Study of Hot QCD matter at RHIC and LHC ShinIchi Esumi, Inst. of Physics, Univ. of Tsukuba APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba1 Contents Temperature Energy loss Collective flow Critical point

Partonic Phase Hadronic Phase Phase Transition Hadronic Phase -> Partonic Phase FAIR J-PARC RHIC LHC APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba2

APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba3 RHIC at BNL, sqrt(s NN ) = GeV/c (New York, USA) LHC at CERN, sqrt(s NN ) = TeV/c (Geneva, Switzerland) Colliding Nucleus

PHENIX STAR CMS ATLAS ALICE APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba4 Experiments at RHIC and LHC

CMS STAR PHENI X Experimental data a few k to 10k particles per collision APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba5

APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba6 arXiv: Enhanced thermal photon production at low p T Virtual and real photon measurements via internal and external conversion methods with electron pair measurements Real photon measurements with EMcal Initial temperature of 300  600MeV independent slope w.r.t. centrality yield ~ N part 1.5 pp AuAu dN / dy N part

APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba7 PHENIX, QM14 Direct (thermal) photon v 2 and v 3 comparable to hadron for both v 2 and v 3 at 2  3GeV/c significant contribution from photons from later stages (inconsistent with early photons from hotter period) flatter p T dependence of v 2 at low p T v2v2 v3v3 v2v2 v3v3 v n = (n=2 : elliptic flow), (n=3 : triangular flow)

APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba8 Chemical Freeze-out temperature : Particle species, ratios are fixed at the end of inelastic interactions Thermal Freeze-out temperature : Particle spectra are fixed at the end of elastic interactions Initial temperature : Direct thermal photon measurement initial temperature History of temperature before/after the phase transition Critical Point : 1 st order phase transition non-monotonic behavior expected fluctuation to diverge critical point

PRL 109 (2012) R AA APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba9 PRL 109 (2012) High p T direct photon as penetrating probe v2v2 00  dir  inc 2.76TeV Pb+Pb  0 (surface)  N (A+A) N coll N(p+p) R AA = relative yield with respect to a simple independent superposition of pp data p T > 5 GeV/chadron  dir R AA  v2v2 

APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba10 PRL 112 (2014) PRL 111 (2013) Energy loss at high p T and re-distribution of the lost-energy at low p T at RHIC prompt photon - hadron correlation N PTY = associate hadron yield per trigger  I AA = N PTY (AA) / N PTY (pp)  h h jet High p T Low p T jet - hadron correlation S PT = associate hadron p T sum per jet D AA = S PT (AA) - S PT (pp) High p T suppression Low p T enhancement

APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba11 Modification of jet F.F. at LHC re-distribution to lower p T and to larger angle Phys. Rev. C 90 (2014) CMS QM2014

APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba12 STAR, QM14 Jet quenching at RHIC vs LHC (A J : di-jet energy asymmetry) visible effect with smaller jet cone R  0.2 at RHIC lower jet energy than LHC, smaller effect than LHC mostly recovered jet energy within larger jet cone R  0.4 Somewhat contradicting with large angle emission of low p T particles (jet selection bias…) The difference is mostly gone. P T,1  P T,2 P T,1  P T,2 A J = Jet 1 (p T,1 ) Jet 2 (p T,2 ) R  0.2 R  0.4 in (  )

APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba13  0 (hadron) Jet (+hadron) Jet (large R) Gamma Closer and closer to the initial parton energy more and more surface bias given by energy loss surfacecenter jet-suppression by partonic energy loss and/or modification of fragmentation function Jet reconstruction is to recover the lost energy to get the original parton depending on parameters. Jet as a control tool to define path length quark/gluon contribution should also be considered Jet (small R) QGP (These two can not be clearly separated experimentally!)

APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba14 Elliptic flow with PID at RHIC and LHC STAR, QM14 200GeV Au+Au qq qqq ss sss High statistics measurements allow a precise comparison of v 2 (p) and v 2 (  ). Some small deviation from hydro-like mass dependence of v 2 at low p T  puzzle between peripheral and central at LHC meson baryon Number of quark scaling as a signal of partonic phase meson baryon 2.76TeV Pb+Pb arXiv: p T (GeV/c)

APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba15 Elliptic flow in a small system? peripheral subt. d+Au in Glauber model arXiv: p T (GeV/c) peripheral subtraction arXiv: TeV p+Pb : ATLAS before and after jet-subtraction PLB 726 (2013)

APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba16 Associate yield / trigger effectively partonic cascade : on/off AMPT simulation p+Pb 5TeV (string-melting on/off) for ALICE backward-central  correlation (|  |=3  6) p T /  cuts are chosen for ALICE TPC-V0A acceptance. JPS 2014/Mar, Kazuki Oshima, Univ. of Tsukuba TPC : |  |<1 V0A: 3<  <5 (Pb-going side) V0C : -4<  <-2 (p-going side) string-melting on string-melting off : hijing + hadronic cascade

APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba17 Elliptic and Triangular expansion : v 2, v 3 Elliptic and Triangular shape : R HBT  2, R HBT  3 Triangular expansion and shape vnvn n=2n=3 n=2 n=3 p T [GeV/c] PRL112 (2014) PHENIX, QM12

APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba18 ATLAS, QM14 v 2 (Low pT) vs v 2 (high pT) v 2 vs v 3 Cross harmonics correlation with Q 2 selection

APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba19 ALICE, QM14 CMS, QM14 p T dependent flow fluctuation measure of factorization amazing similarity in hydro-models especially in central and at mid-p T despite of hydro-failure to explain v n in central…

APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba20 Event shape selection by Q 2 (  v 2 )  =  Asso. –  Trig. 1/N trig dN Pair /d  PHENIX preliminary PHENIX, QM12 ATLAS, QM14  final via HBT interferometry PHENIX, QM14 relation of  2 initial – v 2 –  2 final for a given centrality flow BG subtracted jet correlation 2-particle correlation  2 final

More differential studies of hard-soft interplay, jet-medium interaction, jet-flow correlation methods Multi-particle correlation Jet-hadron /  -hadron correlation Jet fragmentation function Di-jet distribution  2 dep. analysis  3 dep. analysis  Jet dep. analysis Yet another axis as a control parameter to define path length, geometry and expansion. Please join me, if you agree… APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba21

ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba22 3 He+Au collision data on tape in RHIC-RUN14 APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014  PHENIX, QM14 Various flow studies at RHIC 200GeV Cu+Au hydro- calculation Au spectators Cu spectators  1 Cu (x)  1 Au (-x) participants beam z Cu+Au collisions ( v 1  ) reaction plane x (x-z plane) y arXiv:

APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba23 Beam energy dependence of v 1, v 2, HBT and charge asymmetry  PRL 112 (2014) PHENIX, QM14 PRL112 (2014) arXiv:  GeV  v expansion

APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba24 STAR, QM14 Fluctuation of conserved quantities such as net-baryon, net-charge distribution PRL 112 (2014) arXiv:  GeV There must be optimum acceptance.

FAIR at GSI (Darmstadt, Germany) J-PARC at JAEA/KEK for heavy-ion collisions (Tokai, Japan) Full energy Pb+Pb collisions at LHC Luminosity upgrade at LHC Beam energy scan II at RHIC A state-of-art jet detector at RHIC Future facilities APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba25 Future plan

APS-DNP/JPS joint meeting, Waikoloa, Hawaii, 7-11/Oct/2014ShinIchi Esumi, Univ. of Tsukuba26 Summary Initial temperature and collective flow via thermal photons Partonic energy-loss using jets and prompt photons Collective flow even in small system Event shape selection as another control parameter Beam energy scan to search for a critical point Future facilities