History Democritus - First to use the term atom Democritus - First to use the term atom Aristotle - Defined matter as composed of hot, cold, wet and dry.

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Presentation transcript:

History Democritus - First to use the term atom Democritus - First to use the term atom Aristotle - Defined matter as composed of hot, cold, wet and dry Aristotle - Defined matter as composed of hot, cold, wet and dry John Dalton - Modern Atomic Theory and Law of Multiple Proportions John Dalton - Modern Atomic Theory and Law of Multiple Proportions Antoine Lavoisier - Law of conservation of mass Antoine Lavoisier - Law of conservation of mass Joseph Proust - Law of Definite Proportions Joseph Proust - Law of Definite Proportions J.J. Thomson - Discovered the electron with cathode ray experiment and proposed Plum pudding model J.J. Thomson - Discovered the electron with cathode ray experiment and proposed Plum pudding model Robert Millikan - Discovered the charge/mass of the electron using Oil Drop Experiment Robert Millikan - Discovered the charge/mass of the electron using Oil Drop Experiment

Ernest Rutherford - Discovered the nucleus using gold foil experiment Ernest Rutherford - Discovered the nucleus using gold foil experiment James Chadwick - Discovered the neutron James Chadwick - Discovered the neutron Henri Becquerel - discovered radiation emitted by Uranium Henri Becquerel - discovered radiation emitted by Uranium Marie Curie - discovered two other elements that emitted radiation (Polonium and Radium) Marie Curie - discovered two other elements that emitted radiation (Polonium and Radium) Niels Bohr - Proposed energy levels and the Planetary model of the Atom Niels Bohr - Proposed energy levels and the Planetary model of the Atom Louis de Broglie - Proposed the wave particle duality of nature Louis de Broglie - Proposed the wave particle duality of nature Werner Heisenberg - Proposed the Uncertainty Principle Werner Heisenberg - Proposed the Uncertainty Principle Erwin Schrodinger – Proposed electron cloud model (quantum mechanical model) of an atom Erwin Schrodinger – Proposed electron cloud model (quantum mechanical model) of an atom

John Newlands – noticed pattern when elements were arranged by atomic mass (repeated every 8 th element). He used the word periodic to describe this pattern and named it the Law of Octaves John Newlands – noticed pattern when elements were arranged by atomic mass (repeated every 8 th element). He used the word periodic to describe this pattern and named it the Law of Octaves Lothar Meyer – made a connection between atomic mass and properties of elements and made periodic table Lothar Meyer – made a connection between atomic mass and properties of elements and made periodic table Dmitri Mendeleev– made a connection between atomic mass and properties of elements and made periodic table. Also predicted unknown elements. Dmitri Mendeleev– made a connection between atomic mass and properties of elements and made periodic table. Also predicted unknown elements. Henry Mosely – arranged periodic table by atomic number and gave us Periodic Law Henry Mosely – arranged periodic table by atomic number and gave us Periodic Law

Four parts of an experiment Independent variable – what the scientist changes, what is being tested. Independent variable – what the scientist changes, what is being tested. Dependent variable – what changes because of the independent variable. Dependent variable – what changes because of the independent variable. Control – the comparison item, it is used to see if the independent has an effect (usually a sample with no independent used) Control – the comparison item, it is used to see if the independent has an effect (usually a sample with no independent used) Constants – everything else that is in the experiment that we keep constant Constants – everything else that is in the experiment that we keep constant

5 Branches of Chemistry Organic – Carbon containing compounds Organic – Carbon containing compounds Inorganic – compounds that do not contain carbon Inorganic – compounds that do not contain carbon Analytical – analyze compounds to determine composition Analytical – analyze compounds to determine composition Physical – combines chemistry with physical to explain what happens when reactions occur Physical – combines chemistry with physical to explain what happens when reactions occur Biochemical – combines chemistry with biology to explain why life occurs on a molecular level Biochemical – combines chemistry with biology to explain why life occurs on a molecular level