Reading Journal Articles Critically This workshop will: Introduce you to the idea of critiquing and analysis tools Show you how to apply one model of reading analysis Highlight how to find gaps in author’s logic and points to critique Louise Livesey Academic Skills Adviser 13 January, 2015 Academic Skills Advice

Academic Skills Advice The Plan… Understanding critiquing tools Applying the Code to introductions Identifying gaps or points to critique in research articles This booklet extensively adapts from Shon (2012) Share the plan with attendees and give out note-taker HO 13 January, 2015 Academic Skills Advice

Academic Skills Advice 1.Understanding critiquing tools Critiquing tools understand how research is done and what it has found out assess the quality of research by questioning what has been written Shon has devised a simple coding system to enable students to read critically whilst managing the amount of information collected. It uses fourteen acronyms which you jot down next to passages within the article which are either directly related to critical reading, or are used to critique the article and encourages you to generate new ideas about what you are reading. All of his codes are placed in the right hand margin. This is so your own thematic codes/notes can be placed in the left hand margin.   The full code is on the handout provided. These codes represent what you should look out for in an article to ensure you analyse it fully and to assist with your own review or research project. 13 January, 2015 Academic Skills Advice

2 examples of critiquing tools 1.Understanding critiquing tools 2 examples of critiquing tools Quantitative research: Coughlan et al (2007) Qualitative and quantitative: Adapted from Caldwell et al (2011) 13 January, 2015 Academic Skills Advice

Dr. Philip Shon’s Coding System 1.Understanding critiquing tools Dr. Philip Shon’s Coding System 14 acronyms Right hand margins Full code in booklet Shon has devised a simple coding system to enable students to read critically whilst managing the amount of information collected. It uses fourteen acronyms which you jot down next to passages within the article which are either directly related to critical reading, or are used to critique the article and encourages you to generate new ideas about what you are reading. All of his codes are placed in the right hand margin. This is so your own thematic codes/notes can be placed in the left hand margin.   The full code is on the handout provided. These codes represent what you should look out for in an article to ensure you analyse it fully and to assist with your own review or research project. 13 January, 2015 Academic Skills Advice

Race, gender, and the newsworthiness of homicide incidents 2. Applying the Code to Introductions Race, gender, and the newsworthiness of homicide incidents Paragraph 1: SPL, GAP Paragraph 2: CPL, GAP Paragraph 3: RAT Paragraph 4: WTD Flow SPL GAP CPL GAP RAT WTD 13 January, 2015 Academic Skills Advice

Academic Skills Advice 2. Applying the Code to Introductions Wheeled Mobile Robots Paragraph 1: SPL 3rd and 4th ; CPL last, GAP part of last: ‘for which…relevant question.’ Paragraph 2: Rat 1st and 5th, WTD 6th, SPL 2nd and 3rd Flow: 13 January, 2015 Academic Skills Advice

Activity 1: Complex Regional Pain Syndrome 2. Applying the Code to Introductions Activity 1: Complex Regional Pain Syndrome SPL: 2nd and 3rd CPL: 4th GAP: 4th Rat: Last: ‘attempts to bridge this divide’ WTD: Last: ‘addresses…attempts…reviewing’ Flow: SPL CPL GAP RAT WTD 13 January, 2015 Academic Skills Advice

Academic Skills Advice 3. Identifying Gaps or Points to Critique MOP: Missed Obvious Point to earlier literature POC: Point of Critique re any gaps or limitations RPP: Relevant Point to Pursue to use for your own purposes 13 January, 2015 Academic Skills Advice

Academic Skills Advice References Bastin, G., Campion, G, and D’Andréa-Novel, B. (1996) Structural Properties and Classification of Kinematic and Dynamic Models of Wheeled Mobile Robots. IEEE Transactions on Robotics and Automation. Vol 12: 1, February., pp.47-62 [online] Available at: http://perso.uclouvain.be/georges.bastin/paper37.pdf [Accessed 17.7.2014] Caldwell, K., Henshaw, L., and Taylor, G. (2011) Developing a Framework for Critiquing Health Research: An Early Evaluation. Nurse Education Today. Vol. 31 (No. 8) pp. e1-e7 Coughlan, M., Cronin, P., and Ryan, F. (2007) Step-by-step guide to critiquing research – Part 1: quantitative research. British Journal of Nursing. Vol. 16 (No. 11) pp. 658-663. Gruenewald, J., Pizarro, J., and Chermak, S. (2009) Race, gender, and the newsworthiness of homicide incidents. Journal of Criminal Justice. Issue 37. pp. 262–272. [online] Available at: file:///C:/Users/lclivese/Desktop/Predicting%20Crime%20Story%20Salience.pdf [Accessed 17.5.2014] 13 January, 2015 Academic Skills Advice

Academic Skills Advice References Pollard, C. (2013). Physiotherapy Management of complex regional pain syndrome. New Zealand Journal of Physiotherapy. 41(2). July, pp. 65-72 [online] Available at: http://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=1661dca1-fb3d-4e3a-b91e-3a0b80676ae9%40sessionmgr198&vid=2&hid=125 [Accessed 17.7.2014]    Pritchard, D. and Hughes, K. (1997) Patterns of Deviance in Crime News. Journal of Communication. Issue: 47(3). Summer. pp.49-67 [online] Available at: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1460-2466.1997.tb02716.x/pdf [Accessed 17.5.2014] Shumaker, D. and Prinz, R. (2000) Children Who Murder: A Review. Clinical Child and Family Psychology Review. Vol. 3 (2) pp. 97-115 [online] Available at: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1023%2FA%3A1009560602970#page-1 [Accessed 3.6.2014] Shon, P. (2012) How to Read Journal Articles in Social Science. London: Sage Publications Ltd. 13 January, 2015 Academic Skills Advice

Academic Skills Advice Service Where are we? Chesham Building B0.23. Give us a call or come speak to us Monday- Friday 9am-5pm (closing at 4pm Fridays). Who am I? Louise, the dedicated workshop adviser. Who can help me with study and writing skills? Lucy and Russell run Instant Study Skills Advice sessions every weekday and Writing Skills Clinics three times a week. You can also access self-help resources on our webpage. Who can give me maths advice? Helen and Michael specialise in Maths support for students though clinics and pre-booked appointment. How do I get in touch? Email: academic-skills@brad.ac.uk Telephone: 01274 236849 13 January, 2015 Academic Skills Advice

Academic Skills Advice Any questions? 13 January, 2015 Academic Skills Advice