Daily MODIS V006 BRDF, Albedo, NBAR Status and Updates Zhuosen Wang, Crystal Schaaf, Qingsong Sun, Yan Liu, Alan Strahler University of Massachusetts Boston, Boston University, NASA/GSFC And the large contingent of colleagues who have contributed to the development and validation of MCD43

Daily MODIS V006 BRDF, Albedo, NBAR Status and Updates MCD43A Albedo (ECV), NBAR (phenology, landcover, biomass, clear-sky), BRDF (anisotropy, structure, clumping) etc.

Daily MODIS V006 BRDF, Albedo, NBAR DAILY MCD43A Was originally proposed as a daily product Retrieved each day utilizing all high-quality, multi-date, multi- angle, cloud-free surface reflectances from a rolling 16-day period Day of interest is center date Fit semi-empirical Ross Thick Lis Sparce Reciprocal BRDF Model Number of angularly well distributed obs (RMSE, WoD) Weighted by quality, obscov, vicinity to day of interest Produced in 10˚ tiles on a 500m sinusoidal grid

Daily MODIS V006 BRDF, Albedo, NBAR DAILY MCD43A Extensive Quality flags Byte, not bit packed (mostly - dates used) Snow albedo retrieval (utilizing MO/YD10) Conservative high quality full inversion retrievals Poor quality back up magnitude inversion algorithm uses more recent high quality retrieval as a priori BRDF shape USE the QA!!

Daily MODIS V006 BRDF, Albedo, NBAR Daily CMG BRDF, Albedo, NBAR (MCD43D) 30arc-second global Separate full retrieval Uncertainty measures MCD43C (0.05 degree CMG) is average of underlying parameters Quality based on majority of underlying qualities MCD43_GF 30arc-second snow-free, gap-filled global CMG V005 version is available

Red 0-0.3 Blue 0-0.3 Green 0-0.3 V006 True color NBAR DOY 201, 2003 V006 Shortwave WSA DOY 201, 2003

MCD43 Collection V006 Eight Day -> Daily Collection V005 eight day product oldest Dynamic observation stream newest day 1, day 2 ... day 9, … day 16, day xxx … day 24 , day 25 … day xxx+15 … … … … … Collection V006 daily product oldest Dynamic observation stream newest day -8, day -7…DOI…, day 8, day xxx … day 16 , day 17 … day xxx+15 … … … … … … Observation weights Temporal, observation coverage, band quality

Updates: Number of input observations The first 4 layers V006: All the available layers Tile h16v01 Number of observations DOY 240

Extensive Validation CEOS/WGCV/Land Product Validation BSRN (gold standard of tower albedo measurements) Ameriflux, Surfrad, NEON, ARM, Fluxnet etc. Spatial representativeness of sites (Román et al., 2009) Multi-angle Airborne measurement (CAR, GLiHT etc) Lidar Measurements of Structure (DWEL, CBL, Airborne)

Validate MODIS/Landsat albedo using CAR In general, the satellite derived estimates meet the accuracy requirements established for the high-quality MODIS operational albedos at 500 m (the greater of 0.02 units or ±10% of surface measured values). Román et al., IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing,2013

Validation Sites CCP: Canadian Carbon Program Site Name Lat Lon MODIS Tile Land Type Flux Networks BC-Campbell River 1949 Douglas-fir 49.867 -125.334 h09v04 Evergreen Needleleaf Forest CCP SK-1998 Fire 54.092 -106.005 h11v03 Wetzstein 50.454 11.458 h18v03 IMECC Griffin- Aberfeldy-Scotland 56.607 -3.798 h17v03 AmeriFlux Tumbarumba -35.656 148.152 h30v12 Evergreen Broadleaf Forest OzFlux Hesse Forest- Sarrebourg 48.674 7.066 h18v04 Deciduous Broadleaf Forest Walker Branch 35.959 -84.287 h11v05 SK-1989 Fire 54.254 -105.878 Mixed Forests Bily Kriz- Beskidy Mountains 49.502 18.537 h19v04 Hainich 51.079 10.452 Harvard Forest 42.538 -72.172 h12v04 Mixed Forest Ameriflux Las Majadas del Tietar 39.942 -5.773 h17v05 Closed Shrublands Skukuza -25.020 31.497 h20v11 Savannas CarboAfrica El Saler-Sueca 39.276 -0.315 Croplands Langerak 52.004 4.806 Dripsey 51.987 -8.752 Grasslands Fort Peck 48.308 -105.102 h11v04 SURFRAD Boulder 40.050 -105.010 BSRN Cottonwood 43.950 -101.847 h10v04 Barrow 71.323 -156.609 h12v01 Tundra Imnaviat 68.613 -149.312 h12v02 LTER Desert Rock 36.620 -116.020 h08v05 Desert IMECC: Infrastructure for Measurements of the European Carbon Cycle

Validation Results Mixed Forest Needleleaf Forest Broadleaf Forest Savanna/ Shrubland Grassland/ Cropland/ Tundra Desert All quality Bias -0.0015 -0.0074 -0.0037 0.0071 0.0047 0.0028 RMSE 0.0187 0.0241 0.0162 0.0129 0.0293 0.0118 Full inversion -0.0005 -0.0067 -0.0025 0.0086 -0.0006 0.0025 0.0152 0.016 0.0123 0.0136 0.0211 0.0108 Magnitude inversion -0.0079 -0.0052 0.0008 0.0107 0.0215 0.0294 0.0203 0.0096 0.0375 0.0218 Snow free -0.0013 -0.0081 -0.0032 0.0033 0.0029 0.0183 0.0189 0.0151 0.0224 0.0117 Snow covered -0.0102 -0.0018 -0.0275 N/A 0.0175 0.0274 0.0487 0.0465 0.0634 (0.0465)* * RMSE during fully snow covered period

Spatial Representativeness Harvard Forest

Validation Efforts Daily V006 NBAR (500m MCD43A4) data for tile h12v04 on 5 Aug 2007 (DOY 2007217). Harvard Experimental Forest Petersham MA

V006 NBAR (500m MCD43A4) data for tile h12v02 on 6 Sep 2009 (DOY 2009249) over the Imnaviat, Alaska Flux Site

Gap-filled Snow-free MODIS Albedo V005 White-sky Albedo DOY 193 2010 RGB

Gap-filled Snow-added-back-in MODIS Albedo White-sky Albedo DOY 289 2010

Gap-filled Snow-free MODIS Albedo Quality V005 White-sky Albedo DOY 193 2010 QUALITY!!!!!!!!

Surface Structure and Anisotropy Lidar Validation Efforts Alan Strahler