with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall1 PowerPoint Presentation to Accompany GO! with Microsoft ® Access 2007 Volume 1 Chapter 4 Designing and Building a Relational Database

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall2 Objectives Customize Table Fields Structure Data Input Validate Data Input Create Indexes and Change Sort Order Create Relationships between Tables Create Forms and Reports with Related Tables

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall3 Customize Table Fields Data types determine type of data stored in a field Field properties ensure data is consistent and correct Caption properties make entry more user friendly Ten different data types Attachment data type used to store pictures, Office files, and small programs

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall4 Customize Table Fields

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall5 Structure Data Input Lookup data type or lookup field retrieves values Lookup Wizard fills in correct field property to do a lookup Combo box shows arrow that lists items List box displays values without arrow Row source property specifies table, query, or typed list Multiple column lookup field enables more than one column of data to be seen

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall6 Structure Data Input

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall7 Structure Data Input Input property mask controls the structure of entered data Input Mask Wizard: Prebuilt input masks for common formats Input masks can be tested, modified, and created manually Placeholder characters can be replaced during data entry Literal characters are characters that cannot be replaced

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall8 Structure Data Input

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall9 Structure Data Input Figure 4.13

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall10 Structure Data Input Special meanings are assigned to placeholder characters CharacterMeaningCharacterMeaning 0A single digit is required.&Any character is required (spaces are characters). 9A single digit is optional.CAny character is optional. LA single letter is required.PASSWORDDisplays them as asterisks(*). ?A single letter is optional.\The following character will be a literal character. AA single letter or digit is required.>All characters that follow change to uppercase. aA single letter or digit is optional.<All characters that follow change to lowercase.

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall11 Validate Data Input Access provides tools to ensure valid data is placed in tables Fields can be identified as required Rules can be written to ensure specified criteria are met By default, only field that must be entered is the primary key

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall12 Validate Data Input If field’s Required property is set to Yes, that field must contain an entry Allow Zero Length property determines if an entry can have zero characters Set to No the field is required

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall13 Validate Data Input

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall14 Validate Data Input Validation Rule property method to ensure validity Validation Text property provides a custom message Data integrity: Data is entered and stored according to its intended use Default values save time Data typically entered into forms Test validation system using forms

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall15 Validate Data Input

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall16 Validate Data Input

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall17 Create Indexes and Change Sort Order Data is often searched and sorted Indexes speed searching and sorting Indexed property creates a second table Indexes can slow data entry table updates By default tables sorted on primary key

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall18 Create Indexes and Change Sort Order Databases can be sorted on other fields These fields should be indexed –Yes (Duplicates OK) creates an index that allows duplicates –Yes (No Duplicates) builds an index where every value is unique Indexes can be built to ensure a field’s value is unique

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall19 Create Indexes and Change Sort Order

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall20 Create Relationships between Tables Many programs can store data in tables True power of using a database is its ability to relate tables Relationships are an association between two tables using a common field Relationships can be created several ways

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall21 Create Relationships between Tables Referential integrity refers to rules used to preserve valid data Related fields do not need to have same name, just same data type One-to-one relationship: Common field used to join tables Used in limited situations

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall22 Create Relationships between Tables

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall23 Create Relationships between Tables Subdatasheet is datasheet nested within another Displays the records joined to the first table through a relationship Created in Design view

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall24 Create Relationships between Tables

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall25 Create Relationships between Tables One-to-many relationship is an association between two tables in which the primary key of each record in the primary table corresponds to the value in the matching field of many records in the related table Common field is typically the first table’s primary key

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall26 Create Relationships between Tables In second table the related field is called the foreign key Foreign keys are always on the “many” side of the relationship

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall27 Create Relationships between Tables

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall28 Create Relationships between Tables Referential Integrity are the rules that you follow to preserve the defined relationships between tables when you add, update, or delete records Cascading update changes related occurrences of data if table is changed Cascading delete deletes all matching records in the second table when a record is deleted from the first

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall29 Create Relationships between Tables In many-to-many relationships records in either table can match many records in the other table One-to-many relationship is the most common

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall30 Create Relationships between Tables

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall31 Create Forms and Reports with Related Tables Queries, forms, and reports can access data from related tables in a relational database Relationship report shows the current layout of the Relationship window Data can be queried from more than one table

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall32 Create Forms and Reports with Related Tables A single form can be used to enter data from more than one table Subforms are forms inserted within another form They are often used for tables in one-to- many relationships Subforms display data from a related table

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall33 Create Forms and Reports with Related Tables

with Microsoft Access 2007 Volume 1© 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall34 Objectives Customize Table Fields Structure Data Input Validate Data Input Create Indexes and Change Sort Order Create Relationships between Tables Create Forms and Reports with Related Tables