The Romantic Vision Source: Cannistraro and Merriman

Romanticism….why? Remember, 18 th century….all about human reason Remember, 18 th century….all about human reason Romanticism is about intuition and emotion Romanticism is about intuition and emotion

Romanticism Individualism Individualism –Belief in studying one’s inner drives and personal traits –Rebellious against middle class expectations

Romanticisim A Romantic would…. A Romantic would…. –Be engrossed in his own solitude –cite poetry to himself or his friends –fight for one’s liberty –Reject reason –Ponder their dreams and subconscious thoughts "Poetry is the record of the best and happiest moments of the happiest and best minds." --Persy Bysshe Shelley

Characteristics of Romanticism Natural universe was mysterious world of its own Natural universe was mysterious world of its own Believed in “remoteness” of time or place Believed in “remoteness” of time or place Inspired by ancient British Druids and medieval knights Inspired by ancient British Druids and medieval knights

Political views of Romanticism Democratic Democratic Lord Byron and Delacroix supported liberalism Lord Byron and Delacroix supported liberalismHOWEVER Didn’t particularly care for the middle class Didn’t particularly care for the middle class

Romanticism in Germany Von Goethe ( ) Von Goethe ( ) –“Faust” –Character makes a pact with the devil in quest for knowledge –Love for a woman led him to suicide

“Spirit of the Age” English Romantic Poets

Percy Bysshe Shelley I am the eye which the Universe Beholds itself and knows itself divine; All harmony of instrument or verse, All prophecy, all medicine is mine, All light of art or nature;_to my son Victory and praise in its own right belong

Percy Bysshe Shelley Married Mary Wollstonecraft (named after her mother) Married Mary Wollstonecraft (named after her mother) Expelled from Oxford for atheist beliefs Expelled from Oxford for atheist beliefs

Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein Dr. Frankenstein Dr. Frankenstein –Creates monster in his lab –Complex work of nature and science –Concern that science is growing out of control –Suggests maternal love is possibly key to happiness

English Romanticism William Wordsworth ( ) William Wordsworth ( ) –Founder of English Romantic movement –Witnessed revolutionary France –Inspired by political idealism “Bliss was it, in that dawn to be alive.” –1799 lived in Lake District (his poetry made it famous)

English Romanticism George Gordon, Lord Byron ( ) George Gordon, Lord Byron ( ) –Led an unconventional life –Mysterious and gloomy heroes in his books –Romantic melodrama

Lord Byron THE isles of Greece! the isles of Greece! Where burning Sappho loved and sung, Where grew the arts of war and peace,--- Where Delos rose and Phoebus sprung! Eternal summer gilds them yet, But all, except their sun, is set.

English Romanticism George Gordon, Lord Byron ( ) George Gordon, Lord Byron ( ) –Died in Greece during Greek war of independence

English Romanticism John Keats ( ) John Keats ( ) –Eve of Saint Agnes –Ode to a Nightingale –Ode to Autumn Died at the age of 26 from tuberculosis

“The Horrors of War” Emotion in Romantic Painting

Goya His works His works –Uses emotions to show the horrors of war –Agonized victims –Light of torches on victims while executions lie in the shadows

Romantic Painting in France

Theodore Gericault ( ) Young French liberal Young French liberal Used violent lighting to enhance emotions Used violent lighting to enhance emotions Used painting to expose scandal Used painting to expose scandal

Raft of the Medusa by Gericault (French government ship, wrecked off the coast of Africa in 1816)

Eugene Delacroix ( ) Greatest of all French Romantic artists Greatest of all French Romantic artists Used color and combination to create emotion Used color and combination to create emotion

The Death of Sardanapalus (1826) Orgy of violence Orgy of violence Assyrian king atop his own funeral pyre Assyrian king atop his own funeral pyre Has destroyed his possession and his wives rather than give them to the enemy Has destroyed his possession and his wives rather than give them to the enemy Dreamlike quality Dreamlike quality (Aka Massacre No. 2)

“Massacre at Chios” by Delacroix Aka Massacre #1 Aka Massacre #1 Romantic political protest Romantic political protest Turkish slaughter of 20,000 Greeks on Chios in 1824 Turkish slaughter of 20,000 Greeks on Chios in 1824 Drew inspiration from Lord Byron Drew inspiration from Lord Byron “To set fire to yourself, remember certain passages from Byron”

Women of Algiers by Delacroix (1834)

British Romantic Malford William Turner (owned 6 cats)

Steamer in a Snowstorm

Romantic Music Music, like painting could release emotion Music, like painting could release emotion

Ludwig van Beethoven ( Bridged classical and romantic periods Bridged classical and romantic periods Son of an alcoholic court musician Son of an alcoholic court musician Before losing his hearing learned classical musical structures Before losing his hearing learned classical musical structures

Ludwig van Beethoven ( Romanticist because “he withdraws increasingly within himself…..reveals only his subjective thoughts and pays heed to nothing but his own inspiration” Romanticist because “he withdraws increasingly within himself…..reveals only his subjective thoughts and pays heed to nothing but his own inspiration”

Ludwig van Beethoven ( Very dramatic composer Very dramatic composer Often knocked down candles during performance Often knocked down candles during performance Music helped popularize the piano Music helped popularize the piano Enjoyed wealth and fame (unlike Mozart) Enjoyed wealth and fame (unlike Mozart)

Ludwig van Beethoven ( Age 32 realized deafness was incurable Age 32 realized deafness was incurable Contemplated suicide Contemplated suicide But continued to compose But continued to compose Moonlight Sonata scene from Immortal Beloved Moonlight Sonata scene from Immortal Beloved Moonlight Sonata scene from Immortal Beloved Moonlight Sonata scene from Immortal Beloved

Franz Schubert ( ) Fused romantic poetry and music Fused romantic poetry and music Performed in only one public concert Performed in only one public concert Died at a young age, syphilis Died at a young age, syphilis

Chopin Most famous composers of early 19 th century Most famous composers of early 19 th century Dreamy, brooding, melancholic, and fiery Dreamy, brooding, melancholic, and fiery Performed in upper- class drawing rooms Performed in upper- class drawing rooms

The middle class Loved classical music Loved classical music Attended by musically educated listeners Attended by musically educated listeners Private concerts took place in middle class homes Private concerts took place in middle class homes Piano playing became common Piano playing became common Children received music lessons Children received music lessons