1 Linux Programming Environment Setup

Outline  Introduce Linux  Install Linux on Vmware  在 Windows 下常用的 Software  Practice 2

INTRODUCE LINUX 3

History  Linus Torvalds make a Minix (Mini Unix) kernel Just only row of C codes  Richard Stallman bring up GNU plan Open source Free Unix-like  GNU/Linux  Linux Kernel + many modules 4

Use  Server MySql + PHP + Apache  Embedded system STB (Set Top Box)  Super Computer 75% (Top 500 on the world)  Game Sony PlayStation 3 Microsoft XBOX 5

Linux Kernel  Linux Kernel version format Linux-a.b.c  a  kernel version  b  odd : test  even : stable  c  number of bug fix  Common, Linux-2.4.x and Linux-2.6.x 6

Linux distribution  Redhat 9  Linux-2.4.x  Fedora 1  Linux-2.4.x  Fedora 2~  Linux-2.6.x  Debian  more app. (15940)  Trustix  more safe and stable  Knoppix  LiveCD 7

Other  There’s nothing impossible on Linux, because Source code can change  Find Linux distribution or modules 義守大學檔案伺服器  Good Web Site 鳥哥的 Linux 私房菜 8

INSTALL LINUX ON VMWARE 9

Vmware  Use software (VMware ESX Server) to“virtualize”the hardware resources  Including the CPU, RAM, hard disk and network controller  To create a virtual machine that can run its own operating system and applications just like a “real” computer 10

Install Linux – Vmware 執行畫面 11

Install Linux – 新增一個新的 Virtual Host 12

13 Install Linux – 選擇 Typical ( 典型 Virtual Host)

14 Install Linux – 撰擇 Virtual Host 上欲安裝之系統

15 Install Linux – 設定 Virtual Host 名稱及位置

16 Install Linux – 設定 Virtual Host 網路狀態

17 Install Linux – 決定 Virtual Host 可用之空間

18 Install Linux – 分配 Virtual Host 硬碟空間中

19 Install Linux – 完成一個 Virtual Host, 準備正式安裝 Linux

20 Install Linux – 選擇 image 檔來源, 可由網路捉取或由課程網站 download

21 Install Linux – 執行 Linux image 檔 ( 如同以光碟片開機 )

22 Install Linux – Linux 開機後的畫面

Install Linux – 略過 image 檢查 23

 Mainly, press the “Next” forever  We’ll point out options that need to setup below 24

25 Install Linux – 選擇所要的 Linux 環境

26 Install Linux – 網路設定

Install Linux – 時區設定 27

Install Linux – 登入之密碼設定 28

Install Linux – 選擇所要的 Linux 模組  只選擇以下套件 Development Tools Editors 29

Install Linux – 開始安裝到硬碟 30

Install Linux – 換下一片 image 檔 31

Install Linux – 決定是否建立開機磁片 32

Install Linux – 成功安裝 Linux, 重開機後之畫面 33

設定 Linux – 利用 setup 指令, 關閉不需要之服務 34

設定 Linux – 只留下 network 與 sshd 兩個服務後, 重開機 35

設定 Linux – 若需更改網路設定, 亦可利用 setup 指令重新設定 36

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在 Windows 下常用的 Software – 用來與 Linux 溝通 38

Pietty – 類似 Telnet 軟體  Use SSH ( Secure Shell ) protocol Allows data to be exchanged over a secure channel between two computers  Why use it? Convenient for In/Out Vmware console Good copy way  39

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Winscp – ftp 軟體  Support SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol) SCP (Secure Copy Protocol) FTP (File Transfer Protocol)  Good way to transmission data between Windows and Linux  42

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LINUX COMMON COMMANDS 45

Linux Command Format  Command [–options] [param1] [param2] … Short option use “-” Long option use “--”  Ex. dmesg gcc –v gcc ––help cp file1 file2 46

File management  ls  list ls –al  chmod  change authority -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 20 Sep 25 12: log 47 d : directory l : soft-link - : file c : char device b : block device owner group other r w x Ex. Chmod 755 file -rwxr-xr-x

 rmdir  remove directory  mkdir  make directory  cp  copy cp from to  mv  move or rename Move from to  cd  change directory cd cd – cd.. 48

 find -name  find file find –name  grep  find string dmesg | grep CPU  cat  print to stdout  file  print file info.  touch  change file’s timestamp  make a file 49

 rm  remove rm –rf  man  command manual  tar  uncompress or compress tar zxvf file.tar.gz tar zcvf backup.tar.gz /root tar jxvf file.tar.bz2  ln  soft-link ln –s 50

Network  route  setup or print route rule  ping ping -c 4  ifconfig  setup or print network ifconfig eth0 xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx  netstat  show the network status netstat -l 51

System  reboot shutdown –r  shutdown shutdown -h now  ps  print process ps aux  kill  terminate process kill killall 52

 uname  show system info. uname –r uname –a  free  memory allocate state  sync  store memory buf. to disk 53

Vi Editor  vi filename 54

Visual Mode  yy  copy a row  p  paste a row  dd  delete a row 55

Insert Mode  Input what you want 56

Command Mode  :wq  save file and quit  :q!  un-save and quit  :100  jump to 100 th row  /  find [key] in this file  press “n” to “Next” 57

Tips  Tab Command complement File complement  Up/Down Record command history  ` ` First to do Ex. ifconfig `cat net.conf`  net.conf  eth0 x.x.x.x 58

PRACTICE 59

First program - Hello World ~!  touch test.c 新增一檔案  vi test.c 撰寫 code  gcc test.c –o test 編譯程式 gcc -o ./test 執行程式 60 //test.c #include int main (int argc, char *argv[]) { printf("Hello world~!\n"); return 0; }

Homework  實現該 Linux 程式設計環境, 並利用已有之 程式碼編譯和執行出一簡單範例 程式碼請至課程網站 download (helloworld_sock)  Report Format 作業描述 流程圖 執行結果 問題與討論 心得 61

 Submission 以一個學號命名之壓縮檔 ( 此報告 ) 於期限內 E- Mail 寄至助教信箱和繳交紙本給助教 鄭玴吉 : ES711: 林宜鋒 : ES711:  Deadline 2008/03/19 晚上 12 點前  若有疑問可至 ES711 詢問助教 62