Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Unit 4 Dream Background information

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Background information ： Your Dream Can Be Your Future Here is a basic truth you must accept and believe if you are to achieve your dream? Your dream can be a reality! That's right, your future can actually see you living your dream. It doesn't just have to be a big wish! When we are young we are dreamers. Nothing seems too big for us to accomplish. Nothing seems too outrageous. All dreamers (who eventually become accomplishers) have heard these things. Yet they overcome them. They refuse to accept someone else's "reality" for their own life. They let the average people live their average lives, bound by fear, while they pursue their chosen future - their dream! So don't believe the people who tell you that you can't or won't. Believe your dream. Believe that it can be your future! Once you have determined that you can actually live your dream, I want you to memorize this acronym. I shared it in an article a number of months ago but I found that it is tremendously helpful for reminding and motivating us toward our dreams. D is for Dare (dare to dream while others don't) R is for Relentless (relentlessly pursue your dream no matter what) E is for Excellence (strive for excellence in all you do) A is for Abandon (abandon any other alternative plans) M is for Measure (constantly measure where you are in your dream journey) Unit 4 Dream

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology If you are to achieve your dream, you need to plan and work and work and plan. Here are my thoughts on how to go about reaching your dream and securing it as your future: Decide that you will do it. This may seem elementary but many people never decide and commit fully to their dream. They simply keep "thinking" about it. Tell others that you are going to do it. This puts you on the record as to what you are dreaming about. It makes you accountable. It will help you do it if for no other reason than to avoid embarrassment! Develop a step-by-step plan. This is absolutely essential. You must sit down and write out a few things: 1. A timeline. How long will it take to the end? 2. Action steps. Point-by-point what you will do and when you will do them. 3. Resources you will need to draw from. What will it take? Who will need to be involved for help or advice? 4. An evaluation tool. You need to evaluate from time to time whether you are progressing or not. 5. A celebration. Yep, when you are done you should already have planned what you will do to celebrate. Make it big! Follow the action plan and set your sights for the top of the mountain! You will be glad you did! Unit 4 Dream

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Part 1. Speaking A. Look at the following pictures and match them with the names. 1. Getting fit and healthy 2. Traveling around the world 3. Going to university 4. Writing a novel 5. Switching to a new career SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Monica: Hay, Jack, did you see Smith? It seems that he is always traveling. Jack: Yeah his dream is traveling around the world one day. Monica: Wonderful, I want to be a dancer on day. What’s your dream, Jack? Jack: I want to be a writer. I want to publish a book in 20 and win a Nobel Prize one day. Monica: you are so hard working. Jack: you too. You practice dance 2hours a day! Monica: Practice makes me skillful. If I don’t I will be in bad move and maybe forget how to dance. Jack: yes practice makes perfect! Let’s go and fight for our dream! SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words B. Make similar dialogue as the following example with a partner.

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology C. Work in pairs. Talk about your dreams with your partner. You can take turns asking your partner the following questions. Then make a report about your dreams. What’s your dream? Do you feel they have value? Are they small, or are they much larger and more complex? How do you make your dream come true? SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Model The dreams that you have are there for a reason: to be realized as a part of fulfilling your life purpose. Many people have trouble seeing the potential of their dreams; they give up on them because they don’t see how they will ever come true. They just can’t see how taking the time to discover and to plan will have any impact on the dreams coming true. Have patience! Although your dream may not have come to pass yet, it can still be realized. You can still make your dreams a reality. SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Part 2 Listening ( 应用能力考试真题听力 ) A. Listen to the five dialogues for only once, and chooses the best answer to each of the questions you hear. 1. A) Book a ticket. B) Leave Beijing. C) Go to America. D) Buy some gifts. 2. A) An engineer. B) A professor. C) A secretary. D) A manager. 3. A) At a book store. B) At a bank. C) In an office. D) In a restaurant. 4. A) She can’t see the movie today. B) She doesn’t like the movie. C) She has already seen the movie. D) She prefers to watch movies alone. 5. A) Very happy. B) Excited. C) A little worried. D) Proud. Key: 1.A 2.D 3.B 4.A 5.C SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology B. Listen to the two short conversations for two times, and choose the best answer to each of the questions after each conversation. Conversation 1 6. A) Discussing a project. B) Meeting a customer. C) Giving a welcome speech. D) Taking a job interview. 7. A) She can have a higher pay there. B) She likes the environment there. C) The company is close to her home. D) The company offers a longer paid holiday. Conversation 2 8. A) To place an order. B) To book a hotel room. C) To change an appointment. D) To discuss a program. 9. A) To sign a contract. B) To take a holiday. C) To visit his partner. D) To have a family gathering. 10. A) 9 am. B) 10 am. C) 2 am. D) 3 am. Key: 6.D 7.B 8.C 9.A 10.D SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology C. Listen to one short passage for two times, and answer the five questions with a word or a short phrase (in not more than three words). 1.What do many young people think of the Internet? It is a good place to __________________________. 2. What can young people practice on the Internet? They can practice _______________________________by talking with people. 3. What is important for young people to know when talking with strangers online? Talking with strangers online can be __________________________________. 4. What should you do to protect yourself online? Never give your ______________________ to anyone. 5. What should you do if you feel uncomfortable with the topics of conversation? Stop _________________________________________________.. SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words make friends language skills personal information dangerous taking with others

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Powerful Ways to Make Time for Your Dreams Whatever your life looks like right now, I suspect that you wish you had a bit more time to pursue the things that really matter to you. Maybe you want to write a novel, or travel around the world, or switch to a new career, or get fit and healthy … whatever your dreams are, they’re important. The trouble is, it’s so hard to find the time to actually work towards them. Part 3. Reading Text A Read the passage and do the exercises. T T SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology P1 Whatever your life looks like right now, I suspect that you wish you had a bit more time to pursue the things that really matter to you. 参考译文： 无论现在你的生活是怎样的，我猜测你希望你有更多的时间去追 求真正对你重要的东西。

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Notes: P1 1. suspect: vt. 猜疑（是）；怀疑，不信任 e.g. We suspect they are trying to hide something, hence the need for an independent inquiry. 我们怀疑他们在企图隐瞒什么事，因此有必要进行独立调查。 e.g. Police suspect there may be a link between the two murders. 警方怀疑那两桩凶杀案可能有关联。 2. wish : v. 希望；想要 e.g. We wish you both health and longevity. 我们祝愿您二位健康长寿。 e.g. I wish I were taller. 我要是个子高一些就好了。

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Notes: P1 3. pursue: vt. 继续；追求 e.g. He began to pursue an easy and comfortable life. 他开始追求安逸舒适的生活。 e.g. He is desperate to pursue his vocation as an artist. 他不顾一切地从事艺术的职业。 4. matter ： vi. 要紧，重要；有重大影响 e.g. As long as staff are smart, it does not matter how long their hair is. 员工只要聪明，头发留多长没什么关系。

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology P2 Maybe you want to write a novel, or travel around the world, or switch to a new career, or get fit and healthy … whatever your dreams are, they’re important. The trouble is, it’s so hard to find the time to actually work towards them. 参考译文： 也许你想要写一本小说，或者周游世界，或者换了一个新的职业，或 想保持身体健体 无论你的梦想是，他们是非常重要的。麻烦的是，很难以找到 时间去将他们真正付诸实践。

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Notes: P2 5. switch: v. 切换到，转到，转变成 e.g. We switch over? I'd like to sit in the sun, too. 咱们换换位置好吗？我也想晒晒太阳。 e.g. The boys started to switch off after the first speech. 孩子们听完第一个人发言后就开始心不在焉了。 6. career: n. 生涯；职业；事业 e.g. She aspired to a scientific career. 她有志于科学事业 e.g. His career has been blighted by injuries. 他的事业不断受到伤病的困扰。

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Notes: P2 7. fit: adj. 合适的；恰当的；合身的 e.g. I tried the dress on but it didn't fit. 我试穿了那连衣裙，但不合身。 e.g. Getting it to fit exactly is a tricky business. 使这完全合适是件很难做到的事。 8. actually: adv. 实际上；事实上 e.g. What did she actually say? 她到底是怎么说的？ e.g. I don't want to boast, but I can actually speak six languages. 不是我吹嘘，我确实能讲六种语言。

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Here are several ways to make the time for your dreams. 1: Set Yourself a Minimum TargetMinimumTarget It’s easy to slip into an all-or-nothing mindset when you’re working on big goals. Instead of setting yourself challenging targets and beating yourself up for failing to reach them, try setting a minimum target. Whenever you reach your minimum target, put an X on the calendar. Your aim is to create a whole string of Xs. Your minimum target doesn’t have to be daily, but if you can manage that, it’s a great way to build up momentum.slip into calendarstring momentum 2: Cut Down Your CommitmentsCut Down Commitments Do you feel as though you can never quite catch up with all the things that you need to get done? If your commitments are stopping you from having time for your dreams, look at ways to cut down. Once you’ve managed to get rid of some commitments, don’t immediately sign up for more. Practice saying “no” … or if that’s too tough, tell people that now aren’t a good time, but they’re welcome to ask you again in a few months.catch up with T T SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology P3 Here are several ways to make the time for your dreams. 1: Set Yourself a Minimum Target It’s easy to slip into an all-or-nothing mindset when you’re working on big goals. Instead of setting yourself challenging targets and beating yourself up for failing to reach them, try setting a minimum target. Whenever you reach your minimum target, put an X on the calendar. Your aim is to create a whole string of Xs. Your minimum target doesn’t have to be daily, but if you can manage that, it’s a great way to build up momentum. 参考译文： 这里有几种方法可以为你的梦想腾出时间。 1 ：为自己设定一个最低目标 当你正在努力实现大目标时，这就很容易让人陷入一个全有或全无的心态。 你不是给自己设定具有挑战性的目标，并打败自己却未能达到目的，因此尝 试设定一个最低目标。 每当你达到你的最低目标，在日历上记一个 X 符号。你的目标是创立 X 的一 整个字符串。你的最低目标不一定是每天都有，但如果你可以管理操作，这 是一个建立气势的好方法。

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Notes: P3 9. minimum : adj. 最低的；最小的 e.g. This price is his minimum; he refuses to lower it any further. 这个价格是他开的最低价，他拒绝再作任何降价。 e.g. Materials are all washable and none or minimum iron. 料子可以洗，但勿用熨斗熨，或尽量少烫。 10. target : n. （服务的）对象；目标 （射击的）靶子；目的 e.g. The bombs went down—wham!—right on target. 炸弹落了下来，砰！正好击中目标。 e.g. The company has targeted adults as its primary customers. 这家公司将成年人作为其主要顾客。 11. slip into ： （ 使）滑进；塞进；（使）悄悄进入 e.g. Be careful not to let errors slip into the proofs. 注意不要让校样中出现差错。 e.g. He would slip into old Burge's shoes. 他可以继承老柏奇的事业。

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Notes: P3 12. mindset : n. 观念模式，思维倾向，心态 e.g. I can't take their mindset anymore. 我再也不能容忍他们的心态 13. calendar: n. 日历；历法；日程表 e.g. a calendar for 年日历 e.g. This is a solar calendar. 这是阳历。 14. string: n. 绳子，带子；线丝 e.g. a string of pearls 一挂珍珠 15. momentum: n.[ 物 ] 动量；势头；动力 e.g. The fight for his release gathers momentum each day. 争取使他获释的斗争声势日益加强。 e.g. The style prevails and picks up momentum. 这式样很流行，而且越来越流行。

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology P4 2: Cut Down Your Commitments Do you feel as though you can never quite catch up with all the things that you need to get done? If your commitments are stopping you from having time for your dreams, look at ways to cut down. Once you’ve managed to get rid of some commitments, don’t immediately sign up for more. Practice saying “no” … or if that’s too tough, tell people that now aren’t a good time, but they’re welcome to ask you again in a few months. 参考译文： 2. 减少你的托辞 你是否觉得你从来不能完全做完所有你需要完成的事情？ 如果您的托辞是阻止你有时间实现你的梦想，看看有什么方法来减少。一旦你 已经成功地摆脱了一些托辞，不要马上给自己加其他目标。学会说 “ 不 ”... 或者如 果那太难，告诉人们，现在不是一个好时机，但在几个月后欢迎他们再次询问你 。

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Notes: P4 16. cut down ：裁短；减少 e.g. He was so eloquent that he cut down the finest orator. 他能言善辩，胜过最好的演说家。 e.g. He cut down the tree and cut it up for firewood. 他把树砍倒，并把它劈成烧火用的小块。 17. commitment: n. 承诺，许诺；委任，委托 e.g. The builder had a commitment to finish the work on time. 那个承建商答应过准时完工。 18. catch up with: 追上； 赶上；对 … 产生坏影响 e.g. You walk on and I'll catch up with you later. 你往前走吧，我一会儿就赶上你了 e.g. I couldn't catch up with him. 我撵不上他。

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology 3: Beat ProcrastinationProcrastination Hopefully, your dreams inspire you; they help give your life meaning, and you feel motivated to reach towards them. If you constantly find yourself making excuses for not doing anything towards your dreams, procrastination is to blame. Maybe you really want to write a book … but every evening, you end up watching TV for three hours and writing precisely nothing.inspiremotivateconstantly blame precisely 4: Improve Your Finances Whatever your dreams are, a stronger financial situation will help you reach them faster. If you’ve got plenty of money in the bank, you’re in a great position to: Cut down your hours slightly at work, so you have more time for your dreams. You’re also likely to feel more secure and motivated. Ideally, you’ll want to work towards having an emergency fund; several months of living expenses in the bank. If your dream involves switching careers, traveling for an extended period, or working for yourself, then a financial safety net makes it much easier to take the plunge.slightlysecure Ideallyemergency fundexpense plunge T T SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology P5 3: Beat Procrastination Hopefully, your dreams inspire you; they help give your life meaning, and you feel motivated to reach towards them. If you constantly find yourself making excuses for not doing anything towards your dreams, procrastination is to blame. Maybe you really want to write a book … but every evening, you end up watching TV for three hours and writing precisely nothing. 参考译文： 3. 战胜拖延 我们希望，你的梦想可以激励你，他们能给你的生命带来意义，你会觉得有 动力去实现他们。 如果你经常发现自己找借口不做任何事去实现你的梦想，拖沓是难辞其咎的 。也许你真的想要写一本书 但每天晚上，你最终就看了三个小时电视，什 么都没写。

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Notes: P5 19. procrastination : n. 延迟，拖延 e.g. Procrastination is the father of failure. 因循是失败的根源。 e.g. Procrastination is the art of keeping up with yesterday. 拖延，是设法用上昨天的技巧。 20. inspire: vt. 鼓舞；激励；赋予灵感 e.g. The caves cannot but inspire wonder in the beholder. 这些洞穴让观者无不叹为观止。 e.g. The muse does not inspire all poets equally. 诗神并不一视同仁地赐给所有诗人灵感。 21. motivate : vt. 使有动机，促动，激发，诱导；刺激 e.g. You have first got to motivate the children and then to teach them. 你首先得激发孩子的学习兴趣，然后再去教他们。 e.g. How can teachers motivate children in the classroom? 在实际教学中教师如何激发孩子的学习动力？

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Notes: P5 22. constantly : adv. 不断地，时常地 e.g. Fashion is constantly changing. 时尚总是日新月异。 e.g. Planes flew overhead constantly. 飞机不断从头顶上飞过。 23. blame :vt. 指责，责怪 e.g. We shouldn't blame ourselves for what happened. 我们不应该为发生的事责怪自己。 e.g. Why are you trying to put the blame on me? 你为什么总想把责任推到我身上呢？ 24. precisely : adv. 精确地；恰好地；严谨地 e.g. Our objectives need to be precisely delineated. 我们的目标需详细解释清楚。

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology P6 4: Improve Your Finances Whatever your dreams are, a stronger financial situation will help you reach them faster. If you’ve got plenty of money in the bank, you’re in a great position to: Cut down your hours slightly at work, so you have more time for your dreams. You’re also likely to feel more secure and motivated. Ideally, you’ll want to work towards having an emergency fund; several months of living expenses in the bank. If your dream involves switching careers, traveling for an extended period, or working for yourself, then a financial safety net makes it much easier to take the plunge. 参考译文： 4. 改善你的财务状况 无论你的梦想是什么，更好的的财政条件将帮助您更快地实现他们。如果你 有足够的钱存在银行里，你就处于一个优势的位置： 稍微减少你的工作时间，这样你就有更多的时间去实现自己的梦想。 你还有可能会感到更加安心和有动力。在理想情况下，你先要为必备资金工 作 ; 在银行有几个月的生活费。如果你的梦想涉及跳槽，一段长时间旅游，或 为自己工作，那么一个金融安全网会使你更容易冒险尝试。

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Notes: P6 25. slightly : adv. 轻微地，轻轻地 e.g. Her hearing was found to be slightly defective. 经检查，她的听力有点缺陷 e.g. He hardly seemed to notice my presence. 他似乎没有注意到我在场。 26. secure: adj. 安全的；牢固的；有把握的；安心的 e.g. At last they were able to feel secure about the future. 他们终于觉得不必为将来而担忧了。 27. ideally: adv. 完美地；理想地；观念上地 e.g. Ideally, everyone would is given equal opportunities. 最理想的是，人人都能有平等的机会。 28. emergency : adj. 紧急的，应急的 e.g. The government has declared a state of emergency. 政府已宣布进入紧急状态。

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Notes: P6 29. fund : n. 基金；储备；现款 e.g. a disaster relief fund 赈灾专款 e.g. The scientist abandoned his research for lack of fund. 由于缺乏资金，这位科学家放弃了他的研究工作。 30. expense: n. 费用；花费的钱 e.g. We set a limit to the expense of the trip. 我们规定了这次旅游的费用。 31. plunge: n. 投入，陷入；游泳，跳水 e.g. John felt refreshed after a quick plunge in the lake. 在湖中游了一会儿泳后，约翰感到精神振奋。

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology 5: Plan Ahead Although it would be nice if hours of free time would magically appear from nowhere that rarely happens! If you want time to work on your dreams, you need to plan ahead. Take out your diary and look at the next few weeks. You might have a lot on during the next few days … but by looking further ahead, you can carve out some time. Put appointments with yourself into your diary, and honor them.carve out appointments T SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology P7 5: Plan Ahead Although it would be nice if hours of free time would magically appear from nowhere that rarely happens! If you want time to work on your dreams, you need to plan ahead. Take out your diary and look at the next few weeks. You might have a lot on during the next few days … but by looking further ahead, you can carve out some time. Put appointments with yourself into your diary, and honor them. 参考译文： 5. 未雨绸缪 虽然你也许会从很少会腾出时间的地方奇迹般地发现空闲时间是很好， ！ 但如果你想利用时间实现你的梦想，你需要提前计划。 拿出你的日记，看看未来几个星期。在接下来的几天你可能有很多事情要做... 但再往前看，你也能腾出一些时间。把自己的梦想写入你的日记，并履行他 们。

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Notes: P7 32 carve out: v. 雕刻出 … ；用辛勤的劳动创造出 … ； e.g. From their flexible and unformed minds I can carve out my fittest tools. 我可以把他们易变的、不成熟的心灵雕塑成最适合我的工具。 33. appointment: n. 约会；任命；职务；职位 e.g. She made an appointment for her son to see the doctor. 她为儿子约 定了看医生的时间。

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology A.Decide whether the following statement are true (T) or false (F) according to the passage. ( ) 1. It’s so easy for you to find the time to actually work towards them. ( ) 2. Your minimum target has to be daily. ( ) 3. Your dreams inspire you; give your life meaning and make you feel motivated to reach towards your goals. ( ) 4. If you constantly find yourself making excuses for not doing anything towards your dreams, procrastination is not to blame. ( ) 5. Whatever your dreams are, a stronger financial situation will help you reach them faster. F F T F T SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology B. Fill in the blanks with the words that match each of the meaning. cut down pursue switch to slip into build up emergency inspire precisely catch up with carve out 1. to develop gradually by increments. 2. to make something fall down by cutting it at the base 3. to change or transform 4. an unforeseen combination of circumstances or the resulting state that calls for immediate action 5. to give somebody the desire, confidence or enthusiasm to do something well 6. to create or develop something 7. to move with a smooth sliding motion 8. to reach somebody who is ahead by going faster 9. exactly 10. to find or employ measures to obtain or accomplish carve out cut down switch to emergency inspire build up slip into catch up with precisely pursue SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology C. Use the correct form of the giving words to fill in the blankets. 1. That book is not ______________ (health) reading for a child. 2. It's a __________ (brilliant) sunny morning. 3. Instead of ________ (set ) yourself challenging targets and beating yourself up for failing to reach them, try setting a minimum target. 4. It’s easy to fall into a pattern of _____________ ( procrastinate). 5. The more progress you make, the __________ (easy) it’ll be to continue. healthy brilliantly setting procrastination easier SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology D. Translation 1. 现在你已经有了将这些事情付诸于行动的激情 。 Now that you have your passion in mind it's time to start making it happen. 2. 他最终实现了成为一名飞行员的梦想 。 He had finally accomplished his dream of becoming a pilot. 3. 你需要为你的目标列一个详细步骤清单。 You should write a clear list of next steps towards your goal. 4. 面对不想做的事情，我们经常拖延。 Most often we procrastinate when faced with something we do not want to do. 5. 如何清除这些东西是个大问题。 How to get rid of these things is a big problem. SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Follow Your Gut, and You will be a Huge Success So, graduates, in closing, each of us has to stand in our own shoes, and the real question is how will you stand in your own? Will you stand in them with humility and compassion and integrity and courage? Well, I’m here to tell you, every day and every experience of your life will give you a chance to make that choice. It still happens to me, every day, all the time. So it still happens every single day, decisions-decisions come my way that require me to decide who am I really, what am I really doing this for? Decisions that allow me to make a decision as to whether or not I will do the right thing or will I do the popular thing. So for every experience in life, you get a chance to know whether or not right or whether or not you’ll follow the opinions of everyone else. Text B Read the following short article of basketball and finish the exercise. SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology For me, it’s all about following my gut. I am who I am because I trust my gut more than anyone else’s opinion and that is my best advice to you. You know what is right, and when everyone around you is telling you what you should do, what you shouldn’t do, and when you… have to ask more than anybody other than yourself, you have to ask anyone other than yourself, it is your instinct, your higher self’s way of saying, “Get still until you do know the answer, because your gut will never lead you wrong.” Trust your gut to help you stand proudly in your own shoes, as you help others stand in theirs, and I know you will be a huge success. You have my warmest best wishes and my most heartfelt congratulations. Text B Read the following short article of basketball and finish the exercise. SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology 1. Who does the author give suggestions to? A. undergraduates B. graduates C. middle school students 2. What’s the author’s attitude in the passage? A. positive B.pessimistic C. confused 3. What does the word “gut” refer to in the passage? A. bowel B. dream C.hardworking 4. Which statement is true? A. You trust others to help you stand proudly in your own shoes. B. The author still makes choices in the life. C. Get still before you do know the answer. 5. What’s the main idea of the passage? A. The author gives some suggestions to graduates about their dreams B. The passage tells us what should do and what shouldn’t do. C. We should never say die. SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words A B B B A

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Read the short passage and finish the exercise. Welcome to Bookstore. co.uk Bookstore. co.uk is the UK’s leading internet bookseller. It is an online bookshop with a range of over two million book titles. We offer discounts of 30% or over on our books and deliver books worldwide. You can order online or contact us via . We are a team of knowledgeable and very helpful booksellers and we stock books from the UK and USA. We offer a huge range of books available for delivery within 48 hours. We use the global airmail system including special express services to deliver from our UK distribution centre. Economical distribution is key to our business. We will keep you informed by about the status of your order including delivery. We supply private individuals, schools and organizations all over the world. Enjoy the best possible online book-buying experience with Bookstore. co.uk. If you can’t find what you are looking for, then use the search or advanced search to find the book you require. Follow us on UKBookstore. Extra Reading （ 应用能力考试真题） SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words Bookstore. co.uk Range of book titles: over (1) ____________________ Discounts offered: 30% or over Ordering methods: online or via (2) _________________ Terms of delivery: 1.time limit: within 48 hours2.means: global (3) ____________________ Target customers: private (4) ______________, schools and organizations worldwide Ways to find a book: use the search or (5)_____________ two million individuals advanced search airmail system

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology 状语从句 状语从句是句子的状语由一个从句充当，来修饰主句中的动词、形容词或 副词等。状语从句都由从属连词引导，与主句连接，放在句末时，一般不在 前面加逗号。 状语从句的位置比较灵活，有时可以放于句首，有时可以置于句末。状语 从句位于句首时，其后常用逗号与后面的句子隔开。 状语从句可以根据其用途分为：时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语 从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句、比较 状语从句、方式状语从句。 Part 4. Grammar SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words 1. 状语从句构成表： 状语 从句 时间状语从句 由 when, whenever, as, while, before, after, till, until, since, no sooner … than …, hardly (scarcely) … when … 等词或词组引导。 地点状语从句由 where 或 wherever 引导。 条件状语从句 由 unless, if, provided (that), providing, suppose (that), as long as, on condition that, in case 等词或词组引导。 原因状语从句由 because, since, as, for, seeing that, now that, in that 等词或词组引导。 目的状语从句由 so that, in order that, lest, for fear that, in case 等词或词组引导。 结果状语从句由 so that, so … that, such … that 等到词或词组引导。 让步状语从句 由 though, although, no matter, even if, even though, however, whatever 等词 或词组引导。 方式状语从句由 as, just as, as if, as though 等词或词组引导。 比较状语从句由 than 或 as 等词引导。

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words 2. 状语从句的用法： （ 1 ）时间状语从句 e.g. When I lived there, I used to go to the seashore. （ 2 ）地点状语从句 e.g. Where that high building stands, there used to be some low, deserted houses. （ 3 ）条件状语从句 e.g. If you leave at 6 o’clock tomorrow morning, you’d better get to bed now. （ 4 ）原因状语从句 e.g. Mr. Smith was very upset because he couldn’t find his luggage. （ 5 ）目的状语从句 e.g. School was closed early in order that the children might go home ahead of the storm. （ 6 ）结果状语从句 e.g. Speak louder please so that the people at the back can hear you. （ 7 ）让步状语从句 e.g. Although it was raining, the plane managed to take off. （ 8 ）方式状语从句 e.g. He speaks as if he is a Canadian. （ 9 ）比较状语从句 e.g. My grandma told me that her eyesight was as good as 10 years before.

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Exercise 1. They had talked only for a few _________ they found they were of different opinions. A. unless B. while C. before D. once 2. You can’t get a driver’s license _________ you are at least sixteen years old. A. if B. unless C. when D. though 3. She didn’t go to the party last night, __________ she had to finish her term paper. A. if B. though C. till D. because 4. When he went out, he would wear sunglasses __________ nobody would recognize him. A. so that B. now that C. as though D. in case 5. Young _________ he is, he has proved to be an able salesman. A. that B. who D. as D. which 6. With help of the German experts, the factory produced__________ cars in 1993 as before. A. as twice many B. as many as twice C. twice as many D. as twice as many 7. He bought an expensive coat _______ he had no job. A. unless B. since C. although D. till 8. ________ he is still working on the project, I don’t mind when he will finish it. A. In case B. As long as C. Even if D. As far as 9. _________ you have any questions or needs, please contact the manager after 5:00 p.m. on weekdays. A. Because B. where C. If D. although 10. The young man lost his job last month, but it wasn’t long _________ he found a new position in my company. A. before B. while C. as D. after SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words C C C B C A D C B A

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Part 5. Writing Letter of Apology 写道歉信因为自己的过失给别人带来了麻烦和不便，或者造成了伤害和 损失。为了消除别人的误解和反感。道歉信要写得真诚、清楚、而且要容易理 解。 致歉信有两类：一种是你因故不能干某事或因自己的差错造成损失向对 方致歉。另一种是对投诉的回复。致歉信通常包括三方面的内容：表示歉意， 解释理由，提出弥补措施。 SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Modal 1 SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words Sept.20, 2001 Dear Wang Mei, I am sorry I couldn’t go to your family party this weekend because I will be expecting my mother just about that time. She is stopping over on her way to Beijing and plans to spend the weekend here. She rang me up this morning, asking me to accompany her to buy some clothes as gifts to my sister in Beijing. Under such circumstances, I can’t make any other plans for the weekend. Anyway, thanks for asking me. I know I am missing a marvelous chance! Please do tell your family how sorry I am. Best regards! Sincerely yours, Song Jun

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words Modal 2 November 23, 2009 Dear Ms. Nancy Stone, Thank you for bring this to our attention, and we do apologize for this problem. Our concern is that we get this problem resolved for you as soon as possible. Included with your product is a packet of information for warranty work, repairs, and service agreements. You can mail the postcard with the needed information for a refund or a replacement, or simply visit our website and link onto “Complaints/Refunds”. Going on-line would be the quickest way, as you can simply that information to us. We apologize for the inconvenience this caused you. If you have any questions, feel free to call or contact me via . Sincerely, Jane Harman Customer Relations Advanced Computer Products, NYC, NY 10019

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Please write a Letter of Apology according to the given information. 保罗答应了要去参加海伦的４月８日的生日聚会，但后因公事出差，没能参加， 也没有及时告知海伦，替保罗写一封道歉信． Writing practice SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Time for Fun Proverbs 1.Where there is a will, there is a way. 有志者，事竟成。 2. Rome is not built in a day. 冰冻三尺，非一日之寒。 3. Great hopes make great man. 伟大的理想造就伟大的人。 4. Nothing is impossible for a willing heart. 心之所愿，无所不成。 SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology Joke My Dream Job The school of agriculture's dean of admissions was interviewing a prospective student. "Why have you chosen this career?" he asked. "I dream of making a million dollars in farming, like my father," the student replied. "Your father made a million dollars in farming?" echoed the impressed dean. "No," replied the applicant. "But he always dreamed of it." 农业学校的招生办主任在面试一个上线的学生， “ 你为何要选择这个职业？ ” 他 问。 “ 我梦想以经营农场来赚一百万元，就像我父亲一样。 ” 这个学生回答说。 “ 你父亲经营农场赚了一百万元？ ” 主任惊诧地问道。 “ 没有， ” 这位申请人回答道， “ 他总是梦想着赚到这个数目。 ” SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words New Words and Expressions realize / ˈ riəlaiz/ vt. 实现；了解 fulfill /ful ˈ fil/ vt. 履行（诺言等）；达到（目的） discover /dis ˈ k ʌ və/ vt. 发现 impact / ˈ impækt/ n. 影响 suspect /sə ˈ spekt/ vt. 怀疑，不信任 pursue /pə ˈ sju:/ vt. 继续；追求 mindset / ˈ ma ɪ ndset/ n. 观念模式，思维倾向 target / ˈ t ɑ : ɡ it/ n. （服务的）对象；目标 minimum / ˈ miniməm/ adj. 最低的；最小的 manage / ˈ mænid ʒ / vt. 使用；完成（困难的事） momentum /məu ˈ mentəm/ n. 动量；动力 commitment /kə ˈ m ɪ tmənt/ n. 承诺, 许诺 inspire /in ˈ spaiə/ vt. 鼓舞；激励 motivate / ˈ məutiveit/ vt. 使有动机，促动 procrastination /prə ʊˌ kræst ɪˈ ne ɪʃ n/ n. 延迟，拖延 precisely /pr ɪˈ sa ɪ sli:/ adv. 精确地；恰好地 emergency /i ˈ m ɜ :d ʒ ənsi/ adj. 紧急的，应急的 involve /in ˈ v ɔ lv/ vt. 包含 extended / ɪ k ˈ stend ɪ d/ adj. 延伸的；扩大的

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words financial /fa ɪˈ næn ʃ l/ adj. 财政的； 金融的 plunge /pl ʌ nd ʒ / n. 投入，陷入 magically / ˈ mæd ʒɪ kli/ adv. 如魔法般地，用魔法地 rarely / ˈ r ɛ əli/ adv. 很少地；罕有地 appointment /ə ˈ p ɔɪ ntmənt/ n. 约会；职务 honor / ˈɔ nə/ vt. 尊敬，给以荣誉 graduate / ˈ græd ʒ uət/ n. 毕业生 humility /hju: ˈ m ɪ ləti/ n. 谦逊，谦恭 compassion /kəm ˈ pæ ʃ n/ n. 怜悯，同情 integrity /in ˈ te ɡ riti/ n. 正直，诚实 courage / ˈ k ʌ r ɪ d ʒ / n. 勇气；胆量 single / ˈ siŋ ɡ l/ adj. 单一的；惟一的 require /ri ˈ kwaiə/ vt. 要求；需要 gut /g ʌ t/ n. 勇气；直觉 opinion /ə ˈ pinjən/ n. 意见，主张 instinct / ˈ instiŋkt/ n. 本能，天性 heartfelt / ˈ h ɑ :tfelt/ adj. 衷心的；诚挚的 congratulation /kən ˌ græt ʃ u ˈ le ɪʃ n/ n. 祝贺，恭喜

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words PhrasePhrases and expressions give up 放弃 come true 实现，成真 switch to 切换到，转变成 slip into （使）滑进；（使）悄悄进入 build up 逐步建立；增进 cut down 裁短；减少 catch up with 追上；赶上 plenty of 很多，大量的 take the plunge 冒险尝试 take out 取出，除去 carve out 用辛勤的劳动创造出 …

Hunan Polytechnic of Environment & Biology 公共基础课部大学英语教研室 2014 年 2 月 SpeakingListeningReadingGrammarWritingTime for funNew words