1 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act Cheri D. Green This Presentation is not designed or intended to provide legal or professional advice, as any such advice Requires the consideration of the facts of the specific situation. 2012

2 PPACA DIRECT COSTS TAXES AKA PENALTIES AKA FEES AND FINES

3 Deductibles Small group market - deduction limitations $2000 individual and $4000 “other” with formula increase after May be increased by maximum amount of reimbursement which is reasonably available under FSAs. Does not apply to Grandfathered Plans. Effective Year 2014.

4 Small Business Tax Credit Year Small Business Tax Credit: 25 or fewer full time employees [defined] and average annual wages of less than $50,000 are eligible for tax credits up to 35% [25% tax exempt eligible small employer] of the employer's non elective contribution toward the employee's health insurance premium. Employers with 10 or fewer full time employees [defined] and average annual wages of less than $25,000 is allowed full credit. Employers must pay for at least 50% of the employee's premium.

5 Small Business Tax Credit Year 2014 Employers with 25 or fewer employees and average annual wages of less than $50,000 are eligible for tax credits up to 50% [35% tax exempt eligible small employer] of the employer's non elective contribution toward the employee's health insurance premium. Employers with 10 or fewer full time employees [defined] and average annual wages of less than $25,000 is allowed full credit. Employers must pay for at least 50% of the employee's premium. Can only claim Tax Credit for 2 years beginning in 2014 and only if employees are in the Exchange.

6 EMPLOYEE COUNT FOR SMALL EMPLOYER TAX CREDIT

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11 “No Coverage” Tax Employers with 50 or more employees who do not offer their employees health coverage will be subject to a 1/12th of $2,000 tax penalty /per full-time employee (per month) if one of their employees is enrolled for a tax credit subsidy (first 30 employees exempted) [See IRC 4980H].

12 “Unaffordable” Coverage Tax Employers with 50 or more employees who offer minimal "unaffordable" coverage but who have employees who qualify for premium tax credit or cost sharing reductions and who have been certified as enrolled in a qualified health plan, will be subject to a tax of 1/12th of $3,000 for each full time employee per month. Total penalty is capped at amount of total penalty employer would have paid if no coverage had been offered. "Unaffordable" is premium paid by employee that is more than 9.5% of the employee's household income [as further defined by PPACA] or the actuarial value of coverage is less than 60%. Penalty not assessed if employer provides Free Choice Voucher** for that month.

13 Unaffordable v. No Coverage In reaching a maximum penalty for Unaffordable Coverage, the penalty will be the lesser of what the penalty would have been if there was No Coverage [FTEs - 30 employees * $2,000] or the penalty for Unaffordable coverage [FTEs who receive Exchange credit * $3,000]

14 Premium Assistance Premium Assistance Tax Credit for those who purchase insurance in the Exchange. Paid by the IRS directly to the insurance carrier in advance and any balance is paid by the individual through payroll deductions. Assistance is available to those at 400% poverty level [$43,320 individual and $88,200 family of four]. The Credit is sliding scale based on percentage of income: 2% of income at 100% poverty level and 9.5% of income at 400% of poverty level. Effective Year 2014.

15 SHARED RESPONSIBILITLY Tax penalties aka "shared responsibility penalty" occur for those who are not enrolled in a health plan aka “individual mandates.” IRS Notice requests comments on how to define employer and employee for this provision. The greater of $95 for 2014 and $325 for 2015 OR 1% beginning in 2014, 2% in 2015 and 2.5% after After 2016, greater of $695 adjusted for cost of living or 2.5% of taxable income. Flat dollar is per person required to have insurance up to 300% of applicable $ amount. Not subject to penalty for certain reasons: financial hardship, religious objections, American Indians, illegal aliens, those in jail, those without coverage for less than three months, those for whom the "bronze plan" [lowest option in an Exchange] exceeds 8% of household income, incomes below filing threshold and those living outside the U.S. [See IRC§5000A(c)]. 8% changes in 2015 to a percentage set by HHS under IRC 5000A(e)(1)(B)(i).

16 INSURANCE RELATED TAXES AND PENALTIES FTEs = Full Time Employees PPACA Taxes & Penalties 26 to 49 FTEs No Tax Credit and No Tax Penalties Aggregation IRC 414(c) entities under common control must aggregate employees across all entities IRS Notice Provides guidance on counting FTEs “No Coverage Tax” 50 FTEs+ $2,000 per FTE if even only one enrolled for subsidy [minus first 30 FTEs] “Unaffordable Coverage Tax” 50+ FTEs $3,000 per subsidy enrolled [capped at tax for “No Coverage”] Individual Premium Assistance Based on % of employee paid premium. 2% at 100% FPL and 9.5% at 400% FPL [sliding scale] Individual Mandate Tax 1% or $ % or $ % or $ Tax Credit 10 or fewer FTEs & max $25,000 35% full tax credit until 2014 and 50% Tax Credit 25 or fewer FTEs & max $50,000 35% sliding tax credit until 2014 and 50%

17 Individual Taxes Increase Medicare tax rate on employee wages by.9% on high income individuals. [$200,000 single; $250,000 joint]. New Medicare tax 3.8% on unearned income takes effect [$200,000 single; $250,000 joint]. Effective Tax Year 2013

18 Fees on Plans For each fiscal year there is a fee on employer-sponsored plan to fund Comparative Clinical Effectiveness Research. [$1 for policy year ending 2013]. [$2 * average # of lives covered under the policy ] Insured and Self Insured.

19 Tax Deductions Medical expense deduction raised from 7.5% to 10% If tax payer or spouse is 65+ then stays at 7.5% for tax years Effective Tax Year 2013 Floor on deductible medical expenses is raised to 10% AGI for all taxpayers, including 65 and over in 2017

20 Cafeteria Plans Small Employers [100 or less] can create Simple Cafeteria Plans. Must meet certain employee eligibility and minimum contribution requirements in order to have safe harbor from non-discrimination requirements relating to highly compensated employees. Effective Year 2011.

21 FSAs Limits Lower contribution limits on Health Flexible Spending Arrangements (FSAs) take effect for purposes of being a "qualified benefit" (employee contribution limited to $2,500 per year ). Includes grandfathered plans. Effective Year 2013.

22 HSAs, FSAs, Archer MSAs Health saving accounts, flexible spending accounts, Archer MSA can no longer be used to purchase over the counter medicines - only prescribed drugs and insulin. Reimbursements for such will be included in employee's gross income, and if an HSA or Archer MSA, then not only will distributions of the accounts be included in gross income they will also be subject to additional penalty. Includes grandfathered plans Effective Year 2011.

23 Industry Taxes Insurance Industry $8 Billion $11.3 Billion $11.3 Billion $13.9 Billion $14.3 Billion Pharmaceutical $2.5 Billion $2.8 Billion $2.8 Billion $3 Billion $4 Billion $4.1 Billion $2.8 Billion

24 IRS Circular 230 Notice To ensure compliance with requirements imposed by the IRS, we inform you that, unless specifically indicated otherwise, any tax advice contained in this communication (including any attachments) was not intended or written to be used, and cannot be used, for the purpose of (i) avoiding tax-related penalties under the Internal Revenue Code, or (ii) promoting, marketing, or recommending to another party any tax-related matter addressed herein. This Presentation is not designed or intended to provide legal or professional advice, as any such advice requires the consideration of the facts of the specific situation. 2012