Merri Baldwin Brian Martin John Steele Maya Steinitz

Henry Sumner Maine Ancient Law 1861

Henry Sumner Maine “The movement of progressive societies has hitherto been a movement from Status to Contract” Maine, Ancient Law, Chapter 5

Henry Sumner Maine “… [those] persons … are subject to extrinsic control [because] they [lack] the faculty of forming a judgment of their own interests; in other words, that they are wanting in the first essential of an engagement by contract.” Maine, Ancient Law, Chapter 5

Status to Contract “The legal profession is moving away from traditional conceptions of professionalism to a commercialized and industrialized alternative.” John Flood, Will There Be Fallout from Clementi? ( )

Status to Contract Corporate GC and Biglaw Lawyer: GC: “Are you trying to contract for the sale of your conflicts space?” Biglaw: “Are you trying to buy it?”

Privatizing Ethical Obligations “clients can, in fact, exert considerable influence over the ethical behavior of their outside counsel. More significantly … such influence is an important form of ‘private regulation’ that may fill in the gaps between government regulation of legal ethics and self-regulation by the industry” [Christopher J. Whelan & Neta Ziv, Fordham Law Review, 2012]

Theses 1. Courts should presume the validity of contracts between lawyers and clients with in-house GCs. 2. Contracts of that type are generally beneficial to clients and lawyers. 3. Vulnerable clients should be more limited in their ability to enter into such contracts. 4. Judicial review of certain categories of agreements is necessary. 5. This process is more developed than most judges realize.

Contracting Around?

Clash of Ethics and Conflicts in Non-Class Aggregate Litigation  "Ethical Issues in Mass Tort Plaintiffs' Representation: Beyond the Aggregate Settlement Rule"  81 Fordham Law Review 3233 (2013). Professor Nancy Moore (Boston University)

Questionable Provisions in Non-Class Aggregate Litigation  Lawyers shall:  Recommend the settlement  Rire clients who don’t settle  Refuse new clients  Clients bound re settlement by:  Majority or super-majority vote  Committee vote  Clients receive a group representation rather than individual representation

Corporate Affiliate Conflicts One Client Clause Enforced One Client Clause Not Enforced GSI Commerce Solutions v. BabyCenter, LLC 618 F.3d 204 (2 nd Cir. 2010) E2Interactive v. Blackhawk 2010 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 48333

Some Examples

2011 US App LEXIS (Fed. Cir. 9/22/11) In re Shared Memory Graphics LLC  In-house lawyer covered by JDA  Advance waivers are ok, even beneficial  DQ motion denied  Dissent: would ignore advance waiver

APPC Services v. AT&T Corp.  Firm’s written agreement bound lawyer who left firm  Agreement exceeded ethics rules standards

2011 US Dist LEXIS (4/29/2011) Multimedia Patent Trust v. Apple  Splitting suits to avoid current client conflict  Other firm handled suit against current client  Same technology at issue  Client intervened; DQ denied

62 Hastings L.J. 677 (2011) Rotunda Resolving Client Conflicts by Hiring "Conflicts Counsel "

2013 US Dist LEXIS 24171; N.D. Tex. (2/21/2013) Galderma v. Actavis  Upholds open-ended advance waiver at to unrelated matters  Advance waiver held enforceable  Client: sophisticated purchaser of legal services  Client reppred by sophisticated GC

Macy's Inc. v. J.C. Penny Corp., 2013 NY Slip Op (App Div, 1st Dept June 27, 2013) [2013 BL ] Macy’s v. J.C. Penny Corporation  Upholds open-ended advance waiver at to unrelated matters  Was not signed by client!  If you accept our work, you agree to these terms  In-house lawyer “subliminally rejected” clause

OCG Terms 1. Client ID 2. Definition of “Conflict” 3. Process for Conflicts/Waivers 4. Tasks and Tactics 5. Indemnification 6. Most-Favored-Nation 7. Choice of Ethics Rules 8. 1-Lawyer Rule

Choice of Ethics Law  Choice of ethics law rejected  “Back door” provision in 8.5

Corporate Affiliates This Representation is limited to representing the Company [and any entities listed on Exhibit A]. Company acknowledges that the Representation does not include the representation of any individual, officer or subsidiary, parent, or other corporate affiliate of the Company [unless included on Exhibit A]; any future expansion of the engagement beyond the Actions will be specified in writing.

Funding Clauses 1. Choice of Counsel 2. Decision-making 3. Attorney Loyalty 4. Frivolous Litigation 5. Confidentiality/Monitoring 6. Keeping Funder Advised