Leadership Training Unit 6: Navigation Part 3

2  It’s ok, you can use that word!  I can do it.  I will learn how to.  It’s NOT too hard, I can learn.  Bushwalkers need that – even me! BWV Walk Leader Training Unit 6 – Navigation N_v_ g _ _ _ _ n Part 2

3 BWV Walk Leader Training Unit 6 – Navigation COMPASS How does such a little thing cause such great apprehension?

4 BWV Walk Leader Training Unit 6 – Navigation Some of you already know a bit about one of these. This is a magnetic compass.

5 BWV Walk Leader Training Unit 6 – Navigation Who feels very confident using a compass? Who feels sort of ok using a compass? Who feels worried about using a compass? Let’s try to demystify it for everyone.

6 BWV Walk Leader Training Unit 6 – Navigation The pivoting magnetised metal needle always points to the North Magnetic Pole. Stand clear of metal objects like cars when using your magnetic compass. Be aware that some rocks can influence your compass too. Mt Jim is one such place.

7 BWV Walk Leader Training Unit 6 – Navigation Remember your Maths from back in school? How many degrees are in a circle? 360° Look at the compass in front of you. Is it a circle? Yes!

8 BWV Walk Leader Training Unit 6 – Navigation In bushwalking, we use bearings in degrees, and all bearings will be somewhere between 0° and 360°. We usually move clockwise around the circle, from North. Remember Never Eat Soggy Weetbix (NESW), and you have the cardinal points of the compass.

9 BWV Walk Leader Training Unit 6 – Navigation North 0° or 360° East 90° South 180° West 270°

10 BWV Walk Leader Training Unit 6 – Navigation Features of a compass

11 BWV Walk Leader Training Unit 6 – Navigation Turn to page 17 in your Map Reading Guide. As it says here, a bushwalking type compass, with a rotating housing, can be used as a protractor for obtaining grid bearings on a map.

12 BWV Walk Leader Training Unit 6 – Navigation Using your compass to reach a destination (MRG, P17-18) Set your compass to a bearing of 163° See step 1, page 18. Hold the compass level in front of you, with Direction of Travel Arrow pointing ahead.

13 BWV Walk Leader Training Unit 6 – Navigation Step 2, page 19. Turn your body to align the red end of the needle with the N on the dial. Are we all facing the same direction?

14 BWV Walk Leader Training Unit 6 – Navigation Step 3, page 19. We would now pick out a feature on the bearing line and we’d walk to that feature. This is the procedure you follow to walk on a compass bearing.

15 BWV Walk Leader Training Unit 6 – Navigation This is used in featureless country but is also important when descending a spur. A spur is easy to lose particularly if it flattens out or divides. After facing the direction of travel obtained from the map, look ahead to a distinct object, e.g. a rock or large tree, and walk towards it. When you get there, repeat with another object. Walking on a Bearing

16 BWV Walk Leader Training Unit 6 – Navigation How do we actually obtain the compass bearing? We use the map and the compass together! Turn to MRG page Obtaining a compass bearing

17 BWV Walk Leader Training Unit 6 – Navigation Work on your own or with a neighbour. Follow these steps to complete Exercise 6.

18 BWV Walk Leader Training Unit 6 – Navigation 1.Look for your position on the map and the position of your next objective. In this case you are at GR (circled track intersection) and wish to walk to Mt Warby. 2.Lay your compass edge along the route to be taken with the direction of travel arrow pointing to your destination. 3.Turn the housing so that the parallel lines in it are parallel to the grid lines on the map pointing north. 4.Read the grid bearing on your compass. It is 150 deg. 5.Subtract 12 deg – This will give a magnetic bearing of 138 deg. Exercise 6

19 BWV Walk Leader Training Unit 6 – Navigation 6.Hold the compass correctly and turn around so the magnetic needle is aligned with the housing arrow. You are now facing the direction of travel. 7.Now find the magnetic bearing from Mt Warby to knoll GR (Hill 440), = 176 deg. 8.Then from the previous knoll to a saddle at GR (370 feature), = 266 deg. 9.From the saddle to knoll GR (Hill 430), = 347 deg. 10.From there back to the intersection at the start = 31 deg. 11.How far have you travelled, (as the crow flies)? _________ km. Exercise 6 continued

20 BWV Walk Leader Training Unit 6 – Navigation The bearing you get from the map is called a grid bearing or sometimes a true bearing. The bearing you get on your compass is a magnetic bearing. Grid (or true) bearings and magnetic bearings are NOT THE SAME. You have to convert your bearings. Conversion of bearings

21 BWV Walk Leader Training Unit 6 – Navigation A very brief bit of theory. The earth is a sphere (almost). The “top” of the earth is the North Pole. Just near the North Pole is the Magnetic North Pole.

22 BWV Walk Leader Training Unit 6 – Navigation Your compass points to the Magnetic North Pole, so there are differences between the magnetic bearing and the grid (or true) bearing. Magnetic variation changes, depending on where you are on the surface of the earth. In Victoria currently, the variation is about 12° East.

23 BWV Walk Leader Training Unit 6 – Navigation There are various mnemonics to help remember how to convert. Personally, I use GMS, Grand Ma Sucks. Another is the sports car, the MGA. Page 19 suggests MAG - Magnetic Add (for) Grid These only work for variation to the EAST!

24 BWV Walk Leader Training Unit 6 – Navigation Questions? Remember, just like for maps, the more you create and use bearings, the better you CAN create them and use them. Trying to learn how to get a bearing in the pouring rain with your map flapping in the wind is really hard. Have a go – at every opportunity. Ask other leaders when you’re on walks with them. Push yourself and become more confident. Everyone of you here can do it.

25 BWV Walk Leader Training Unit 6 – Navigation Have a go now using the exercises on the Route Plan Card in your folder. If you finish doing all the bearings and grid references early, add more information to the Route Plan Card. Distance, height gained and lost and other information ensures your planning is detailed.