Motherboard Aj.Drusawin Vongpramate Information Technology, Faculty of Science Buriram Rajabhat University

Motherboard A motherboard (sometimes alternatively known as the mainboard, system board, planar board or logic board or colloquially, a mobo) is the main printed circuit board (PCB) found in computers and other expandable systems. It holds many of the crucial electronic components of the system, such as the central processing unit (CPU) and memory, and provides connectors for other peripherals.

Motherboard

BUS The bus also known as the address bus, data bus, or control bus is a data connection between two or more devices connected to the computer. For example, a bus enables a computer processor to communicate with the memory or a video card to communicate with the memory.

BUS The bus contains multiple wires (signal lines) that contain addressing information that describes the memory location of where the data is being sent or where it is being retrieved. Each wire in the bus carries a single bit of information, which means the more wires a bus has the more information it can address. For example, a computer with a 32-bit address bus can address 4GB of memory, and a computer with a 36-bit bus can address 64GB of memory.

BUS A bus is capable of being a parallel or serial bus and today all computers utilize two bus types, an internal bus or local bus and an external bus, also called the expansion bus. An internal bus enables a communication between internal components such as a computer video card and memory and an external bus is capable of communicating with external components such as a USB or SCSI device.

BUS on Motherboard

Examples of computer buses A-FG-NO-PP-Z AGP ATA EISA eSATA ExpressCard Firewire FSB HyperTransport IDE ISA MCA NuBus PATA PC Card PCI PCIe PCMCIA SATA SBus SCSI USB VLB VME Bus

Chipset A chipset is a set of electronic components in an integrated circuit that manages the data flow between the processor, memory and peripherals. It is usually found on the motherboard. Chipsets are usually designed to work with a specific family of microprocessors. Because it controls communications between the processor and external devices, the chipset plays a crucial role in determining system performance.

Chipset

LGA 1150 Chipset ChipsetCode NameRelease DateBus InterfaceBus Speed PCI ExpressPCI Express lanes PCISATAUSBPCIe M.2 Support Z87Lynx PointJune 2013DMI 2.04 GB/s8 PCIe 2.0No6 Gbit/s, 6 Ports Rev 3.0, 6 Ports & Rev 2.0, 8 ports No H87Lynx PointJune 2013DMI 2.04 GB/s8 PCIe 2.0No6 Gbit/s, 6 Ports Rev 3.0, 6 Ports & Rev 2.0, 8 ports No H81Lynx PointJune 2013DMI 2.04 GB/s6 PCIe 2.0No 6 Gbit/s, 2 Ports & 3 Gbit/s, 2 Ports Rev 3.0, 2 Ports & Rev 2.0, 8 ports No Q87Lynx PointJune 2013DMI 2.04 GB/s8 PCIe 2.0No6 Gbit/s, 6 Ports Rev 3.0, 6 Ports & Rev 2.0, 8 ports No Q85Lynx PointJune 2013DMI 2.04 GB/s8 PCIe 2.0No 6 Gbit/s, 4 Ports & 3 Gbit/s, 2 Ports Rev 3.0, 6 Ports & Rev 2.0, 8 ports No B85Lynx PointJune 2013DMI 2.04 GB/s8 PCIe 2.0No 6 Gbit/s, 4 Ports & 3 Gbit/s, 2 Ports Rev 3.0, 4 Ports & Rev 2.0, 8 ports No Z97Wildcat PointMay 2014DMI 2.04 GB/s8 PCIe 2.0No6 Gbit/s, 6 Ports Rev 3.0, 6 Ports & Rev 2.0, 8 ports Yes H97Wildcat PointMay 2014DMI 2.04 GB/s8 PCIe 2.0No6 Gbit/s, 6 Ports Rev 3.0, 6 Ports & Rev 2.0, 8 ports Yes

AMD Chipset ModelCode nameReleasedCPU supportFabFab (nm)nmHTHT (MHz)IGPCrossFireSLI [5] TDPSouthbridgeFeatures / Notes AMD 870 chipset870RX Phenom II, Athlon 64, Sempron (HT 3.0) No Hybrid, x16 + x4 NoSB850Single PCIe 2.0 x16 AMD 880G chipset880GRS880PQ Phenom II, Athlon II, Sempron (HT 3.0) Radeon HD 4250 HybridNo SB710, SB750, SB810, SB850, SB920, SB950 DirectX 10.1DirectX 10.1, UVD2, HDMI/HDCP, DisplayPort/DP CP, OR single PCIe 2.0 x16 AM3+ socket support HDMIHDCPDisplayPort AMD 880M chipset880MRS880MQ Mobile Pheno m II, Mobile Turion II, Mobile Athlon II, Mobile Sempr on V-Series (HT 3.0) Radeon HD 4250 Radeon HD 4270 PowerXpres s AXIOMPowerXpres s AXIOM/MX M module(s)MX M module(s) NoSB820 DirectX 10.1DirectX 10.1, UVD2, HDMI/HDCP, DisplayPort, DV I, VGA, OR single PCI-E 2.0 x16Mobile Chipset, Danube platform HDMIHDCPDisplayPortDV IVGADanube AMD 890GX chipset890GXRS880DQ Phenom II, Athlon II, Sempron (HT 3.0) Radeon HD 4290 Hybrid, x8 + x8 No22 W SB710, SB750, SB810, SB850 DirectX 10.1DirectX 10.1, UVD2, HDMI/HDCP, DisplayPort/DP CP, Side-port memory, OR two PCIe 2.0 x16 HDMIHDCPDisplayPort AMD 890FX chipset890FXRD890Q Bulldozer, [6] Phenom II, Athlon II, Sempron [6] (HT 3.0) No x16 + x16 or x8 quad No18 W SB710, SB750, SB810, SB850 Four PCIe 2.0 x16 AMD 970 chipset970RX980 Q Bulldozer, Pile driver Phenom II, Athlon II, Sempron, FX (HT 3.0) No x16 + x4No13.6W SB710, SB750, SB810, SB850, SB920, SB950 Single PCIe 2.0 x16, IOMMUAM3+ socket supportIOMMU AMD 990X chipset990XRD (HT 3.0) x8 + x8 14W Two PCIe 2.0 x16, IOMMUAM3+ socket supportIOMMU AMD 990FX chipset990FXRD990 x16 + x16 or x8 quad x16 + x16 or x16 + x8 + x8 or x8 quad 19.6 W Four PCIe 2.0 x16, IOMMUAM3+ socket supportIOMMU

Motherboard

Clock generator A clock generator is a circuit that produces a timing signal (known as a clock signal and behaves as such) for use in synchronizing a circuit's operation. The signal can range from a simple symmetrical square wave to more complex arrangements. The basic parts that all clock generators share are a resonant circuit and an amplifier. The resonant circuit is usually a quartz piezo- electric oscillator, although simpler tank circuits and even RC circuits may be used.

Clock generator Other such optional sections include frequency divider or clock multiplier sections. Programmable clock generators allow the number used in the divider or multiplier to be changed, allowing any of a wide variety of output frequencies to be selected without modifying the hardware. The clock generator in a motherboard is often changed by computer enthusiasts to control the speed of their CPU, FSB, GPU and RAM. Typically the programmable clock generator is set by the BIOS at boot time to the selected value; although some systems have dynamic frequency scaling, which frequently re-programs the clock generator.

Clock generator Clock multiplier Many modern microcomputers use a "clock multiplier" which multiplies a lower frequency external clock to the appropriate clock rate of the microprocessor. This allows the CPU to operate at a much higher frequency than the rest of the computer, which affords performance gains in situations where the CPU does not need to wait on an external factor (like memory or input/output).

Clock multiplier

Link to :: Clock Generator ChipsClock Generator Chips

Clock generator Dynamic frequency The vast majority of digital devices do not require a clock at a fixed, constant frequency. As long as the minimum and maximum clock times are respected, the time between clock edges can vary widely from one edge to the next and back again. Such digital devices work just as well with a clock generator that dynamically changes its frequency, such as spread-spectrum clock generation, dynamic frequency scaling, PowerNow!, Cool'n'Quiet, SpeedStep, etc.

Motherboard Diagnostic & Repair Errors Code* 1. Beep code (speaker) 2. Error messages (monitor) 3. Debug code (led on motherboard) * upon vendor

Motherboard Diagnostic & Repair Beep code

Motherboard Diagnostic & Repair Error messages

Motherboard Diagnostic & Repair Debug code

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