2004 International Telemetering Conference20 October CCSDS FILE DELIVERY PROTOCOL INTER-IMPLEMENTATION TESTING FINAL REPORT TESTING OF A DTN PROTOCOL RICHARD D. CARPER 1 Consultant, Space Data Systems MASSIMILIANO CICCONE 2 European Space Agency KATHY BRYAN ROCKWELL 1 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology 1 This work was performed in part at and under the direction of of the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. 2 This work was performed in part at and under the direction of the European Space Agency.

2004 International Telemetering Conference20 October Text The CCSDS has for over twenty years developed and promulgated space link standards for the use of the international space-faring community Over 250 spacecraft have used or are using these standards Some of the CCSDS member Agencies, most specifically JPL, are presently developing standards which will extend the Internet into the space data domain. 256 Missions now using CCSDS Space Link Protocols

2004 International Telemetering Conference20 October CCSDS File Delivery Protocol (CFDP) Provides international standard file delivery: in both reliable and expedited modes across both short haul and Deep Space links across single or multi-hop (store and forward) links re-creates the user’s product directly for transfer to user’s processing automated protocol improves link utilization and reduces operational costs and complexity

2004 International Telemetering Conference20 October Objectives of Interoperability Test Program Objectives of the Test Program were to: Validate the protocol specification Clarify the wording of the specification, reducing the possibility of differing interpretations Demonstrate the interoperability of independent implementations Provide tested reference implementations for potential users

2004 International Telemetering Conference20 October Three Levels of CFDP Protocol Capability Core Procedures operate point-to-point across a single link. Extended Procedures providing an end-to-end store-and-forward functionality across an arbitrary network, containing multiple links with disparate availability, as well as subnetworks with heterogeneous protocols. Store and Forward Overlay (SFO) Procedures Provide an alternative to the Extended Procedures and operate at the Application layer, utilizing only the Core Procedures

2004 International Telemetering Conference20 October Three Configurations for Testing “Face-to-Face” Initial Tests Worldwide Distributed Testing via the Internet “Absentee Owner” Testing in a Protocol Testing Laboratory

2004 International Telemetering Conference20 October “Face-to-Face” Tests The first Testing Workshop was hosted in May, 2000, at APL, Columbia, Maryland It was sufficiently productive that it resulted in a series of Workshops Further face-to-face Workshops were held at DERA, Farnborough UK, in November 2000, and then at JPL, Pasadena, USA, in May, 2001 Following the Pasadena Workshop the testing migrated to what became a distributed international Inter-Agency Testbed, operating over the Internet

2004 International Telemetering Conference20 October CFDP Distributed Tests The CFDP Core Procedures were tested in this configuration. 15 Test Sessions of approximately 4 hours each were held with implementers and a proctor. 490 tests were conducted. Areas of the specification which were subject to different interpretations were found, but no true errors in the protocol

2004 International Telemetering Conference20 October Protocol Test Lab Tests The Extended Procedures and the Store and Forward Overlay procedures were tested in the JPL Telecommunications Section’s Protocol Test Laboratory Both the ESA implementation and the JPL implementation were installed (as multiple instances) in the Lab’s host systems. Unlike previous tests, the software, set-up and tests were all conducted by Lab personnel, rather than by the Implementers.

2004 International Telemetering Conference20 October Protocol Test Lab Tests (2) A special tool was developed by the ESA implementer which allowed him to receive hex dumps, via , of PDUs causing problems and re-insert those PDUs into his local system at ESA ESTEC in Noordwijk, Holland, thus exactly recreating the problem encountered in the Lab at JPL in Pasadena. This enabled a kind of “batch remote debugging” operation during the initial installation and start-up phase.

2004 International Telemetering Conference20 October Added Capabilities of a Test Lab CFDPUser App CFDP/UDP EthernetCFDPUser App CFDP/UDP Ethernet internet CFDPUser AppCFDPUser AppCCSDS Link Radio Face-to-Face and Distributed Testing Via the Internet Testing within a Specialized Test Lab Noisy,Asymmetric radio link

2004 International Telemetering Conference20 October Results of Testing “Face-to-Face” Test Results The CFDP Core Procedures were tested in this configuration. The tests were primarily developmental in nature, and were successful in terms of necessary precursor work and experience. Distributed Test Results The CFDP Core Procedures were tested in this configuration. 15 Test Sessions of approximately 4 hours each were held with implementers and a proctor. 490 tests were conducted. Areas of the specification which were subject to different interpretations were found, but no true errors in the protocol Protocol Test Lab Results The CFDP Extended Procedures and the Store and Forward Overlay procedures were tested in this configuration. (RESULTS TO BE SUPPLIED)

2004 International Telemetering Conference20 October Lessons Learned Testing of an in-design protocol by using independently created implementations greatly improves the protocol and the specification document, and increases confidence in them Face-to-face testing workshops, distributed testing via the Internet, and testing in specialized Protocol Test Laboratories are all valuable and complimentary To keep testing focused, organized, and moving, it is essential to have a set of common test plans/descriptions for all to use in inter-implementation testing

2004 International Telemetering Conference20 October Conclusions The CFDP Interoperability Test Program - Validated the protocol specification Clarified the wording of the specification, reducing the possibility of differing interpretations Demonstrated the interoperability of independent implementations Provided tested reference implementations for potential users

2004 International Telemetering Conference20 October Untethered, disconnected Extreme mass/power constraints Mobile, ad-hoc, self organizing Space missions are increasingly moving from point-to-point to networked architectures -- internal to each spacecraft -- on and around other planets Just like the terrestrial Internet, standardized space networking allows us to build low-cost, reusable infrastructure that can be shared by many diverse space missions Mars Region 1 Mars Region 2 Mars Orbit Region Terrestrial RegionDeep Space Backbone Region A Step on the Road to Interplanetary DTNs

2004 International Telemetering Conference20 October Questions?