the labour market 17

Matching supply and demand Health and social welfare skill sector, 2010 DEMAND Total employment in sector – 80,784 Employees aged – 34,4% Annual retirement – 1,853 No. of vacancies 2010 – 7,129 Demand is expected to grow SUPPLY Unemployed with health occupations – 6,735 New entrants from education – 1,146 Total supply – 6,735 Replacement demand – 6,735-1,853= +4,882 Replacement with youth – minus

What have we learned? The demand for skills in the health and social welfare sector will be fuelled by demographic change, longevity and the increasing pace of change There is short term excess supply of skills and there is more than adequate replacement demand There is medium term rise in demand as shown by the number of vacancies in relation to the number of unemployed The enrolment in health related qualifications is falling in time and more students carry on to higher education The long term prospects for this skill sector are not good and the only way out may have to be immigration. 19

Conclusions – uses of the methodology Planning qualifications, enrolment quotas Understanding demand for mediation and career guidance Human resource strategies for regional development Industrial sector strategies Employment promotion plans HUMAN RESOURCE NEEDS FOR SOCIAL INNOVATION? 20

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